What is pseudocode and how do you use it?
Summary
TLDR大家好,我是Carlos,一位来自纽约布鲁克林的网页开发者。今天我们将学习伪代码的使用和编写,并通过一个算法实例演示其应用。伪代码是用简单英语编写的程序代码的简化版本,不依赖于具体编程语言,旨在帮助程序员理解和编写代码。伪代码有助于专注于解决问题而非语言语法,便于将大问题分解为小步骤。通过FizzBuzz示例,我们展示了伪代码的编写和实际代码的转换。常见日常任务也可以用伪代码练习,如做饭或洗衣,从而提升编程逻辑思维。
Takeaways
- 😀伪代码是一种用简单英语编写的编程代码,不属于任何特定的编程语言。
- 😀伪代码是用于帮助程序员理解和编写代码的学习和推理工具。
- 😀伪代码允许程序员专注于解决问题,而不是语言的具体语法。
- 😀通过伪代码,可以将复杂问题分解为更小的可管理部分。
- 😀编写伪代码时,应使用大写字母表示关键命令,并保持缩进以明确代码块。
- 😀每行伪代码应表达一个计算机操作,并且要具体、详细。
- 😀伪代码应该简单易懂,即使是非技术人员也能理解。
- 😀编写伪代码有助于提前思考问题,避免不必要的搜索和浪费时间。
- 😀伪代码不需要严格的语法,可以根据个人习惯进行调整。
- 😀通过练习编写伪代码,可以提高编程技能,例如将日常任务转化为伪代码。
Q & A
什么是伪代码?
-伪代码是一种用简单英语编写的程序代码,在特定编程语言中实现之前的简化版本。它没有严格的语法规则,仅代表思维方式,使其对大多数人来说都易于阅读和理解。
为什么要使用伪代码?
-伪代码帮助程序员专注于解决问题,而不被具体语言的语法困扰。它允许你使用纯粹的编程逻辑来解决问题,不需要了解特定编程语言提供的内置函数。
伪代码的主要用途是什么?
-伪代码主要用于帮助程序员理解和编写代码。它作为一种学习和推理工具,使得程序逻辑在不同编程语言之间具有通用性。
编写伪代码时需要注意哪些关键点?
-编写伪代码时,应注意以下几点:保持关键字大写、每行只写一条语句、使用缩进、确保具体描述每一步操作、保持简洁。
伪代码如何帮助提高编程效率?
-伪代码可以将复杂问题分解成小的可管理部分,提前考虑问题的各个方面,避免在编码过程中频繁查找资料,从而提高编程效率。
伪代码对初学者有何帮助?
-对初学者来说,伪代码能简化编程逻辑,使他们在学习编程语言之前,先掌握解决问题的思维方式和步骤。
伪代码是否有严格的语法标准?
-伪代码没有严格的语法标准。它是一种自由的表达方式,主要目的是清晰地描述程序的逻辑步骤。
如何将日常任务转化为伪代码?
-可以将日常任务如做饭、洗衣等步骤用简单英语描述成伪代码。例如,做拉面可以写成:1. 打开包装;2. 煮沸水;3. 放入拉面煮5分钟;4. 每分钟搅拌一次;5. 倒掉水;6. 享用拉面。
什么是FizzBuzz算法?
-FizzBuzz算法是一个常见的编程练习,要求编写一个程序,输出1到20的数字,对于3的倍数输出'Fizz',5的倍数输出'Buzz',同时为3和5的倍数输出'FizzBuzz'。
如何用伪代码解决FizzBuzz问题?
-可以用以下伪代码解决FizzBuzz问题:1. 设定一个循环从1到20;2. 如果当前数能被15整除,输出'FizzBuzz';3. 如果能被3整除,输出'Fizz';4. 如果能被5整除,输出'Buzz';5. 否则,输出当前数字。
Outlines
😀 伪代码简介及应用
Carlos介绍了伪代码的概念,它是一种用简单英语表达的编程代码,不依赖于特定编程语言。伪代码是一种学习和推理工具,帮助程序员理解和编写代码。它允许程序员抽象掉语言的语法细节,专注于解决问题的逻辑。此外,伪代码有助于将复杂问题分解为更小、更易于管理的部分,并且能够预见问题,提前规划解决方案。Carlos还强调了在编程前先写伪代码的重要性,这有助于更有效地使用搜索引擎,避免浪费时间。
😉 如何编写伪代码
Carlos提供了编写伪代码的一些建议,包括使用大写字母表示关键字(如if语句),每行只写一个语句,使用缩进来区分代码块,确保具体性,以及保持简单性,避免使用过多的技术术语。他通过一个经典的编程问题'FizzBuzz'来演示如何将这些建议应用到实际中。在这个问题中,需要打印从1到20的数字,但遇到3的倍数打印'fizz',5的倍数打印'buzz',同时是3和5的倍数则打印'fizzbuzz'。Carlos展示了如何使用for循环和if语句来构建伪代码,并强调了缩进和关键字大写的重要性。
👍 伪代码的实际应用示例
Carlos通过一个实际的例子——煮拉面的步骤——来展示如何将日常生活中的任务转化为伪代码。他详细描述了从打开包装、加水、煮沸、煮面、搅拌到最终享用的整个过程。这个例子说明了伪代码不仅限于编程,也可以应用于日常生活中的各种任务,帮助人们以结构化的方式思考和规划行动。通过这种方式,伪代码的编写和理解变得更加直观和易于掌握。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡伪代码
💡语言无关
💡模块
💡条件语句
💡循环
💡缩进
💡代码块
💡具体化
💡简单性
💡FizzBuzz
Highlights
介绍什么是伪代码及其用途:伪代码是一种用简单英语编写的编程代码,在实现为特定编程语言之前使用,主要用于帮助程序员理解和编写代码。
伪代码的重要性:伪代码不是编程语言,而是一种学习和推理工具,可以帮助程序员专注于解决问题的逻辑,而不被具体语言的语法所困扰。
伪代码的语言无关性:伪代码是语言无关的,任何人都可以轻松阅读和理解其步骤。
使用伪代码的好处:伪代码抽象掉了语法细节,让你可以专注于解决当前问题的逻辑,帮助你成为更好的程序员。
伪代码帮助分解问题:伪代码有助于将大问题分解成更小的、可管理的部分,从而更好地思考和解决问题。
写伪代码的建议:伪代码没有严格的书写规范,但有一些建议,如使用大写字母写关键字、每行写一个语句、使用缩进等。
保持伪代码简单明了:伪代码应易于理解,不应包含过多技术术语,以便即使是外行或客户也能理解。
FizzBuzz问题示例:展示如何用伪代码解决经典的面试问题FizzBuzz,包括用伪代码描述和实际编写代码。
编写伪代码的步骤:先写for循环,然后写多个if条件判断,最后输出结果。
模块运算符的使用:通过模块运算符判断一个数是否能被另一个数整除,并根据条件输出相应的结果。
从伪代码到实际代码的转化:详细演示如何将伪代码转化为实际的编程代码。
学习编写伪代码的建议:多写伪代码,并将日常任务(如煮拉面、洗衣服等)转化为伪代码进行练习。
伪代码的实践:通过实践,你会找到适合自己书写伪代码的方式,并使之变得更加自然。
伪代码的灵活性:伪代码的书写没有固定格式,关键是要清晰表达逻辑。
提高编程技能:通过在Codecademy上学习,可以进一步提高编程技能和对伪代码的理解。
Transcripts
hi everyone my name is Carlos I'm a web
developer based in Brooklyn New York and
today we're gonna look into pseudocode
we're gonna see how to use it how to
write it and we're gonna look at an
example where we actually use it to
solve a coding algorithm so what is
pseudocode
well pseudocode is a simpler version of
a programming code in plain English
before it is implemented in a specific
programming language pseudocode is often
referred to as a syntactical
representation of a program and it
doesn't have a strict syntax since it
only represents the way we're thinking
so it should leave very little for the
imagination so it's readable for most
people one of the most important keys to
understand about pseudocode is that it's
not a programming language it's actually
a learning and reasoning tool used to
help programmers understand and write
code so it's language agnostic it's
something that you're right that is not
an actual code in any programming
language but that if anyone were to read
it it would be very clear to what is
happening or what steps are being taken
so what pseudo code actually enables us
to do is to grab a simple set of
instructions that are written in plain
English and eventually translate that
into a program that can be executed now
there are a few other reasons why we
would use pseudocode for starters
pseudocode abstracts away syntax to let
you focus on solving the problem in
front of you so instead of getting
bogged down in the exact syntax of a
language pseudocode allows you to work
almost impure programming logic this way
you don't actually have to know what
exact built-in functions a programming
language provides you can simply write
down in plain English what it is you're
trying to do so why else use pseudocode
well some people can visualize the
entire solution to an algorithmic
problem in their mind while others may
find it difficult to come up with a
solution without having to first write
it down somewhere in general pseudocode
won't do any harm if not any good it
essentially helps us break down large
problems into smaller manageable pieces
through this running pseudocode allows
you to think through a problem with some
foresight and lets you anticipate
important questions before they arise
this is possible because they're
breaking down something into multiple
steps oftentimes when faced with
problems a common gutter
action is to jump straight into Google
but there are ways of googling that are
helpful and some that are actually
counterproductive so if you turn to
Google before thinking you're not
actually thinking like a programmer so
if you don't take time to write
pseudocode and think through the details
of the project you'll end up googling in
an efficient way
you'll end up wasting time so in the
short term even though you're writing
pseudocode might feel like you're taking
two steps back to go one step forward it
is actually saving some time and
headaches along the way and breaking
things down with pure programming logic
and then googling or research and what
you need to look for will essentially
help you in becoming a better programmer
so now let's go ahead and see how to
actually write pseudocode and then we'll
solve an algorithm together now
pseudocode doesn't have a strict
systematic way or standard way of being
written so don't think of these as rules
think of these as more suggestions on
how to get started writing pseudocode so
for starters you may need to capitalize
Kumasi will remain in the actual code so
if you're using if statements for
example it's important to keep those if
statements in capital letters this makes
it easier to create code blocks and
actually spots some of the logic next
step is to actually stick to writing one
statement per lime so each statement in
your pseudocode should express just one
action for the computer in most cases if
the task list is properly drawn then
each task will correspond to one line of
pseudocode another really important one
is to use indentation so using white
spaces between blocks of text will help
keep different components of your
pseudocode isolated and indenting
different pieces of each block will
indicate that those pieces of pseudocode
go under a less indented section you
also want to make sure you're being
specific so everything that is happening
in the process must be described
completely pseudocode statements are
close to simple English statements and
will be very easy for the person who's
reading it if you're actually being
specific and detailed for each step
lastly you want to keep things simple
don't write pseudocode in a complete
programmatic manner it is necessary to
be simple to understand even for a
layman or a client so don't incorporate
too many technical terms and make things
overly complex
okay so now that we have an idea of how
to write pseudocode let's go ahead and
take a look at an algorithm and start
writing our own pseudocode and solution
with it so this is a classic interview
question and coding challenge that is
very popular and you might have seen
before
it's called fizzbuzz so here are the
instructions for fizzbuzz what we're
gonna do is we're gonna write a short
program that prints each number from 1
to 20 on a new line for each multiple of
3 we're gonna print fizz instead of the
number for each multiple of 5 we're
gonna print Buzz instead the number and
four numbers which are multiples of both
3 & 5 we're gonna print fizzbuzz instead
of the number okay so let's get started
so I'm using Chrome here and I'm using
my dev tools console in order to
actually solve the problem I've also
copied and pasted the instructions so
it's easier to break down what exactly
we're gonna be doing okay so first thing
I notice is that we're gonna be running
a program that produces a set of 20
different values so this looks like a
perfect situation for a for loop so we
know a for loop is written with three
optional expressions so the first one
will be the initialization expression so
we're gonna be sending out the counter
to one then we're going to add a
condition for the counter to actually
break with and lastly we're gonna add a
final expression which will be the
incrementation number so once we have
our for loop created we let's look back
at the problem where you have about four
different conditions we're gonna be
working with this means within our for
loop we're gonna have four different if
statements that actually give out
different results depending on the
number we're on so once we have our for
loop here let's make sure we are also
using indentation so let's get started
with our first conditional now if we
want to check if a number is divisible
by another number we can use our
remainder operator called modulo so we
use modulo on a number and it returns
zero which means that remainder is zero
it means that it was actually divisible
by that number and in one of the cases
were actually checking if a number is
divisible by both multiples of three and
five if so we're gonna print fizzbuzz so
in order to make this short and sweet we
can actually just check if it's modulo
15 if its remainder is zero then
it's true and we can just print fizzbuzz
from there so I'm gonna keep some of the
key commands in capital letters like my
if and mod and I'm going to use some
indentation under my if statement to
make sure that there's a code block and
within that if statement so for the next
conditional we want to check if the
number is divisible by three so else if
number mod three is equal to zero then
we're going to be printing this after
that we want to check if the number is
divisible by five and we're going to be
printing buzz for that one so you can
see I'm basically following the same
kind of pattern here it's non following
a strict rigid syntax but it kind of
keeps the capital letters for the key
commands and I'm keeping indentation to
make sure that there's a code block
within each statement and for the last
conditional which indicates that it is
not divisible by any of those numbers 3
5 or 15 we're simply going to print the
number as is and there you go that is
essentially our pseudo code so once our
pseudo code is completed it's fairly
easy to actually translate this to code
if you actually have the steps pretty
detailed and and laid out for you so I'm
going to scroll this further down a
little bit and I'm actually going to
zoom out so we can see or pretty much
what we're writing here
so let's start out with our for loop
here and we know that the for loop will
start with the number 1 we'll keep going
until it's less than or equal to 20 and
we'll be incrementing it by 1 let's make
sure the first if statement is added so
we want to check if I is modulo and we
use a percentage operator for this one
is equal to 0 and if that's true we're
going to actually console.log fizz buzz
or close that if statements or write the
second one so we want to check if the
number is modulo 3 is equal to zero if
so we're going to
console.log fizz then we want to check
if the number is divisible by five so i
modulo five equals zero we want to print
buzz for the capital b and lastly you
simply have to print the number itself
which is i will close that up close up
the for loop and here you go we have the
results here I'll zoom out a little
further so you can see you can see all
the numbers that are multiples of three
are printed out as fizz all the numbers
that are multiples of 5 are buzzed and
the numbers that are multiples of 3 and
5 which is 15 only here is fizzbuzz now
the more you write pseudo-code the more
you will find a way to write at them
each sense to you specifically and
running good pseudocode that makes sense
to you is simply a matter of practice so
what is some way you can actually
practice in your everyday life
so let's take a look at cooking ramen as
pseudo-code well with cooking ramen the
first thing you would do is open the
packet then you might feel a pot with
water then you might bring the water to
a boil before putting the ramen in for 5
minutes then you'll stir the ramen once
every minutes and then after 5 minutes
you drain the water before you actually
enjoy it so you can turn everyday tasks
for example doing laundry or cooking
something else going out to a store and
purchasing coffee into pseudocode and
this will help you basically write
pseudocode in a way that makes more
sense to you so hopefully this gave you
a better understanding on how to write
pseudocode and how to use it they go for
watching join the conversation by
subscribing to this channel or drop in a
comment below and if you want to take
your skills to the next level start
learning on Codecademy today
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