STEM : Praktikum Adaptasi dan Seleksi Alam

Summary

In this video, the presenter, Widyaningsih, leads a biology class on an experiment focused on evolution, adaptation, and natural selection using STEM principles. Students are tasked with analyzing the scientific, technological, engineering, and mathematical aspects of the process. The experiment involves measuring a grass field, mixing various colored materials, and observing how they are selected by a 'predator' over time. Key questions guide students in exploring how traits impact survival and adaptation in nature. The experiment encourages critical thinking about evolution and selection, culminating in a report and video documentation of their findings.

Takeaways

• 😀 Introduction to the lesson on evolution, adaptation, and natural selection with STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) integration.
• 😀 Explanation of the experiment's goal: demonstrating natural selection and its process using various materials.
• 😀 Overview of the analysis groups for STEM: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.
• 😀 Science group focus: learning about evolution, adaptation, and natural selection phenomena.
• 😀 Technology group focus: using tools like the internet, stopwatch, and YouTube for learning and documentation.
• 😀 Engineering group focus: designing experimental models to represent natural selection processes.
• 😀 Mathematics group focus: calculating the number of species, their survival rates, and other quantitative factors.
• 😀 List of required materials for the experiment, such as paper pieces, leaves, bamboo, stopwatch, and other items.
• 😀 Detailed procedure for the experiment, including setting up the field, mixing the materials, and collecting data on the surviving items.
• 😀 Important data collection steps: counting the pieces of material (paper, leaves) collected and calculating the remaining materials after each trial.
• 😀 Encouragement to document the experiment in a report and upload a video to YouTube, following the proper format and sharing results.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the practical activity discussed in the script?

The main topic of the practical activity is the study of adaptation and selection through the lens of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), focusing on the concept of natural selection and its impact on evolution.

What are the key objectives of the practical activity in the script?

The key objectives include proving the occurrence of natural selection, teaching students about evolution, adaptation, and the phenomena of natural selection, and applying STEM principles in the process.

What materials are needed for the practical activity?

The materials include 50 pieces of white paper (half cm²), 50 pieces of green leaves (half cm²), 50 pieces of dry leaves (half cm²), 50 pieces of colored flowers (half cm²), 4 pieces of bamboo or wood (15-20 cm long), 5 meters of raffia rope, and a stopwatch or phone for timing.

What steps are involved in the practical experiment?

The steps involve measuring a 1 m² grass area, marking boundaries with bamboo or rope, mixing and scattering the paper, leaves, and flowers, collecting them for one minute, counting the collected items, repeating the process, and calculating the number of items remaining and collected after each trial.

How are the collected data recorded during the experiment?

The collected data is recorded in a table where the dominant color of the field, the number of items scattered, and the number of collected items in each trial are noted, alongside the count of remaining items.

What does the term 'adaptation' refer to in this experiment?

In this experiment, 'adaptation' refers to how certain colors or types of materials blend better with their environment, making them less likely to be collected by predators, thus demonstrating a survival advantage.

Which color of material is most likely to be collected in the experiment, and why?

The color most likely to be collected is the one that contrasts with the environment. For example, if the grass is green, white or brightly colored materials will be more visible and thus collected more frequently.

What is the role of natural selection in this practical activity?

Natural selection is demonstrated by the varying visibility of the materials (paper, leaves, flowers), which influences their likelihood of being 'eaten' by predators. The materials that blend with the environment are less likely to be selected, simulating how natural selection works to favor certain traits.

What can students learn about the relationship between adaptation and evolution from this activity?

Students can learn how natural selection promotes the survival of traits best suited to an organism’s environment. The experiment shows how adaptive traits increase an organism's chances of survival, which over time may lead to evolutionary changes.

How does the activity incorporate STEM principles into the learning process?

The activity integrates STEM principles by using science to observe evolutionary processes, technology to research and document findings, engineering to design and conduct the experiment, and mathematics to calculate species counts and compare data across trials.