Make it Stick - P. Brown, M.McDaniel & H.Roediger III [Mind Map Book Summary]
Summary
TLDRВ этом видео мы рассматриваем 'Make it Stick: The Science of Successful Learning'. Авторы делятся стратегиями, которые помогут вам лучше учиться и запоминать информацию. Отбросив общие методы изучения, такие как повторное чтение и массовые тренировки, представлены эффективные, но не интуитивные техники, основанные на исследованиях. В частности, рассматривается важность затруднений для усвоения, ретроспективного изучения и развития умений с использованием динамического тестирования. Также затрагивается влияние уверенности в собственную способность на успех в обучении.
Takeaways
- 📚 «Make It Stick» - книга о том, как улучшить способность запоминать и применять новое знание.
- 🧠 Основные методы обучения, которыми пользуются многие, часто неэффективны и не научные.
- 🔄 Самое эффективное средство - это повторное извлечение информации из памяти, так называемый эффект тестирования.
- 📈 Практика с интервалами и повторением укрепляет знания и формирует сильные нейронные связи в мозге.
- 🤔 Для глубокого обучения необходимо уделять внимание сложным и вызывающим интерес упражнениям, а не простому повторению.
- 🌐 При обучении важно строить связи между новым материалом и тем, что уже известны, для более прочного запоминания.
- 👨🏫 Объяснение новых знаний другим - отличный способ усилить свои собственные понимание и запомнить информацию.
- 📉 Тесты могут быть неполными в оценке потенциала, так как отражают только текущий уровень знаний в определенный момент времени.
- 🌱 Важно развивать устойчивый рост знаний и умений, а не сконцентрироваться на одном промежуточном результате.
- 💡 Уверенность в собственных способностях и рассмотрение умений как развивающихся, а не фиксированных, существенно влияет на успех в обучении.
- 🔧 Избегать негативной саморазговорки и перепрограммировать мозг позитивными уверениями о собственных возможностях.
Q & A
Что означает фраза 'Make it stick' в контексте видео?
-Фраза 'Make it stick' относится к научным методам успешного обучения, о которых говорится в книге, чтобы информация, которую вы изучаете, оставалась в вашей памяти надолго и была доступна для использования.
Какие общие проблемы с обучением автор видео находит в общих практиках?
-Автор видео указывает на то, что многие из общепринятых методов обучения, такие как повторное чтение и массовая практика, не являются оптимальными и не дают долгосрочных результатов.
Что такое 'тестовая эффективность' или 'эффект ретриевальной практики'?
-Этот эффект описывает, как практика повторного извлечения информации из памяти улучшает процесс обучения и делает его более запоминательным и долговременным, в отличие от простого повторения материалов.
Почему простое повторение текста или практики не является эффективным методом обучения?
-Этот метод создает иллюзию свободы и освоения, но на самом деле не закрепляет информацию надолго, так как не требует усилий и не формирует сильных нейрональных связей в мозге.
Какое сравнение автор видео использует для объяснения важности ретриевальной практики?
-Автор использует аналогию с кранберри, которые нужно за系ить на нить, чтобы они не ускользнули с другой стороны, что иллюстрирует процесс закрепления информации в памяти через повторное извлечение.
Что означает термин 'желание научиться' и как он связан с обучением?
-Термин 'желание научиться' относится к мотивации и уверенности в себе, что вы можете достичь своих целей в обучении, что влияет на вашу способность к усвоению и применению знаний.
Какое влияние у убеждения о собственной способности на процесс обучения?
-Убеждение в собственной способности, таком как 'рост mindset', стимулирует индивидов к более активному изучению, извлечению уроков из ошибок и к стремлению к постоянному совершенствованию.
Почему автор видео считает, что многие люди не используют наилучшие стратегии обучения?
-Автор полагает, что многие люди используют интуитивные методы обучения, которые они выучили в детстве или на протяжении своей жизни, но которые не всегда находятся в соответствии с научными методами, определенными исследованиями.
Чем отличается 'динамичный тест' от 'статических тестов' и как он помогает в обучении?
-Динамичный тест определяет состояние опыта учащегося и фокусируется на повышении производительности в слабых областях, предлагая последующие тесты для измерения прогресса, в отличие от статичных тестов, которые дают только статичный отчет о знаниях на определенном этапе.
Какое значение имеет самообучение и самоанализ для успешного обучения?
-Самообучение и самоанализ помогают индивидуам лучше понимать свои сильные и слабые стороны, настраивать свои методы обучения и стремиться к постоянному совершенствованию, что в итоге увеличивает их общую способность к усвоению и применению знаний.
Outlines
📚 Введение в 'Make It Stick'
В этом параграфе представлен обзор книги 'Make It Stick: The Science of Successful Learning', которая раскрывает, почему обычные методы изучения часто неэффективны и предлагает научные стратегии для более глубокого и долгосрочного обучения. Автор подчёркивает, что многие традиционные подходы к изучению, такие как повторное чтение и массовая практика, создают иллюзию освоения, но на самом деле не способствуют длительному запоминанию. Вместо этого, предлагается использовать нестандартные, но эффективные методы, основанные на результатах исследования, чтобы улучшить способность к обучению и запоминанию.
🧠 Иллюзия свободы и неэффективность традиционных методов
Автор рассматривает распространённые методы изучения, такие как повторное чтение и массовая практика, как иллюзорно эффективные. Они приводят к ощущению свободы в изучении, но на самом деле не способствуют глубокому пониманию и долгосрочному запоминанию. Вместо этого, предлагается отказаться от этих методов и начать использовать техники, которые вынуждают мозг работать более усердно, например, через повторное извлечение информации из памяти, что усиливает нейральные связи и обеспечивает более длительное сохранение знаний.
🤔 Важность извлечения информации и 'Desirable Difficulties'
В этом параграфе подчёркивается, что извлечение информации из памяти является ключевым механизмом для более глубокого и долгосрочного обучения. Этот процесс, называемый 'тестовым эффектом' или 'эффектом извлечения', требует повторных и распределённых сеансов, чтобы укрепить знания в мозге. Также автор упоминает 'желательные трудности' (desirable difficulties), которые делают процесс обучения более сложным, но в то же время более эффективным для формирования долгосрочных нейральных путей.
🏌️♂️ Приём 'Криковые шары' и его значение для обучения
Аналогия с криковыми шарами используется для объяснения важности повторного извлечения информации из памяти. Каждый раз, когда мы извлекаем знания, мы укрепляем их, делая их более стабильными и доступными для дальнейшего использования. Автор также рассматривает разницу между обучением для краткосрочной памяти и обучением для долгосрочной памяти, подчёркивая необходимость развития более глубоких навыков для успешной практики в жизни и бизнесе.
🧐 Элаборатно и его роль в глубоком обучении
Элаборатно - это процесс, при котором новые знания приобретают смысл, связывая их с уже имеющейся информацией. Этот параграф подчёркивает, что элаборатно не только увеличивает понимание и запоминаемость новых материалов, но и не имеет предела в том, сколько можно выучить. Автор рекомендует использовать элаборатно для преодоления иллюзии 'полного мозга' и для создания более сильных связей в памяти.
📝 Тестирование и его значение для развития экспертизы
Автор обсуждает концепцию динамического тестирования, предложенную Sternberg и Greg Anko, как альтернативу статичным тестам, которые не могут точно оценивать нашу способность. Динамические тесты позволяют определить текущий уровень знаний, сфокусировать обучение на слабых сторонах и измерить прогресс. Также упоминается концепция 'настроения на рост', введённая Carol Dweck, которая подчёркивает, что уверенность в собственных способностях и готовность к изменению являются ключевыми для успешного обучения и развития.
💡 Самообразование и его влияние на успех
В заключительном параграфе автор подчёркивает, что вера в свои способности является основным фактором успеха в обучении. Он упоминают о важности положительной самоголоски и мотивации, которые влияют на обучаемость и способность к достижению целей. Автор предлагает бесплатную сессию тренировки для зрителей, которые дочитали до конца видео, чтобы поделиться своими методами по установке целей, избеганию прокрастинации и самодисциплине.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡успешное обучение
💡эмпирические исследования
💡флюэнс
💡извлечение
💡желание знания
💡уровень компетенции
💡развитие умений
💡погружение в учебу
💡мотивация
💡фиксированная модель ума
Highlights
The book 'Make It Stick: The Science of Successful Learning' aims to help people remember and apply what they learn more effectively.
Many common study techniques are not as effective as believed and may be based on misconceptions rather than empirical evidence.
Effective learning strategies are often counterintuitive and require effortful engagement rather than passive consumption of information.
The Testing Effect, or retrieval practice, is a powerful tool for solidifying learning and should be repeated and spaced out over time.
Fluency in learning is achieved through effortful processes and is not the same as familiarity, which can be misleading.
Desirable difficulties, such as challenging oneself with random practice, can lead to more robust and long-lasting learning.
Elaboration, or connecting new information to prior knowledge, is a limitless way to expand one's learning capacity.
Teaching what you've learned to someone else is a highly effective method for reinforcing your own understanding and memory.
Mind maps can be an effective tool for recalling and organizing information, as well as for self-testing.
The belief in one's ability to learn and grow, known as a growth mindset, is crucial for overcoming challenges and improving performance.
Negative self-talk can hinder learning, and it's important to be aware of and reprogram this internal dialogue.
Dynamic testing, which involves identifying weaknesses and focusing on improvement, is a more effective measure of learning potential than static tests.
Learning should not be seen as a one-time event but as a continuous process that can be enhanced with the right strategies and mindset.
The video offers a free coaching session for those interested in learning more about goal setting, finding purpose, and overcoming procrastination.
The presenter emphasizes the importance of implementing the strategies discussed in the video for long-term learning and success.
The video concludes with the presenter expressing gratitude for viewers' engagement and participation throughout the entire video.
Transcripts
hello my mappers and welcome to the
video today we're going to be going over
make it stick
the science of successful learning if
you're the type of person that reads a
book watches a video listens to a
podcast and there were a ton of great
points in there but you just can't seem
to remember or take action on those
points this book is going to be perfect
for you we're not only going to go over
why that happens but we're going to go
over a few different techniques to make
that information stick and with that
we're gonna dive directly into the
introduction I pulled out a quote from
the book that I think gives us a good
overview of what we can expect to learn
and it goes like this people generally
are going about learning the wrong ways
empirical research into how much we
learn and remember shows that much of
what we take for gospel about how we
learn turns out to be largely wasted
effort even college and medical students
whose main job is learning rely on study
techniques that are far from optimal at
the same time this field of research
which goes back 125 years but has been
particularly fruitful in recent years
has yielded a body of insights that
constitute a growing signs of learning
highly effective evidence-based
strategies to replace less effective but
widely accepted practices that are
rooted in theory lower in intuition so
how much of what we're doing while we're
learning is actually just things that we
learned when we were in childhood things
that we picked up along the way but
isn't actually science backed isn't
actually evidence back probably a lot of
it but here's the catch the most
effective learning strategies are
actually not intuitive this is a book
about what people can do for themselves
right now in order to learn better and
remember longer while much remains to be
known about learning in its neural
underpinnings of large body of research
has yielded principles and practical
strategies that can be put to work
immediately at no cost in to great
effect and I think that's really what
we're talking about here is using these
techniques as a really great leverage
point right you can make small changes
in the way that you're learning and the
way that you're studying in the way that
you're reading listening
watching and it's going to make a huge
difference in your ability to remember
and ultimately implement those pieces of
information that you were trying to
learn and so everyone wants to learn
better and remember longer especially if
you're watching these YouTube videos
that's probably one of your number one
aims in life now there is some thirst
for knowledge in all the people that are
watching this video some of you want to
learn maybe or that will make your life
better in some way or at least that's
kind of what you think how much time are
you actually spending learning if you're
watching these YouTube videos reading
books listening to books listening to
podcasts most of us are probably
spending at least a few hours a day and
that adds up to quite a lot of our lives
so what would it be like if you had the
strategies that would help you learn
more and remember longer so that you can
actually get some benefit from some of
those hours that you're spending over a
lifetime you would probably save years
of your life maybe even get the
promotion succeed in a business or
accomplish your life goals a heck of a
lot faster the strategies in this book
are proven not only by the scientists
but I've tested them myself but they're
not easy watching videos listening to
audio books and simply reading for the
joy of reading is easy but learning
sometimes requires hard mental work
that's what we're going to talk about
today and I guess that's why I started
with why this is important it's so
important to learn these techniques to
use these techniques because it's going
to drastically cut your time to success
down and with that we're gonna talk a
little bit about mind mapping you can
get the most out of these mind maps by
actually following along find the
process of how I my map plus all of the
mind maps available on this YouTube
channel including this one at the link
down below following along with these
mind maps is going to help you learn
more remember better and apply these
books to your life and our first big
idea is about fluency learning is deeper
and more durable when it's effortful
remember we talked it's going to be a
little difficult learning that's easy is
like writing in
it's here today and it's gone tomorrow
we are poor judges of when we're
learning and when were not when the
going is harder and slower
it doesn't feel productive we are drawn
to strategies that feel more fruitful
unaware that the gains from these
strategies are often temporary Reedy
rereading text and massed practice of a
skill or new knowledge are by far the
preferred study strategies of learners
of all different stripes but they're
also among the least productive by
massed practice we mean the
single-minded rapid-fire repetition of
something you're trying to burn into
your memory the practice practice
practice of conventional wisdom cramming
for exams is an example rereading and
mass practice give rise to feelings of
fluency that are taken to be signs of
mastery but true mastery or durability
these strategies are largely a waste of
time so this is really what we're mostly
doing we're reading once we're reading
twice we're kind of going over the
points and trying to commit them to
memory and it gives us this illusion of
fluency so the question to ask is how
fluent are you really on a certain topic
turns out that we're not that good at
estimating this when we reread something
it gives us a feeling of familiarity
that often masks as fluency but when it
comes time to take action on a certain
piece of information we need to be
fluent and not familiar especially in
the business world in the career world
we need to be fluent and what we need to
know in order to perform well at our job
or at in our business we can't just be
familiar with the information we need to
know it off by heart so that's why
fluency is important let's say your job
is simply to make decisions and that's
what most high paying jobs are actually
doing is making a bunch of little
decisions throughout the day often
you'll need to make those decisions
quickly with their time to reference
materials that you once read being
familiar with the topic can give you a
false sense of security that you
understand it and that leaves you open
to making decisions on actually bad
information or misremembering of the
information that you once knew
so how do we ensure that we're actually
fluent well start by throwing away most
of the common study practices that we're
using nowadays and that's really where
we're getting started we need to know
that most of the things that we're doing
are giving us this illusion of fluency
this familiarity that feels like fluency
it feels better than what we're doing a
little bit later on in the mind map but
it's not going to stick
so rereading a particular text is not
going to help cramming the night before
a test is not the best way to go about
it especially if you want to remember
this stuff for a lifetime taking the
same practice test over and over again
is simply not helping you learn anything
then we're gonna add of course some of
the practices inside this book these
practices end up being more energy and
attention demanding they're more
difficult but they lead to real brain
changes versus temporary learning and I
guess I want to talk about real brain
changes versus this temporary learning
real brain changes are what it takes in
the real world of business of career of
life in general you need to actually
know something in the real world and
often when we're in college and
university we can feel like we just have
to remember something for a day and in
the real world that's simply not the
truth our next big idea is called
Cranberries a child stringing
Cranberries on a thread goes to hang
them on a tree only to find they've
slipped off the other end without the
knot there's no making a string with it
the knot there's no necklace
there's no beaded purse no magnificent
tapestry retrieval ties the knot for
memory retrieval ties the knot for
memory repeated retrieval
snugs it up and adds a loop to make it
fast today we know from empirical
research that practicing retrieval makes
learning stick far better than re
exposure to the original material does
this is the testing effect also known as
the retrieval practice effect to be most
effective retrieval must be repeated
again and again and spaced out sessions
so that the recall rather than becoming
a mindless recitation requires some
effort repeated recall appears to help
memory consolidate into a cohesive
representation in the brain and to
strengthen and multiply the neural roots
by which the knowledge can later be
retrieved so what are we talking about
here we're talking about essentially
going back into your memory and trying
to find that piece of information that
you learned once upon a time and we'll
talk a little bit more about that in a
second here but that's what retrieval
means so if you're looking to learn
something obviously you need to retrieve
the information and ideally you need to
do it again again at a spaced interval
the first strategy that will employ when
trying to learn a new subject is this
retrieval strategy so retrieval or
remembering what you've listened to
watched or read with it reference this
action syncs up the knot of learning I
really like this analogy of The
Cranberries on the string it's like if
you don't have if you don't retrieve it
then you've got all these cranberries
which are the things that you've learned
they just slide right off the end if you
tie the one knot then you have a good
necklace for of cranberries and then if
you cinch it up time after time after
time you can make it so that that
cranberries will never fall off the
other end so each time you retrieve
something it gets just a little bit
tighter and a little bit tighter so how
might that work when you're reading a
book close the book and try to actually
remember what you just learned when
you're watching a video pause the video
and try to remember what the main points
were for example what was the main point
that we did right before cranberries
what did we talk about
right before the cranberries a lot of
you are probably having trouble
remembering just the last point and
that's I guess one of the ideas here is
that often when we know that we don't
need to retrieve a piece of information
we will just let it flow in and flow
right back out but when we know we're
going to be tested afterwards we know
we're going to need to retrieve
something then we are actually forced to
pay deeper attention maybe you're
learning from a mentor after the session
you've spent $100 $200 $500 to talk to
this mentor for an hour and what you do
is you talk to them you don't prepare
before you go in
you talk to them for an hour and then
you go away and you basically forget
everything that they said what you
should be doing is not only preparing
which is not really what we're talking
about but also you have to go over the
conversation in your head pick out all
of the small things that they said that
you didn't notice in the moment but pull
them out go over it in your head again
anyways let's give it a try what are the
three main points that we've learned so
far in this video what does the
introduction mean what does the fluency
mean and what does The Cranberries mean
if you have the mind map you can follow
along with that of course but I would
recommend even if you don't have the
mind map to just go over in your head
what does the introduction point that we
talked about mean what does the fluency
point mean and what does the main point
of The Cranberries mean that's one of
the reasons why mind mapping is so
effective by the way is because you have
to kind of recall everything that is in
each one of these collapsed nodes here
it's a really great way to go about it
and you can just pull it up and open it
and you can then figure out if you're
right or not
so our first gold point which is one of
the ones that I think is the most
effective in the entire book is about
curveballs when the baseball players at
Cal Poly practiced a curveball after
curveball over 15 pitches it became
easier for them to remember the
perceptions and responses they needed
for that type of pitch the look of the
ball spin how the ball changed direction
and how fast it Direction changed how
long to wait for it to curve performance
improved but the growing ease of
recalling those perceptions in responses
led to little thurible learning it is
one skill to hit a curveball when you
know a curveball will be thrown it is a
different skill to hit a curveball when
you don't know it's coming baseball
players need to build the ladder skill
and I would say that we need to build
the ladder skill in life in business in
our careers but they often practice the
former which being a form of massed
practice builds performance gains on
short-term memory and you get much
better much quicker but you're not
really getting that lasting effective
learning
it was more challenging for the Cal Poly
bad Cal Poly batters to retrieve the
necessary skills when practice involves
random meeting that challenge
made the performance gains painfully
slow but also long lasting short-term
impediments make for stronger learning
this is desirable difficulties in the
book how to learn that we've done on
this channel we talk a lot about
creating desirable difficulties in your
own learning process when we're learning
something new we often want to make the
process as easy as possible and that's
just the way that the human mind is it
doesn't want to spend very many calories
if it doesn't have to today outside of
school this looks like learning via
YouTube or following a step-by-step
process you do for me is an amazing tool
of course I loved YouTube but just
because we've been able to follow a
video doesn't mean we know a thing and
especially if this is kind of something
in your day job you've done a particular
you have a particular skill and you
follow a video and you get that thing
done it doesn't no mean you actually
know how to get that thing done you will
probably have to pull up the same video
again when you do it again so this opens
an interesting line of thinking when do
we need to know something and when do we
need to actually just get something done
when do we need to practice curve balls
because we need to get them done or when
do we need to actually know how to
distinguish between what type of pitch
it's going to be I often think this is
like think of this like a programmer
would so if you have to do it twice it's
better to write some code to do it so if
you're just doing something once don't
bother to take the time to learn it
deeply or practice it in a more
difficult less tutorial video type way
it's just not a good investment in your
time if you only plan to do something
once don't take the time to learn it
from scratch or to actually implement
some of these tools and techniques that
we're talking about here today but if
you're planning to do it more than once
it will be worth it to implement some of
these techniques to learn the thing
deeply and more long term perhaps by
learning it deeply you'll spot something
that you might not have actually spotted
otherwise maybe there's in a more
efficient way to do the task it could be
a business opportunity maybe
just straight up isn't necessary for you
to do perhaps you could create a product
or service from the task and add it to
your offerings in your business so what
does this look like actually in the real
world instead of practicing something
via repetition we want to make that
thing more difficult often we'll watch a
video of how to do something
step-by-step just by following along
with the video
we're just shutting off the video and
starting from scratch when I first
started my advertising business I wanted
to learn everything from scratch I
learned graphic design copywriting paid
advertising split testing landing page
building offer creation and email
marketing and many different variations
of all the software that facilitates
those things even if I wasn't going to
be the best person to do it long term it
gave me the most comprehensive look into
everything we did at the company which
is invaluable long term so now when I'm
kind of at the batter's plate in a
client or one of the people that I work
with ask me a question it's not just a
curveball that I know how to hit it
could be it could be a completely
different type of pitch I need to know
the answer to all of those different
types of pitch so we need to know all of
these skills very deeply to be able to
answer competently so for me that's an
invaluable skill I learned each one of
these things from scratch and I tested
it over and over and over again and I
did these things from memory I did them
by myself
I didn't pay someone else to do them I
didn't automate the process for a lot of
these things in the beginning simply
because I knew that I needed to know how
all of those things worked and I think
that's something that we really can get
into because I think with a lot of big
companies we can find ourselves just
following a process and not knowing the
thing from scratch we've we kind of go
step by step by step by step and we know
what the steps are but we don't know why
each one of those steps is important so
that's something that you can think
about when building your own company is
you have to know why each one of these
steps is important so that you can make
changes to the process of the business
long term so our next point is about
full brain in a cartoon
the farside cartoonist Gary Larson a
bug-eyed school kid asks his teacher
mrs. Osborne can I be excused
my brain is full I've definitely felt
like that myself if you're just engaging
in mechanical repetition it's true you
quickly hit the limit of what you can
keep in mind however if you practice
elaboration there is no known limit to
how much you can learn elaboration is
the process of giving new material
meaning by expressing it in your own
words and connecting it with what you
already know the more you can explain
about the way your new learning relates
to your prior knowledge the stronger
your grasp on the new learning will be
and the more connections you create that
will help you remember it later so if
your brain is feeling full take some
time to explain what you're learning to
someone else this for me has been an
absolute super power developing a
practice of teaching what I learned is
incredibly helpful my ability to make
connections between content has
skyrocketed my recall ability has also
increased dramatically
but these videos give me feedback on how
clear my explanations are I believe that
if you can't explain something in a
basic way then you probably don't know
it well enough reddit has this section
called explain like I'm 5 where the
expert takes complex topics and breaks
them down into simple terms I sometimes
visit that to get inspiration and of
course to learn new things I think that
this explain like I'm five concept is so
good when we're learning something
because we can explain it to a friend a
family member to air we can explain it
to a video and it really just increases
our recall ability like Matt it really
is one of the best techniques that I've
ever learned is pretending like I'm
teaching this information to someone
else not only is it going to help you
after you get the information but it's
gonna help you while you take the
information you're going to pull out
only the information that you feel is
important so that's very good as well I
think it's best to teach in whatever
medium you feel most comfortable with
first there's no need to learn something
new while you're trying to teach
for me it was mind maps I was doing them
anyways now I just turn on the
microphone but for you it could be
through note-taking it could be talking
out loud it could be teaching it to a
friend or creating a super in-depth
Hollywood level documentary on it it's
completely up to you there's so many
different ways to teach the information
not all of them have to be public you
can just teach them to yourself again if
you need to you can teach them to a
friend or a family member if they would
be interested in the topic but really I
think this is one of the best ways
teaching it to someone else or at least
acting as if you have to teach it to
someone else helps you pull it the only
the most important information and
explain it in a simple way that's going
to make it much easier for you to
remember and make your brain not get
full next we're gonna talk about testing
Sternberg concept of developing
expertise holds with the continued
experience in a field we are always
moving from a lower state of competence
to a higher one his concept also holds
that standardized tests can't accurately
rate our potential because what they
reveal is actually limited to a static
report of where we are in the learning
continuum at the time the test is given
in tandem with Sternberg's three-part
model of intelligence he and Greg anko
have proposed a shift away from static
tests in replacing them with what's
called dynamic testing determining the
state of one's experience refocusing
learning on areas of low performance
follow-up testing to measure the
improvement into refocused learning so
as to keep raising expertise
thus a test may assess a weakness but
rather than assuming that weakness
indicates a fixed inability you can
interpret it as a lack of skill of
knowledge or knowledge that can be
remedied so this isn't something that I
really want to dive into a ton during
this mind map except for just the one
thing people sometimes feel that they
weren't good on tests or in a particular
subject in school so that they aren't
capable in that subject or on that test
actually I wasn't even that good in
school at least until the stakes were
high enough when I was in when I was in
college and I had to pay money to go to
school
I was very good in school then the
stakes were high enough it made sense
for me to put all my effort into it but
as I pointed out here the test is more
about where you are in a particular
point in time it's not about your true
ability your true innate ability and
Carol Dweck's amazing book mindset dives
more into this and I've done a review of
that on the channel I recommend that you
check it out I'll leave a link for it
down below but I just wanted to stop and
say this sometimes make us doubt our
abilities and we shouldn't because they
only show us one particular point in
time they show us where we're at on the
continuum of learning and we have
nothing but the ability to continue to
increase our ability our final point is
about that book mindset by Carol Dweck
let's return to the old saying if you
can or you think you can't you're right
it turns out that there's more truth
here than wit so we've all heard it
before if you think you can or you think
you can't you're right attitude counts
for a lot the study studies of
psychologists Carol Dweck have gotten
huge attention for showing just how big
an impact one simple conviction can have
on learning and performance this belief
that your level of intellectual ability
is not fixed but rests to a large degree
in your own hands the wex research has
been triggered by her curiosity over why
some people become helpless when they
encounter challenges and fail at them
whereas others respond to failure by
trying new strategies and redoubling
their effort so there's really those two
types of people there's the fixed
mindset which is they become helpless or
the growth mindset where they start
trying new strategies in redoubling the
effort she found that a fundamental
difference between the two responses
lies in how a person attributes their
failure those who attribute their
failure to their own ability I'm not
intelligent become helpless those who
interpret failure as a result of
insufficient effort or ineffective
strategy dig deeper and try different
approaches so if we want to increase our
abilities first we should change our
mind what are your thoughts about your
own ability this is something important
to keep in mind but
so something that we often ignore most
of us have this running track of
self-talk in her mind and a lot of it is
negative Cara pointed in her book just
how much of that is hindering our
ability so how might we overcome this
negative self-talk well inside this book
what you say when you talk to yourself
what to say when you talk to yourself
dr. shad Helmstetter gives us a great
process and that book is also on this
channel I'll leave a link for it down
below but first you need to be aware of
this negative self-talk you need to
catch yourself in the act next you need
to know that it's not inherently true
because you quote-unquote are saying it
finally you need to reprogram it through
using self-talk to your advantage again
check it that mind map that I did on
that book if you want to learn a little
bit more it's a really great mind map a
great concept but there we have it do
you want to know what I think is the
number one factor and learning ability
just the belief that you can do it yes a
lot of my coaching clients come to me
for help with procrastination mindset
plays a huge part here too and I plan to
do a whole video just on this but
motivation is a function of wanting
something and believing that you can
achieve it and with that I'm gonna leave
you with the make it stick book thanks
for being with me here today and just
for making it to the end of the video I
want to offer you something that I'm not
going to offer up to everyone I want to
thank you for being with me all the way
until the very end and if you're
interested in a free coaching session
there's a link down below I want you to
click on it and book a time and what
we're going to do is walk you through my
process for keeping myself on track for
setting goals discovering my purpose and
keeping away procrastination I hope to
see you there
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