EPA 1132 A MODEL FOR TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

Summary

This video explores the concept of technology assessment, highlighting its role in evaluating the potential consequences of new technologies. It delves into the historical context, from the environmental concerns of the 1960s to the modern complexities of technological systems and societal impact. The script emphasizes the importance of mapping both positive and negative effects of technology, from first-order to third-order consequences. It also discusses the control dilemma and the evolving field of constructive technology assessment, which aims to steer technological development in socially desirable directions. Ultimately, it highlights the need for public engagement and careful consideration of risks and benefits.

Takeaways

• 😀 Technology Assessment emerged from concerns about the harmful effects of technology, especially environmental damage caused by pesticides, as highlighted by Rachel Carson in her book 'Silent Spring'.
• 😀 Technology assessment provides a way to systematically evaluate the potential consequences of new technologies on society, environment, and the economy.
• 😀 The model for technology assessment includes identifying the problem technology aims to solve, forecasting technology impacts, and using methods like social and environmental impact assessments.
• 😀 Technology assessment has evolved from a purely scientific activity to one that is more socially embedded, aiming to guide societal debates and decision-making about technology.
• 😀 The relationship between science, technology, and society is complex, with technological development influenced by societal values, interests, and rules, making it difficult to control or predict.
• 😀 Technology development occurs within regimes or systems that include actors such as users, regulators, and institutions, which can limit the flexibility and adaptability of technological systems.
• 😀 Technology development often leads to unintended consequences, which can be classified as first-order (intended), second-order (unexpected), and third-order (the effects of the unintended consequences).
• 😀 The control dilemma refers to the challenge of managing technology in its early stages, when its effects are hard to foresee, versus later stages, where more information exists but fewer choices can be made.
• 😀 Technology assessment aims to identify and analyze the second and third-order consequences of new technologies and guide their development in socially responsible ways.
• 😀 The concept of 'constructive technology assessment' involves developing technologies in consultation with social actors, such as citizens, to ensure that they meet societal needs and values.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of Rachel Carson's book 'Silent Spring'?

The primary focus of Rachel Carson's book 'Silent Spring' was to highlight the dangers of pesticides in agriculture and their harmful effects on the environment, especially the extinction of birds due to pollution.

How did Rachel Carson contribute to the environmental movement?

Rachel Carson helped found the modern environmental movement by raising awareness about the consequences of pesticide use and encouraging a more sustainable approach to human interaction with nature.

What is technology assessment and why is it important?

Technology assessment is the systematic identification, analysis, and evaluation of the potential consequences of new technology. It is important because it helps decision-makers understand both the positive and negative impacts of technology, guiding its development in socially acceptable and desirable directions.

How has the field of technology assessment evolved over time?

Technology assessment has evolved from a science and technology-driven activity into a more socially embedded activity. Initially focused on producing reports, it has shifted towards initiating societal debates and involving multiple stakeholders to better understand the dynamics between science, technology, and society.

What is the distinction between first and second-order effects in technology assessment?

First-order effects are the direct, intended consequences of a technology, such as the benefits it was designed to provide. Second-order effects, however, are unexpected consequences that can be negative or positive, like environmental damage or societal changes.

What is the control dilemma in technology development?

The control dilemma refers to the challenge of managing technology development. In the early stages, harmful consequences are hard to foresee due to lack of information, while in later stages, more information is available but the capacity to influence the technology has decreased.

Can you give an example of the control dilemma in technology history?

An example of the control dilemma is the case of leaded gasoline. While it was initially added to petrol to improve engine performance, the harmful health effects were not immediately recognized. It became difficult to remove leaded petrol from circulation once the consequences were clear.

What is the role of technology forecasting in technology assessment?

Technology forecasting is used in technology assessment to predict future technological developments and their potential impacts. It helps in understanding whether the technology being assessed is part of a larger development trajectory, with improvements likely to emerge over time.

What is constructive technology assessment, and how does it differ from traditional approaches?

Constructive technology assessment involves developing technologies in consultation with social actors, such as citizens, to ensure that technological development serves societal needs. Unlike traditional approaches, which often focus on forecasting and impact assessment, constructive technology assessment emphasizes public involvement and social debates.

What is the significance of involving social actors in technology development?

Involving social actors in technology development ensures that technologies address societal needs and concerns. It helps guide technological change in a direction that is both socially acceptable and beneficial, fostering more inclusive decision-making processes.