Penyearah AC ke DC dengan DIODE penyearah gelombang penuh dengan Trafo CT.

Summary

This video explains the workings of a full-wave rectifier using diodes and a center-tapped transformer. It covers the principle behind converting AC to DC voltage, demonstrating the efficiency of full-wave rectification in delivering smoother and more continuous output. Key concepts such as voltage and current calculations, advantages, and practical applications (e.g., battery chargers, power supplies for low-power electronics, and DC motors) are explored. The video emphasizes the importance of understanding theory and performing proper calculations for designing an effective power supply. While efficient, full-wave rectifiers require careful component selection for optimal performance.

Takeaways

• 😀 Full-wave rectifiers require two diodes and a center-tapped transformer to work effectively.
• 😀 The phase difference between the two supply points of a transformer is 180°, which allows the rectifier to combine half-wave outputs into a full wave.
• 😀 The full-wave rectifier offers smoother DC output by utilizing both halves of the AC cycle, improving efficiency and reducing ripple.
• 😀 The peak voltage in a full-wave rectifier is calculated by subtracting the diode voltage drop (e.g., 0.7V) from the input AC voltage.
• 😀 To calculate the DC voltage, multiply the peak voltage by 0.637 (for silicon diodes).
• 😀 The current flowing through the circuit is calculated using Ohm's law by dividing the DC voltage by the load resistance.
• 😀 Power (W) is calculated by multiplying the DC voltage by the current flowing through the circuit.
• 😀 Full-wave rectifiers are more efficient than half-wave rectifiers because they take advantage of both halves of the AC signal.
• 😀 The disadvantages of full-wave rectifiers include complexity (two diodes and a center-tapped transformer) and potential noise in sensitive applications like audio systems.
• 😀 Full-wave rectifiers are used in practical applications such as battery chargers, power supplies for small devices, DC motor maintenance, and LED lights.
• 😀 Proper design and calculations are essential to match the voltage, current, and power requirements of the load and ensure optimal performance in full-wave rectifier circuits.

Q & A

What is a full-wave rectifier?

A full-wave rectifier is a type of electrical circuit that converts both halves of an AC signal into DC, using two diodes and a center-tapped transformer to achieve this effect.

Why are two diodes required for a full-wave rectifier?

Two diodes are used to rectify both halves of the AC signal. One diode conducts during the positive half-cycle and the other during the negative half-cycle, effectively doubling the output frequency.

What is the role of the center-tapped transformer in a full-wave rectifier?

The center-tapped transformer provides two output voltages, 180 degrees out of phase with each other, which are needed for the full-wave rectification process.

How does the voltage output from a full-wave rectifier compare to a half-wave rectifier?

The output of a full-wave rectifier is smoother and has higher average DC voltage compared to a half-wave rectifier, which only uses one half-cycle of the AC signal.

How is the DC voltage calculated in a full-wave rectifier circuit?

The DC output voltage is calculated as approximately 0.637 times the peak voltage (V_max) minus the diode drop (0.7V). For example, with a 24V peak input, the DC voltage would be around 14.8V.

Why is the full-wave rectifier more efficient than the half-wave rectifier?

The full-wave rectifier is more efficient because it uses both halves of the AC signal, thereby reducing the ripple and increasing the output power. In contrast, a half-wave rectifier only uses one half-cycle, wasting half of the energy.

What is the peak voltage in a full-wave rectifier circuit?

The peak voltage (V_max) in a full-wave rectifier is the maximum value of the AC input voltage, minus the forward voltage drop across the diodes (typically 0.7V for silicon diodes).

What are the main disadvantages of a full-wave rectifier?

The main disadvantages include the need for a center-tapped transformer and the higher complexity of the circuit compared to a half-wave rectifier. Additionally, full-wave rectifiers are not suitable for all applications, such as audio systems where a stable voltage is crucial.

How can the current in a full-wave rectifier circuit be calculated?

The current is calculated by dividing the DC voltage by the load resistance. For example, if the DC voltage is 14.8V and the load resistance is 24 ohms, the current would be 0.6A.

What are some common applications of full-wave rectifiers?

Full-wave rectifiers are used in various applications, including battery chargers, power supplies for low-power electronic devices, DC motor maintenance, and relay-based control systems.