VASCULARIZAÇÃO DO ABDOME - Parte 2 - Tronco Celíaco e ramos

Summary

This video lecture introduces the anatomy of the abdominal aorta and its branches, specifically focusing on the celiac trunk. It covers key arteries like the left gastric, hepatic, and splenic arteries, and their roles in vascularizing abdominal organs such as the stomach, liver, and pancreas. The lesson includes details on smaller branches like the gastroduodenal and pancreatic arteries, illustrating their importance in supplying blood to critical areas. The video emphasizes understanding the anatomy, beyond just memorizing artery names, and encourages further reading for better comprehension.

Takeaways

• 😀 The abdominal aorta begins at the aortic hiatus and ends in front of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4).
• 😀 The first major trunk arising from the abdominal aorta is the celiac trunk, which supplies various important abdominal organs.
• 😀 The celiac trunk gives rise to three main arteries: the left gastric artery, the common hepatic artery, and the splenic artery.
• 😀 The left gastric artery supplies blood to the lesser curvature of the stomach and gives off esophageal branches.
• 😀 The common hepatic artery has a length of about 2.5 cm and divides into the gastroduodenal artery and the hepatic proper artery.
• 😀 The hepatic proper artery branches into the right hepatic artery (which supplies the gallbladder) and the left hepatic artery.
• 😀 The gastroduodenal artery supplies the pancreas and contributes to the stomach’s vascularization through the pancreaticoduodenal artery.
• 😀 The gastro-omental artery, arising from the gastroduodenal artery, supplies the greater curvature of the stomach.
• 😀 The right gastric artery, originating from the hepatic proper artery, communicates with the left gastric artery, forming an anastomosis.
• 😀 The splenic artery gives rise to the gastro-omental artery (left) and short gastric arteries, which supply the stomach's greater curvature and fundus.
• 😀 The splenic artery also sends branches to the pancreas, including the dorsal and magna pancreatic arteries, which irrigate the body and tail of the pancreas.

Q & A

What is the origin and termination of the abdominal aorta?

The abdominal aorta originates at the **hiatus aortic** and terminates at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4).

What is the significance of the celiac trunk in abdominal vascularization?

The celiac trunk is a major arterial branch from the abdominal aorta and gives rise to important arteries that supply the stomach, liver, spleen, and pancreas.

What are the main branches of the celiac trunk?

The celiac trunk gives rise to three main arteries: the **left gastric artery**, the **common hepatic artery**, and the **splenic artery**.

What is the function of the left gastric artery?

The left gastric artery supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach and sends branches to the esophagus.

What arteries arise from the common hepatic artery?

The common hepatic artery gives rise to the **gastroduodenal artery**, which further branches into the **superior pancreaticoduodenal artery** and the **gastro-omental left artery**.

What is the role of the gastroduodenal artery?

The gastroduodenal artery supplies the stomach and pancreas. It gives rise to the **superior pancreaticoduodenal artery** and the **gastro-omental left artery**.

How does the hepatic artery contribute to the liver?

The hepatic artery provides blood to the liver and further divides into the **right hepatic artery** (supplying the right lobe) and the **left hepatic artery** (supplying the left lobe).

What is the function of the splenic artery?

The splenic artery supplies the spleen and gives rise to the **gastro-omental left artery**, **short gastric arteries** (supplying the fundus of the stomach), and several branches to the pancreas.

What is the significance of the anastomosis between the left and right gastric arteries?

The left and right gastric arteries communicate (anastomose) to ensure a continuous blood supply to the stomach, particularly along its lesser curvature.

What does the term 'pancreaticoduodenal' refer to in this context?

The term 'pancreaticoduodenal' refers to arteries that supply the pancreas and duodenum. The **superior pancreaticoduodenal artery**, which arises from the gastroduodenal artery, is one example, supplying the head of the pancreas.