Tópico frasal: o que é e como fazer? - Brasil Escola

Summary

This educational video script provides an in-depth explanation of the concept of 'tópico frasal' (topic sentence) in essay writing, focusing on its importance in structuring dissertative texts, especially for the ENEM exam. The speaker discusses various types of topic sentences, including historical references, definitions, questions, opposition, comparison, and enumeration, offering examples to illustrate each approach. The goal is to help students organize their ideas, clearly present their thesis, and structure each paragraph logically, ultimately enhancing their ability to write coherent and compelling essays.

Takeaways

• 😀 The topic sentence is the central theme of each paragraph in an essay, helping organize ideas into a coherent structure.
• 😀 In a dissertation, especially like the ENEM, each paragraph serves as a mini-essay with an introduction, development, and conclusion.
• 😀 The thesis of an essay defines the lines of reasoning that will be developed in the body paragraphs and resolved in the conclusion.
• 😀 The first paragraph in the development section typically restates a point from the thesis, with subsequent paragraphs addressing other aspects of the thesis.
• 😀 In the conclusion, instead of presenting new arguments, the writer revisits key points discussed in the body and often presents a solution or wraps up the main ideas.
• 😀 A good introduction should include a brief context or reference, such as a historical fact, to engage the reader and set the stage for the thesis.
• 😀 It is essential to differentiate between the subject of the essay and the opinion or thesis, as the topic sentence introduces the subject, while the thesis presents the writer's stance.
• 😀 Different types of topic sentences include definitions, historical references, questions, oppositions, and comparisons, each serving a unique role in structuring an essay.
• 😀 Questions in an introduction should be handled with care, particularly in the ENEM, where open-ended or rhetorical questions are less common but can still be used effectively in certain contexts.
• 😀 An opposition and comparison topic sentence juxtaposes two conflicting elements, offering a way to explore multiple perspectives within a single paragraph.

Q & A

What is the main concept of a topic sentence (tópico frasal)?

A topic sentence is essentially the theme of each paragraph in a text, particularly in a dissertative essay. It provides a clear indication of what each paragraph will focus on and helps in organizing ideas effectively within the paragraph.

Why is it important to divide a paragraph into multiple sentences, according to the speaker?

Dividing a paragraph into multiple sentences helps to organize ideas more clearly. It makes the text easier to read and understand, as each part of the paragraph can focus on a specific point: introduction, development, and conclusion.

What role does the thesis play in a dissertative essay?

The thesis presents the central argument or the main lines of reasoning that will be discussed in the essay. It guides the development of each paragraph and provides a roadmap for the text.

What is the function of the topic sentence in the introduction of an essay?

In the introduction, the topic sentence should clarify the central theme of the essay and outline the lines of reasoning that will be explored throughout the body of the essay. It often introduces the thesis and sets up the discussion.

How should the first paragraph in the development section of an essay relate to the thesis?

The first development paragraph typically revisits a topic introduced in the thesis, presenting one of the key aspects or arguments that will be explored further. This helps in reinforcing the ideas outlined in the thesis.

What is the purpose of the conclusion in a dissertative essay, and how should it be structured?

The conclusion should summarize the key points discussed in the development paragraphs. It typically revisits the thesis or the main ideas and may offer a solution or final thoughts on the topic. It does not introduce new arguments or ideas.

What is a historical reference, and why is it useful in starting an essay?

A historical reference can be a fact or event from the past that is relevant to the essay's theme. It is used in the introduction to contextualize the issue at hand and make the reader more engaged by providing a concrete starting point for the discussion.

How does the speaker differentiate between the thesis and the topic sentence in the introduction?

The speaker clarifies that while the thesis presents the main argument or perspective of the essay, the topic sentence in the introduction serves to introduce the subject and provide context. The thesis then builds upon this introduction and guides the development of the essay.

What are some types of topic sentences that can be used in an essay, according to the speaker?

The speaker discusses various types of topic sentences, including historical references, definitions, rhetorical questions, comparisons, and enumerations. Each of these types helps in introducing the topic from different angles, depending on the essay's purpose.

What is the role of enumeration in a topic sentence, and how does it benefit the development of an essay?

Enumeration lists related aspects of the theme without elaborating on them in the topic sentence. This approach sets up the framework for further exploration of each aspect in the body paragraphs, allowing for a more structured and comprehensive discussion.