Medical Terminology - The Basics - Lesson 3

Summary

This video provides an in-depth look at medical terminology, focusing on conditions, processes, and various modifiers. It covers prefixes and suffixes like 'anti' (counteracting), 'pro' (inducing), 'fibro' (fiber), and 'thrombo' (clot), and their usage in medical terms. The lesson also explains condition modifiers related to digestion, pain, fever, and urination, as well as process modifiers indicating disease, time, and anatomy. The video concludes with practice examples to reinforce the concepts learned, helping viewers solidify their understanding of medical terminology.

Takeaways

• 😀 Medical terminology is crucial for understanding medical conditions and processes.
• 😀 Key condition modifiers include terms like 'anti' (against or relieving) and 'pro' (before or promoting).
• 😀 Understanding cellular modifiers like 'fibro' (fiber) and 'thrombo' (clot) helps in grasping medical terms related to cells and tissues.
• 😀 Condition modifiers like 'dysphagia' (difficulty eating) and 'polydipsia' (excessive drinking) describe symptoms related to ingestion and fluid intake.
• 😀 The suffix '-algia' is commonly used to describe pain, as seen in 'myalgia' (muscle pain) or 'cephalalgia' (head pain).
• 😀 Terms like 'hyperglycemia' (high blood sugar) and 'hypoglycemia' (low blood sugar) are important for understanding blood sugar-related conditions.
• 😀 'Nosocomial' refers to infections acquired in a hospital setting, while 'iatrogenic' refers to conditions caused by medical treatments or procedures.
• 😀 Modifiers such as 'steno' (narrowing) and 'necros' (death) describe conditions that affect organ structure or function.
• 😀 Electrolyte imbalances, such as 'hyperkalemia' (high potassium) or 'hypokalemia' (low potassium), are critical in medical diagnostics.
• 😀 The importance of prefixes and suffixes like 'genesis' (origin or development) and 'genic' (producing) aids in understanding the causes and processes of conditions.

Q & A

What does the prefix 'anti-' in medical terminology mean?

The prefix 'anti-' means opposed to, contracting, or relieving. It refers to something that counteracts or reduces another process, such as in the terms 'antibodies' or 'anti-inflammatory.'

How does the prefix 'pro-' differ in its meanings?

'Pro-' can mean before or proceeding, as in progenitor cells, but it can also mean inducing or promoting something, such as in the term 'pro-inflammatory,' which refers to inducing inflammation.

What does the suffix '-blast' refer to in medical terminology?

The suffix '-blast' refers to a progenitor cell or a stem cell. It indicates a cell that is involved in the formation or development of another cell, such as in 'fibroblast' (a cell that produces fibers).

What condition is indicated by the term 'dysphagia'?

'Dysphagia' refers to a condition where there is difficulty in eating or swallowing, as 'phagia' means to eat or consume.

What is the meaning of 'polydipsia' in medical terms?

'Polydipsia' refers to excessive drinking or an abnormally high intake of fluids, as 'dipsia' refers to drinking.

What is 'ptosis,' and which part of the body does it affect?

'Ptosis' refers to the drooping or lowered position of an organ, commonly used in reference to the eyelid, where it is called 'blepharoptosis.'

What does the suffix '-algia' indicate?

The suffix '-algia' refers to pain. Examples include 'myalgia' (muscle pain) and 'cephalalgia' (head pain).

What is the difference between 'pyrexia' and 'pyrogenic'?

'Pyrexia' refers to a fever or elevated body temperature, while 'pyrogenic' refers to something that causes or produces a fever.

How do the terms 'hyperkalemia' and 'hypokalemia' differ?

'Hyperkalemia' refers to a high level of potassium in the blood, while 'hypokalemia' refers to a low level of potassium in the blood.

What is the significance of the term 'nosocomial' in medical terminology?

'Nosocomial' refers to a disease or infection that is acquired in a hospital setting. It typically applies to infections that occur after a patient has been admitted.