How to live to be 100+ - Dan Buettner

TED-Ed
17 Apr 201319:39

Summary

TLDRLe script explore les zones bleues, des régions où les habitants vivent plus longtemps avec moins de maladies chroniques. Il débouche les mystères de la longévité en démontrant que 90% de la durée de vie est influencée par le mode de vie. Les chercheurs ont identifié neuf facteurs clés pour une vie longue et saine, tels que l'activité physique naturelle, la méditation, une alimentation végétale, la connexion sociale et le sens de la vie, qui sont plus importants que les régimes ou les suppléments.

Takeaways

  • 🧬 L'étude jumelle danoise a établi que seulement 10% de la durée de vie moyenne des personnes est dictée par nos gènes, tandis que 90% est dictée par notre mode de vie.
  • 🌐 Le concept de 'Blue Zone' est basé sur la recherche de la meilleure façon de vivre pour la longévité, en étudiant des zones géographiquement définies où les gens vivent plus longtemps.
  • 🤔 Il existe beaucoup de confusion autour de ce qui nous aide vraiment à vivre plus longtemps, comme les différents régimes alimentaires et les exercices.
  • 💡 La recherche sur la longévité a démontré que nous pouvons vivre jusqu'à environ 90 ans, mais que la moyenne de vie dans notre pays est de seulement 78 ans, ce qui signifie que nous laissons potentiellement 12 ans de bonne santé derrière nous.
  • 🏞️ Les 'Blue Zones' sont des régions où les gens vivent jusqu'à 10 fois plus souvent jusqu'à 100 ans que dans le reste du monde, avec une espérance de vie supplémentaire de 12 ans et un taux de mortalité au milieu de l'âge bien inférieur à celui des États-Unis.
  • 🍇 L'une des premières 'Blue Zones' trouvées est à Sardaigne, où les hommes vivent le plus longtemps, avec une alimentation à base de plantes et des habitudes sociales qui valorisent les personnes âgées.
  • 🌾 Les Adventistes du septième jour, principalement à Loma Linda, Californie, ont une espérance de vie plus longue que la moyenne américaine, en suivant cinq petits habitudes de vie issues de leur foi.
  • 🍽️ Les régimes alimentaires dans les 'Blue Zones' sont principalement à base de plantes, avec des légumes colorés et du tofu, et ils ont des stratégies pour éviter de surmanger.
  • 🧘 Les habitants des 'Blue Zones' ont des activités physiques intégrées dans leur vie quotidienne, plutôt que de faire de l'exercice de manière intentionnelle et épuisante.
  • 🙏 Ils ont un sens du but ou 'ikigai', qui est essentiel pour la longévité et leur bien-être, en se concentrant sur leur raison d'être et leur engagement dans la vie.
  • 👪 L'importance de la famille et de la communauté est un élément commun dans les 'Blue Zones', avec des liens sociaux forts qui contribuent à une meilleure santé et une plus grande longévité.

Q & A

  • Qu'est-ce que l'étude jumelle danoise a établi sur l'influence des gènes sur la longévité?

    -L'étude jumelle danoise a établi que seulement environ 10% de la durée de vie de la personne moyenne au sein de certaines limites biologiques est dictée par nos gènes, tandis que les 90% restants sont dictés par notre mode de vie.

  • Quel est le but du projet Blue Zone?

    -Le but du projet Blue Zone est de trouver le mode de vie optimal de longévité dans le monde entier et de dégager une formule de facto pour la longévité.

  • Quels sont les principaux mythes sur la longévité que l'on cherche à débattre dans le script?

    -Les principaux mythes sur la longévité que l'on cherche à débattre sont que l'on peut vivre jusqu'à 100 ans en faisant des efforts extrêmes et qu'il existe des traitements qui peuvent ralentir, inverser ou même arrêter le vieillissement.

  • Pourquoi les chercheurs ont-ils décidé de travailler avec National Geographic et le National Institute on Aging?

    -Ils ont choisi de travailler avec National Geographic et le National Institute on Aging pour identifier les zones démographiquement confirmées et géographiquement définies, puis d'envoyer une équipe d'experts pour étudier méthodiquement les habitudes de vie de ces populations.

  • Quelle est la première zone bleue identifiée dans le script?

    -La première zone bleue identifiée est l'île de Sardaigne, en particulier la région des hautes terres appelée la province du Nuore.

  • Quels sont les éléments clés du mode de vie des Sardes qui favorisent la longévité?

    -Les éléments clés incluent une activité physique régulière et de faible intensité, un régime alimentaire majoritairement végétarien avec des produits portatifs comme le pain nota música et le fromage riche en oméga-3, ainsi qu'un vin à haut niveau de polyphénols appelé Cana.

  • Quelle est la deuxième zone bleue mentionnée dans le script et quels sont ses attributs?

    -La deuxième zone bleue mentionnée est l'archipel d'Okinawa, au sud du Tokyo. Les Okinawans ont la plus longue espérance de vie sans incapacité et une alimentation riche en légumes colorés et en tofu.

  • Quels sont les principaux ingrédients de la longévité selon les Okinawans?

    -Les principaux ingrédients incluent une alimentation à base de plantes, des stratégies pour éviter de surmanger, et des habitudes sociales qui favorisent la cohésion et le soutien mutuel, comme le système de moai.

  • Quelle est la troisième zone bleue identifiée et quel est son particularité?

    -La troisième zone bleue identifiée est la communauté des Adventistes du septième jour à Loma Linda, en Californie. Ils ont des habitudes de vie simples mais ritualisées qui leur confèrent une longévité exceptionnelle.

  • Quels sont les neuf facteurs communs identifiés dans les trois cultures étudiées?

    -Les neuf facteurs communs sont la participation à une activité physique naturelle, la prière ou la méditation, une alimentation à base de plantes, des stratégies pour éviter la surconsommation, un sens de la purpose (iki guy), une consommation modérée d'alcool, la priorité accordée à la famille, l'appartenance à une communauté de foi et la présence d'un bon réseau social.

  • Quel est le message final du script sur la façon de vivre plus longtemps et plus sainement?

    -Le message final est que la longévité et la qualité de vie ne sont pas le résultat de régimes ou d'exercices spécifiques, mais plutôt le fruit d'un mode de vie global sain et équilibré, incluant des habitudes sociales et spirituelles qui favorisent le bien-être et la cohésion communautaire.

Outlines

00:00

🧬 Mythes et réalités de la longévité

Le script explore les facteurs génétiques et de style de vie qui influencent la longévité, démontrant que seulement 10% de la durée de vie est déterminée par nos gènes, tandis que 90% est attribuable à notre mode de vie. Il débunk des idées reçues telles que la possibilité de vivre jusqu'à 100 ans et l'existence de traitements anti-vieillissement. Il est souligné que bien que nous puissions atteindre environ 90 ans, la moyenne de l'espérance de vie est de seulement 78 ans, ce qui suggère que nous laissons potentiellement 12 ans de bonne santé derrière nous. Les chercheurs ont étudié des zones bleues, des régions où les gens vivent jusqu'à 100 ans à des taux significativement plus élevés que la moyenne, pour identifier les facteurs de leur longévité.

05:00

🗺 Les zones bleues et leurs secrets

Le script décrit les recherches menées dans des régions spécifiques comme l'île de Sardaigne en Italie et l'archipel d'Okinawa au Japon, où la longévité est particulièrement élevée. Les Sardes vivent dans un environnement social qui honore les personnes âgées, ce qui est associé à une meilleure santé et une espérance de vie prolongée. Les Okinawans, quant à eux, ont une alimentation riche en légumes et en tofu, et suivent des traditions de modération dans l'alimentation et la vie sociale, comme la pratique du 'Hara Hachi Bou', qui consiste à se nourrir jusqu'à ce que l'estomac soit à 80% plein. Ces pratiques sont liées à une meilleure longévité et à une meilleure qualité de vie dans leur vieillesse.

10:02

👵👴 Les leçons de la longévité aux États-Unis

L'auteur partage des expériences avec des communautés aux États-Unis, notamment les Adventistes du septième jour à Loma Linda, en Californie, qui vivent en moyenne 11 ans de plus que la population américaine moyenne. Ils suivent des habitudes de vie simples mais cohérentes, telles que l'observation du temps sacré, l'alimentation basée sur des légumes et des graines, et l'importance de la nature et de la promenade. Ces pratiques sont associées à une meilleure longévité et à une meilleure santé, illustrant que des changements dans le mode de vie peuvent avoir un impact significatif sur la durée et la qualité de la vie.

15:03

🌱 Les principes communs de la longévité

Le script résume les neuf principes de vie identifiés dans les différentes zones bleues, qui comprennent l'importance de l'activité physique naturelle, la modération dans l'alimentation, la connexion sociale et la spiritualité. Il est souligné que la longévité ne peut pas être attribuée à un seul facteur mais est le résultat d'un ensemble de pratiques de vie qui favorisent la santé et bien-être. Les leçons tirées de ces cultures montrent que la longévité est atteignable avec des habitudes de vie sains et des relations sociales solides, plutôt que de dépendre de traitements miracle ou de régimes stricts.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Étude jumeaux danoise

L'étude jumeaux danoise est mentionnée comme une étude clé qui a établi que seulement environ 10% de la durée de vie moyenne d'une personne est dictée par nos gènes, tandis que 90% est dictée par notre mode de vie. Cette étude sert de base à la théorie du Blue Zone, qui cherche à identifier le mode de vie optimal pour la longévité. Dans le script, elle est utilisée pour introduire l'idée que les choix de vie ont un impact significatif sur notre espérance de vie.

💡Blue Zone

Blue Zone fait référence à un projet qui cherche à identifier les zones géographiques où les gens vivent plus longtemps et avec moins de maladies chroniques. Ces zones sont étudiées pour comprendre les facteurs de leur longévité, y compris le mode de vie, l'alimentation et les pratiques sociales. Le script explore plusieurs de ces zones, telles que l'île de Sardaigne et les îles Okinawa, pour déterminer les clés de leur succès en matière de longévité.

💡Longévité

La longévité est le thème central du script, qui examine les facteurs qui contribuent à vivre plus longtemps et plus sainement. Le script démystifie les idées populaires sur la longévité, telles que la possibilité de vivre jusqu'à 100 ans et les traitements pour ralentir ou arrêter le vieillissement, tout en mettant en évidence les pratiques de vie qui peuvent favoriser une vie plus longue et plus riche.

💡Mode de vie

Le mode de vie est présenté comme un élément clé de la longévité, influençant 90% de la durée de vie d'une personne, selon l'étude jumeaux danoise. Le script examine différents modes de vie, y compris l'alimentation, l'activité physique et les interactions sociales, et comment ils peuvent être optimisés pour une vie plus longue et plus saine.

💡Alimentation

L'alimentation est un aspect important du mode de vie examiné dans le script, notamment dans les Blue Zones. Les régimes alimentaires basés sur les plantes, riches en légumes colorés et en protéines végétales, sont mis en avant comme un facteur de longévité. Par exemple, les Okinawans mangent beaucoup de tofu et suivent une diète qui inclut des légumes et des graines.

💡Activité physique

L'activité physique est présentée comme un élément essentiel du mode de vie des personnes vivant dans les Blue Zones, bien que ce ne soit pas l'exercice intensif traditionnel que beaucoup imaginent. Au lieu de cela, le script souligne l'importance de l'activité physique intégrée dans le quotidien, comme se lever et se coucher plusieurs fois par jour ou vivre dans des maisons verticales qui nécessitent de monter et descendre des escaliers.

💡Sens du but

Le sens du but, ou 'ikigai' en japonais, est décrit comme un facteur clé de la longévité, particulièrement dans la culture Okinawane. Le script explique que conserver un sens de but dans la vie, comme poursuivre un art martial ou aider sa famille, peut ajouter jusqu'à sept ans d'espérance de vie supplémentaire.

💡Rassemblement social

Le rassemblement social est un aspect important des cultures Blue Zones, où les relations interpersonnelles et la participation à une communauté de foi jouent un rôle significatif dans la longévité. Le script mentionne des groupes sociaux comme les 'moai' d'Okinawa, qui sont des réseaux de soutien mutuel au fil de la vie.

💡Diète

Le script aborde la confusion entourant les différents types de diètes et comment elles prétendent influencer la longévité. Cependant, il suggère que, plutôt que de suivre une diète spécifique, il est plus important de maintenir des habitudes alimentaires saines et équilibrées, comme celles trouvées dans les Blue Zones, qui mettent l'accent sur les aliments de source végétale.

💡Vieillissement

Le vieillissement est discuté dans le script comme un processus inévitable qui ne peut être ralenti ou arrêté par les traitements. Malgré cela, il existe des pratiques de vie qui peuvent aider à réduire les effets négatifs du vieillissement et à améliorer la qualité de vie, comme l'activité physique et l'équilibre alimentaire.

💡Rythme de vie

Le rythme de vie est un concept clé dans le script, qui suggère que la réduction de l'intensité de la vie quotidienne peut avoir des avantages pour la longévité. Par exemple, les habitants de Sardaigne et d'Okinawa ont des pratiques sociales et des modes de vie qui encouragent une activité physique de faible intensité et un rythme de vie plus lent, ce qui peut contribuer à une meilleure santé et une plus grande longévité.

Highlights

Danish twin study reveals only 10% of lifespan is genetic, 90% is influenced by lifestyle.

The Blue Zone project aims to identify optimal lifestyles for longevity.

Confusion exists in the U.S. regarding the optimal diet and lifestyle for longevity.

Myth debunked: Effort alone cannot ensure living to 100 due to genetic factors.

Myth debunked: No treatments can stop or reverse aging due to the complexity of the human body.

Human bodies are programmed for procreative success, not necessarily for longevity.

The average human body has a lifespan capacity of about 90 years, but life expectancy is often lower.

Cultural study of the Blue Zones reveals areas with higher rates of centenarians and longer life expectancies.

Sardinia's highland area, the Norell province, is a Blue Zone with a high number of centenarians.

Sardinian society values older people, which may contribute to their longevity.

Okinawa is another Blue Zone with the longest disability-free life expectancy.

Okinawans practice the Hara Hachi Bou diet, stopping eating when 80% full.

Social constructs like the moai in Okinawa contribute to community support and longevity.

Loma Linda, California's Seventh-day Adventists have a higher life expectancy due to lifestyle habits.

Adventists follow a set of habits including a plant-based diet and regular nature walks.

Common denominators among Blue Zones include physical activity integrated into daily life.

Intentional physical activity in Blue Zones often involves walking and gardening.

Downshifting stress through activities like prayer contributes to longevity.

Having a sense of purpose, or iki guy, is associated with seven years of extra life expectancy.

Plant-based diets with moderation are common in Blue Zones.

Social connections and belonging to a supportive community are key to longevity.

Diets and exercise programs are not long-term solutions; social connections and lifestyle choices are.

Transcripts

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something called the Danish twin study

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established that only about 10% of how

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long the average person lives within

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certain biological limits is dictated by

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our genes the other 90% is dictated by

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our lifestyle so the premise of Blue

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Zone is if we can find the optimal

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lifestyle of longevity we can come up

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with a de facto formula for longevity

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but if you ask the average American what

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the optimal formula of longevity is they

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probably couldn't tell you they've

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probably heard of the South Beach diet

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or the Atkins diet and you have the USDA

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food pyramid there's what Oprah tells us

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there's what dr. oz tells us the fact of

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the matter is there's a lot of confusion

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around what really helps us live longer

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better should you be running marathons

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or doing yoga should you eat organic

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meats or should you be eating tofu when

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it comes to supplements should you be

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taking them how about these hormones or

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is vera and does purpose plan to it

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spirituality and how about how we

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socialize what our approach to finding

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longevity was to team up with National

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Geographic and the National Institute on

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Aging to find the for demographically

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confirmed areas that are geographically

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defined and then bring a team of experts

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in there to methodically go through

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exactly what these people - to distill

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down the cross-cultural distillation and

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at the end of this I'm going to tell you

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what that distillation is but first I'd

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like to debunk some common myths when it

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comes to longevity and the first myth is

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if you try really hard you can live to

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be 100 false the problem is only about

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one out of 5,000 people in America are

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live to be a hundred year your chances

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are very low even though it's the

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fastest growing demographic in America

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it's hard to reach 100 the problem is

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that we are not programmed for longevity

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we are programmed for something called

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procreative success I love that word it

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reminds me of my college days

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biologists term procreative success to

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to mean the age where you have children

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and then another generation the age when

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your children have children after that

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the effect of evolution completely

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dissipates if you're a mammal if you're

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a rat or an elephant or a human be in

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between it's the same story so to make

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it to age 100 you not only have to have

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had a very good lifestyle you also have

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to have won the genetic lottery the

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second myth is there are treatments that

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can help slow reverse or even stop aging

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false when you think of it there's 99

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things that can age us deprived your

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brain of oxygen for just a few minutes

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those brain cells die they never come

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back play tennis too hard on your knees

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ruin your cartilage that cartilage never

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comes back our arteries can clog our

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brands can gunk up with plaque and we

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can get Alzheimer's there's just too

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many things to go wrong our bodies have

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35 trillion cells trillion with the T

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we're talking national debt numbers here

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those cells turn themselves over once

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every eight years and every time they

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turn themselves over there's some damage

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and that damage builds up and it builds

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up exponentially it's a little bit like

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the days when we all had Beatles albums

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or Eagles albums and we make a copy of

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that on a cassette tape and then let our

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friends copy that cassette tape and

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pretty soon with successive generations

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that tape sounds like garbage

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well the same things happened to

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ourselves that's why a 65 year old

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person is aging at a rate of about 125

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times faster than a 12 year old person

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so if there's nothing you can do to slow

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your aging or stop your aging what am I

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doing here well the fact of the matter

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is the best science tells us that the

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capacity of the human body my body your

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body is about 90 years a little bit more

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for a women but life expectancy in this

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country is only 78 so somewhere along

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the line we're leaving about 12 good

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years on the table

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the

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are yours that we could get and they

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research shows that they could that they

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would be yours largely free of chronic

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disease heart a heart disease cancer and

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diabetes we think the best way to get

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these missing yours is to look at the

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cultures around the world that are

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actually experiencing them areas where

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people are living to age 100 at rates up

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to 10 times greater than we are areas

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where the life expectancy is an extra

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dozen years and the rate of middle-aged

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mortality is a fraction of what it is in

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this country we found our first blue

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zone about 125 miles off the coast of

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Italy on the island of Sardinia and not

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the entire eye on the islands about 1.4

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million people but only up in the

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highlands an area called the Norrell

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province and here we have this area

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where men live the longest about ten

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times more centenarians than we have

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here in America and this is a place

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where people not only reach age 100 they

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do so with extraordinary vigor places

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where 102 year olds still ride their

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bike to work chop wood and can beat a

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guy 60 years younger than them in their

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history actually goes back to about the

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time of Christ it's actually a Bronze

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Age culture that's been isolated because

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the land is so infertile they're largely

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Shepherds which occasions regular low

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intensity physical activity their diet

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is mostly plant-based accentuated with

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foods that they can carry into the

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fields they came up with an unleavened

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whole-wheat bread called nota música

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made out of durum wheat a type of cheese

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made from grass-fed animals so it's hot

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the cheeses high in omega-3 fatty acids

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instead of omega-6 fatty acids from

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corn-fed animals and a type of wine that

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has three times the level of polyphenols

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than any known wine in the world

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it's called Cana now but the real secret

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I think lies more in the way that they

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organize their society and one of the

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most salient elements of the Sardinian

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society is how they treat older people

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you ever notice here in America social

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equity seems to peak at about age 24

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just look at the advertisement here in

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Sardinia the older you get the more

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equity you have the more wisdom you're

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celebrated for you go into the bar

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sardinia instead of seeing the Sports

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Illustrated swimsuit calendar you see

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the centenarian of the month calendar

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this as it turns out is not only good

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for your aging parents to keep them

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close to the family it imparts about

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four to six years of extra life

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expectancy research shows it's also good

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for the children of those families who

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have lower rates of mortality and lower

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rates of disease that's called the

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grandmother effect we found our second

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Blue Zone on the other side of the

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planet about eight hundred miles south

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of Tokyo on the archipelago of Okinawa

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Okinawa is actually 161 small islands

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and in the northern part of the main

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island this is ground zero for world

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longevity this is a place where the

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oldest living female population is found

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it's a place where people have the

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longest disability free life expectancy

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in the world they have what we want they

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live a long time and tend to die in

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their sleep very quickly and often I can

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tell you after sex they live about seven

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good years longer than the average

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American five times as many centenarians

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as we have in America one-fifth the rate

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of colon and breast cancer big killers

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here in America and 1/6 the rate of

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cardiovascular disease and the fact that

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this culture has yielded these numbers

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suggest strongly they have something to

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teach us what do they do once again a

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plant-based diet full of vegetables with

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lots of color in them and they eat about

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eight times as much tofu as Americans do

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more significant than what they eat it's

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how they eat it they have all kinds of

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little strategies to keep from

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overeating which as you know is a big

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problem here in America a few of the

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strategies we observe they eat off of

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smaller plates they tend to eat fewer

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calories at every city instead of

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serving family style where you can sort

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of mindlessly eat as you're talking they

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serve at the counter put the food away

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and then bring it to the table they also

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have a three thousand-year-old addicts

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which i think is the greatest sort of

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diet suggestion ever invented is

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invented by Confucius and that diet is

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known as the Hara Hachi Bou diet it's

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simply a little saying these people say

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before

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to remind them to stop eating when their

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stomach is 20 percent full it takes

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about a half hour for that full feeling

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to go travel from your belly to your

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brain and by remembering to stop at 80

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percent it helps keep you from doing

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that very thing but like Sardinia

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Okinawa as a few social constructs that

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we can associate with longevity we know

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that isolation kills 15 years ago the

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average American had three good friends

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we're down to one and a half right now

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if you were lucky enough to be born in

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Okinawa you were born into a system

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where you automatically have a half a

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dozen friends with whom you travel

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through life they call it a moai and if

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you're in my you're expected to share

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the bounty if you if you encounter luck

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and if things go bad a child gets sick a

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parent dies you always have somebody who

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has your back this particular moai these

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five ladies have been together for

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ninety seven years their average age is

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a hundred and two typically in America

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we've divided our adult life up into two

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sections

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there's our work life where we're

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productive and then one day boom we

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retire and typically that is meant

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retiring to the easy-chair or going down

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to Arizona to play golf in the Okinawan

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language there's not even a word for

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retirement instead there's one word that

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imbues your entire life and that word is

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iki guy and roughly translated it means

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the reason for which you wake up in the

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morning and for this 102 year-old Crotty

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master his iki guy was carrying forth

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this martial art for this 100 year old

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fisherman it was continuing to catch

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fish for his family three times a week

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and this is a question with the National

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Institute on Aging actually gave us a

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questionnaire to give these centenarians

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and one of the questions they were very

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culturally astute two people put the

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questionnaire one of the questions was

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what is your iki guy instantly knew why

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they woke up in the morning for this

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hundred and two year old woman or iki

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guy was simply her great-great-great

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granddaughter

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two girls separated an age by a hundred

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and one and a half years and I asked her

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what it felt like

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to hold a great-great-great

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granddaughter and she put her head back

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and she said it feels like leaping into

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heaven I thought that was a wonderful

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thought my editor at Geographic wanted

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me to find America's Blue Zone and for a

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while we looked on the prairies of

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Minnesota where actually there's a very

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high proportion of centenarians but

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that's because all the young people left

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so we turned to the data again and we

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found America's longest-lived population

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among the seventh-day adventists

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concentrated in and around Loma Linda

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California Adventists are conservative

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Methodists they celebrate their Sabbath

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from sunset on Friday till sunset on

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Saturday 24-hour sanctuary and time they

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call it and they follow five little

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habits that convey some extraordinary

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longevity comparatively speaking in

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America here life expectancy for the

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average woman is 80 but for an Adventist

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woman their life expectancy is 89 and

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the difference is even more pronounced

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among men who are expected to live about

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11 years longer than their American

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counterparts now this is a study that

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followed about 70,000 people for 30

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years

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sterling study and I think it's

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supremely illustrates the premise of

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this Blue Zone project this is a

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heterogeneous community it's white black

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Hispanic Asian the only thing they have

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in common

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our set of very small lifestyle habits

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that they follow ritualistically for

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most of their lives they take their diet

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directly from the Bible Genesis chapter

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1 verse 26 where God talks about legumes

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and seeds and on one more stands about

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green plants ostensibly missing his meat

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they take the sanctuary in time very

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serious for 24 hours every week no

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matter how busy they are how stressed

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out they are at work where the kids need

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to be driven they stop everything and

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they focus on their God your social

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network and then

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hardwired right in the religion our

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nature walks and the power of this is

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not that it's done occasionally the

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power is it's done every week for a

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lifetime none of its hard

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none of it cost money Adventists also

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tend to hang out with other Adventists

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so if you go to an Adventist party you

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don't see people swollen Jim Beam or

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rolling a joint instead they are talking

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about their next nature walk exchanging

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recipes and yes they pray but they

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influence each other in profound and

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measurable ways this is a culture that

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has healed and Ellsworth Wareham

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Ellsworth Wareham is 97 years old he's a

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multi-millionaire yet when a contractor

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wanted six thousand dollars to build a

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privacy fence he severed that kind of

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money I'll do it myself so for the next

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three days he was out shoveling cement

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and hauling poles around and predictably

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perhaps on the fourth day he ended up in

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the operating room but not as the guy on

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the table the guy doing open-heart

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surgery at 97 he still does 20

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open-heart surgeries every month and

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Rawlings 103 years old now an active

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cowboy starts this morning with the swim

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and on the weekends he likes to put onto

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boards

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throw up rooster tails and then Marge

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dat on marge is a hundred and for her

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grandson actually lives in the Twin

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Cities here she starts your day with

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lifting weights she rides her bicycle

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and then she gets in a rootbeer colored

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1994 Cadillac Seville and tears down the

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San Bernardino freeway where she still

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volunteers for seven different

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organizations I've been on 19 hardcore

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expeditions I'm probably the only person

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you'll ever meet who rode his bicycle

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across the Sahara Desert without

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sunscreen but I'll tell you there was no

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adventure more harrowing than riding

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shotgun with Marge Jetton a stranger's a

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friend I haven't met yet you'd say to me

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so what are the common denominators in

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these in these three cultures what are

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the things that they all do and we

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managed to boil it down to

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nine fact we've done two more blues on

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expeditions since this and these combin

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in denominators hold true and the first

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one and I'm about to utter a heresy here

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none of them exercise at least the way

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we think of exercise instead they set up

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their lives so that they're constantly

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nudged into physical activity these

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hundred-year-old Okinawa and women are

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getting up and down off the ground they

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sit on the floor 30 or 40 times a day

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Sardinians live in vertical houses up

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and down the stairs every trip to the

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store or to church or to the friend's

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house occasions a walk they don't have

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any conveniences there's not a button to

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push to do yard work or house war if

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they want to mix up a cake they're doing

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it by hand that's physical activity that

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burns calories just as much as going

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down the treadmill does when they do do

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intentional physical activity it's

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things they enjoy they tend to walk the

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only proven way to stave off cognitive

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decline and they all tend to have a

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garden they know how to set up their

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life in the right way so they have the

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right outlook each of these cultures

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take down to downshift the Sardinians

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pray the seventh-day adventists pray the

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Okinawans have this ancestor veneration

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but when you're in a hurry or stressed

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out that triggers something called the

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inflammatory response which is

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associated with everything from all

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higher Alzheimer's disease to

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cardiovascular disease when you slow

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down for 15 minutes a day you turn that

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inflammatory state into a more

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anti-inflammatory state they have

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vocabulary for sense of purpose a key

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guy like the Okinawans you know the two

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most dangerous years in your life are

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the year you're born because of infant

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mortality and the year you retire if

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people know their sense of purpose and

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they activate it in their life that's

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worth about seven years of extra life

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expectancy

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there's no longevity diet instead these

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people drink a little bit every day not

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a hard sell to the American population

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they tend to eat a plant-based diet

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doesn't mean they don't eat meat but

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lots of beans and nuts and they have

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strategies to keep from overeating

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little things that nudge them away from

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the table at the right time and then the

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foundation of all this is how they

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connect

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they put their families first take care

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of their children and their aging

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parents they all tend to belong to a

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faith-based community which is worth

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between four and fourteen extra years of

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life expectancy if you do it four times

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a month and the biggest thing here is

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they also belong to the right tribe they

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were either born into or they

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proactively surrounded themselves with

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the right people we know from the

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Framingham studies that if your three

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best friends are obese there's a 50%

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better chance that you'll be overweight

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so if you hang out with unhealthy people

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that's going to have a measurable impact

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over time instead of here if your

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friends idea of recreation is physical

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activity bowling or playing hockey or

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biking or garni if your friends drink a

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little but not too much and they eat

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right and they're engaged and they're

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trusting and trustworthy that is going

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to have the biggest impact over time

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diets don't work no diet in the history

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of the world has ever worked for more

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than two percent of population exercise

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programs usually start in January

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they're usually done by October when it

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comes to longevity

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there is no short-term fix and a pill or

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anything else but when you think about

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it your friends our long-term adventures

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and therefore perhaps the most

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significant thing you can do to add more

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years to your life and life to your

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years thank you very much

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you

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相关标签
LongévitéMode de vieAlimentationSantéSardaigneOkinawaAdventistesSociétéCultureCentenaires
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