Teknologi Pembenihan dan Aplikasi Minapadi Ikan Kakap Putih Lates carcarifer

Summary

This video discusses the importance and potential of farming white snapper (Lates calcarifer), a highly valued fish in both local and global markets. The script covers the fish's adaptability to different salinity levels, rapid growth, disease resistance, and its suitability for aquaculture. It highlights research efforts to improve productivity, including breeding, seed production, and diversification of farming methods. The video also emphasizes the benefits of integrated rice-fish farming (minapadi), showcasing successful case studies in Bali, and the positive impact on farmers' livelihoods and environmental sustainability.

Takeaways

• 😀 White snapper (Ikan Kakap Putih) is an economically important fish with high market potential both locally and globally.
• 😀 The global demand for white snapper is still only 20% met, creating a significant opportunity for expansion in the aquaculture industry.
• 😀 White snapper can thrive in a wide range of salinities (0-45 permil), making it suitable for cultivation in freshwater, brackish, or marine environments.
• 😀 This fish species grows rapidly, accepts artificial feed, and is relatively disease-resistant, making it ideal for aquaculture.
• 😀 Breeding white snapper involves selecting broodstock from natural sources or aquaculture, with a 1:3 male-to-female ratio for spawning.
• 😀 Broodstock are maintained in concrete circular tanks with aeration systems, and spawning occurs at night, producing up to 2 million eggs per cycle.
• 😀 The eggs are collected, incubated, and hatched in specialized tanks with strict water management, leading to successful larval development.
• 😀 White snapper larvae are raised with enriched rotifers and micro-diets, with grading done to ensure uniform growth before they reach market size.
• 😀 Diversified farming methods, such as integrating white snapper cultivation with rice paddies (minapadi), improve land use efficiency and reduce pest issues.
• 😀 The minapadi system has proven economically beneficial, allowing farmers to sell both rice and white snapper, which adds to their income.
• 😀 Challenges like fish diseases, especially in higher altitudes, are mitigated through water quality management and support from fisheries extension workers.
• 😀 Ongoing research and support programs are crucial for improving farming practices, boosting productivity, and helping farmers access better markets.

Q & A

What is the significance of white snapper in both local and global markets?

White snapper is considered an important economic fish due to its strong market potential, both locally and internationally. The global demand for white snapper is only about 20% fulfilled from natural sources and aquaculture, indicating a high market potential.

What is the white snapper's physiological ability regarding salinity?

White snapper is eurihaline, meaning it can live in a wide range of salinities, from 0 to 45 parts per thousand, making it suitable for cultivation in freshwater, brackish, and marine environments.

How fast does the white snapper grow and what makes it suitable for aquaculture?

White snapper grows quickly, can accept artificial feed well, and is relatively resistant to diseases, making it an ideal fish for aquaculture.

What role does the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries play in the white snapper industry?

The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, through its research centers, focuses on increasing the productivity of white snapper, including aspects like breeding, nursery management, and aquaculture diversification.

How is the breeding of white snapper managed?

The breeding process involves using mature broodstock, which can be sourced from both wild catches or aquaculture, and breeding them in specially designed circular concrete tanks with proper aeration and water circulation systems.

What is the typical spawning behavior of white snapper?

White snapper spawns partially, with spawning periods lasting 3-4 days, typically occurring during the night, producing between 300,000 to 2 million eggs per spawn.

How are the eggs of the white snapper handled after spawning?

After spawning, eggs are collected from the egg collector tank, with quality eggs being transparent, round, and floating. These eggs can either be incubated or transferred to larval rearing tanks.

What is the process of larval rearing for white snapper?

Larvae are reared in concrete tanks with a volume of 4,000 liters, and the water is sterilized before stocking. The larvae are fed rotifers and enriched artificial feed, with a growth period of 22-25 days before reaching 0.8-1 cm in size.

What is grading and when is it applied in white snapper aquaculture?

Grading is the process of sorting fish by size to ensure uniform growth. This is done once the size difference among the larvae in a tank becomes noticeable, typically starting around day 23 of rearing.

What is 'minapadi' and how does it relate to white snapper cultivation?

Minapadi is a method of integrated rice and fish farming where white snapper is cultivated in paddy fields. This technique helps improve land productivity by combining two commodities, while also reducing pests and the need for chemical fertilizers.