62_apt.Novitaria Br Sembiring,M.Farm_Real Teaching_Minyak Atsiri Farmakognosi

Summary

In this micro-teaching session, pharmacist Novi introduces the topic of essential oils, focusing on their definition, classification, and extraction methods. The lesson explores how essential oils are derived from various plant parts like roots, leaves, and flowers, using methods such as distillation, cold pressing, and enfloration. The class discusses the therapeutic and cosmetic uses of essential oils, including their role in treating mental health issues like depression. The session concludes with a presentation on a research journal exploring hydrodistillation methods for extracting essential oil from red ginger, highlighting the best extraction time for optimal quality.

Takeaways

• 😀 The session is conducted by pharmacist Novi and focuses on micro teaching related to essential oils.
• 😀 The main topic of the lecture is essential oils, including their definition, classification, and extraction methods.
• 😀 The learning outcomes for the students include understanding how to select and determine secondary metabolites in medicinal plants that are effective as herbal medicinal products.
• 😀 Essential oils are aromatic compounds that provide therapeutic benefits, including promoting relaxation and treating conditions such as depression and anxiety.
• 😀 Different plant parts (roots, leaves, flowers, etc.) are used to produce essential oils, and these parts have varying characteristics that influence the extraction method.
• 😀 Various extraction methods for essential oils include distillation, pressing, organic solvent extraction, and enfloration.
• 😀 Distillation is commonly used with water or steam to extract essential oils, with the steam helping to push the oil into a condenser for collection.
• 😀 Pressing is used for softer plant parts like orange peels, where essential oils are released under pressure.
• 😀 Enfloration is used to extract essential oils from flowers, such as jasmine or roses, by using cold fat to absorb the oils.
• 😀 The optimal extraction method depends on the characteristics of the plant part used and can also involve variations in extraction time, as demonstrated in a research study on red ginger essential oil.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the 11th meeting in the lecture?

The main topic of the 11th meeting is about essential oils, including their definition, classification, and extraction methods.

What are the learning outcomes for the students in this lecture?

The learning outcomes are for students to be able to select and determine the secondary metabolites of medicinal plants that are effective as herbal medicinal products.

What is an essential oil, according to the lecture?

An essential oil is an aromatic compound that emits a fragrance, which can be used for relaxation and has medicinal properties.

Can you provide an example of a condition that can be treated using essential oils?

Essential oils can be used to treat mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, as they help with relaxation.

What part of the plant is typically used to produce essential oils?

Different parts of the plant can be used to produce essential oils, such as roots, leaves, flowers, seeds, and skins. The characteristics of each part affect the extraction method used.

Why are extraction methods different for various plant parts?

Extraction methods differ because the plant parts vary in characteristics, such as hardness or softness. For example, flower petals are soft, while cinnamon bark is hard.

How do the properties of plant parts affect essential oil extraction?

Harder plant parts like cinnamon bark require different extraction methods compared to softer parts like flower petals or fruit skins, which are easier to extract.

What are some types of compounds found in essential oils?

Essential oils contain various compounds like monoterpenes (with 10 carbon atoms), sesquiterpenes, phenols, alcohols, and esters, each contributing to the oil's characteristics.

What are the four primary methods of essential oil extraction discussed in the lecture?

The four primary methods of essential oil extraction are distillation, pressing, using organic solvents, and enfloration with cold fat.

How is the distillation method used to extract essential oils?

In the distillation method, steam is used to heat the plant material, causing the essential oil to evaporate and condense in a separate container, where it is collected and separated from the water.

What is the process of cold pressing in essential oil extraction?

Cold pressing involves applying pressure to plant parts like orange peel to release the essential oil without using heat.

What is the enfloration method, and which type of plants is it used for?

Enfloration is a method used for extracting essential oils from delicate flowers like jasmine and roses. In this process, fat absorbs the essential oil from the flowers over time.

What was the main finding in the group’s research on hydrodistillation for extracting red ginger oil?

The research concluded that the best distillation time for extracting red ginger oil was 4 hours, which yielded the highest immersion and best quality oil according to SNI standards.

How does the duration of distillation affect the quality of essential oils?

The duration of distillation affects the yield and quality of essential oils. For example, the 4-hour distillation time produced the best results in terms of immersion and quality.

What is the significance of using SNI standards in the research on red ginger oil?

SNI standards were used to assess the quality of the red ginger oil. These standards help determine the oil's color, aroma, and other properties, ensuring it meets specific quality criteria.

Why is it important to match the extraction method to the characteristics of the plant material?

Matching the extraction method to the plant's characteristics ensures the most efficient and effective extraction of essential oils, optimizing the yield and maintaining the quality of the oil.