UNGGAH UNGGUH BASA - BELAJAR BASA KRAMA DENGAN MUDAH

Summary

The transcript discusses the use of Javanese language etiquette, particularly the different levels of speech in Javanese culture. It explains the distinctions between 'ngoko' (informal) and 'krama' (formal) language, which are used depending on the status of the people involved in a conversation. The levels of speech include 'ngoko lugu' (simple informal), 'ngoko alus' (polite informal), 'krama lugu' (simple formal), and 'krama inggil' (highly formal). Through examples, it highlights how language can reflect respect and hierarchy in Javanese society, with a focus on the usage in different contexts like speaking to elders, peers, and students.

Takeaways

• 😀 The lesson begins with a greeting in Javanese and focuses on language politeness levels.
• 😀 The script explains the concept of 'unggah-ungguh', which refers to the rules of politeness in the Javanese language.
• 😀 There are four main levels of Javanese politeness: Ngoko Lugu, Ngoko Alus, Krama Lugu, and Krama Inggil.
• 😀 Ngoko Lugu is informal and used when speaking to friends, children, or peers.
• 😀 Ngoko Alus is a more respectful form of Ngoko, used when addressing older individuals or in less formal contexts.
• 😀 Krama Lugu is formal and used to speak to elders or in more respectful situations, such as academic settings.
• 😀 Krama Inggil is the highest level of formality, typically used when addressing people of higher status or in very formal situations.
• 😀 The lesson emphasizes that using Krama Inggil in the wrong context, such as with peers or younger people, is considered impolite.
• 😀 The script provides examples of how each level of speech is used in everyday conversations, with sample phrases for clarity.
• 😀 The speaker encourages students to understand the context and relationship between speaker and listener to use the correct level of politeness.

Q & A

What is the focus of the transcript?

The focus of the transcript is on explaining the different levels of the Javanese language, specifically Ngoko and Krama, and how these levels reflect social hierarchies and respect when conversing with others.

What is Ngoko Lugu in Javanese?

Ngoko Lugu is the informal and simple level of the Javanese language, typically used in conversations among peers, close friends, or when speaking to children. It is characterized by direct and casual speech.

How does Ngoko Alus differ from Ngoko Lugu?

Ngoko Alus is a more polite form of Ngoko, used in slightly more formal or respectful situations, such as when speaking to elders or acquaintances. It involves using more refined vocabulary, though it is still informal compared to Krama.

What does Krama Lugu refer to in Javanese?

Krama Lugu is a polite but still somewhat informal form of Javanese used when addressing people in a respectful manner, but not in a highly formal context. It is often used in the middle ground of social interactions.

What is the difference between Krama Lugu and Krama Inggil?

Krama Lugu is a polite language level used in mid-level formal interactions, while Krama Inggil is the highest level of Javanese, reserved for addressing elders or people of higher status. Krama Inggil uses the most formal and respectful vocabulary and expressions.

When is it appropriate to use Krama Inggil?

Krama Inggil is used when speaking to elders, authority figures, or those with higher social status. It is the most formal level of Javanese, and it demonstrates the highest respect.

How does the Javanese language structure relate to social hierarchy?

The Javanese language is highly stratified and its different forms (Ngoko, Krama Lugu, Krama Inggil) reflect the speaker's respect for the social status or age of the person they are addressing. The language forms help reinforce the social hierarchy in interactions.

What does the transcript say about the use of language in education?

The transcript emphasizes the importance of understanding and practicing different levels of Javanese in education, particularly for students in schools who are learning to navigate respectful forms of language, including Krama and Ngoko.

What role does respect play in choosing which Javanese language form to use?

Respect plays a crucial role in choosing the appropriate language form. A speaker must consider the age, social status, and relationship with the listener to determine which level of language—whether Ngoko, Krama Lugu, or Krama Inggil—is most respectful and appropriate.

Why is it important not to mix Ngoko and Krama in conversation?

Mixing Ngoko and Krama in conversation can create confusion and show a lack of respect. Each level has a distinct role, and blending them may result in a breach of etiquette, especially in formal or hierarchical situations.