Kimia Industri - Proses Pembuatan Minyak Kelapa Sawit (Bag.2 Diagram Alir Proses)

Summary

In this video, Pak Yoga explains the detailed process of producing palm oil. It covers the entire flow, from the initial weighing and sorting of palm fruit to sterilization, separation, and pressing to extract oil. The process involves several stages, including filtration, purification, drying, and further refining of the oil. The byproducts, such as fiber and shells, are also processed for energy generation. The video offers an in-depth look at the steps involved in palm oil production, highlighting the technological methods used to separate, refine, and optimize both the oil and the waste materials.

Takeaways

• 😀 The process of palm oil production starts with weighing and sorting the fruit to assess quantity and quality.
• 😀 After sorting, the fruit is loaded and sterilized using a pressure vessel that boils the fruit to prepare it for the next steps.
• 😀 The sterilized fruit is then separated from the bunches in a threshing machine using a special tool called a 'separate tracer.'
• 😀 The fruit is shredded in the digester, allowing the flesh to be separated from the seeds.
• 😀 The fruit flesh is pressed in a screw press or prepress to extract oil, separating it from the pulp and seeds.
• 😀 The oil undergoes a sedimentation process to remove impurities before being filtered through a vibrating screen to remove fibers and debris.
• 😀 The filtered oil is heated and transferred to a Continuous Settling Tank (CST) to separate any remaining sludge.
• 😀 The oil is purified, dried under vacuum to remove moisture, and stored in a two-story tank for further processing.
• 😀 The seeds and shells, after oil extraction, are processed separately by using wind separation and a colloidal solution to clean and separate them.
• 😀 Cleaned seeds are dried and stored in a Kernel Silo, ready for distribution to customers.
• 😀 Remaining fiber and shells are burned in a furnace to generate heat, which is then used by the factory's boiler to produce steam for power generation.

Q & A

What is the first step in the palm oil production process?

The first step is weighing and sorting the palm fruits to determine their quantity and quality.

What happens to the palm fruits after they are weighed and sorted?

The palm fruits are loaded and transported to the sterilizer for steam sterilization.

How are the palm fruits sterilized?

The palm fruits are sterilized through a steaming process in a pressurized vessel.

What is done to the sterilized fruit after it is removed from the sterilizer?

The sterilized fruits are transported to the threshing area, where the fruitlets are separated from the bunch using a threshing machine.

What is the purpose of the digester in the palm oil production process?

The digester is used to crush or mash the fruitlets, allowing the fruit pulp to be released from the seeds.

What happens to the fruit pulp after it is processed in the digester?

The fruit pulp is then pressed in a screw press or prepress to separate the oil from the pulp and seeds.

How is the oil extracted from the pressed pulp?

The oil is separated from the pulp by applying pressure in the screw press, yielding both oil and a solid residue (cake).

What is done with the oil after it is extracted?

The oil is passed through a vibrating screen to remove impurities like dust, fibers, and other debris.

How is the oil purified after filtration?

The oil is heated to 90-95°C to remove excess water, then passed through an oil purifier for further refinement.

What happens to the leftover fibers and seeds from the oil extraction process?

The leftover fibers and seeds are processed further, with fibers being used for combustion to produce heat and steam, while the seeds undergo separation and cleaning for use in other products.