Part 1: NAJIS (Kajian Fathul Qarib) Bersama Ust. Busrah Latif, S.Sy., M.E

Summary

In this lecture, the speaker discusses the concept of 'Najis' (impurity) in Islamic law, referencing the classical text 'Fathul Qarib.' The discussion covers the definitions of Najis, distinguishing between different types of impurities, and elaborates on when something becomes haram (forbidden) due to its impurity. Key points include the importance of identifying Najis in daily life, the allowances under conditions of necessity, and how various bodily fluids, such as urine, blood, and semen, are categorized. The speaker emphasizes the importance of purification and the conditions under which Najis may be excused or overlooked, offering insights for proper religious observance.

Takeaways

• 😀 *Najis* refers to impurities that are forbidden to use or consume in Islam, both linguistically (disgusting) and legally (haram).
• 😀 Impurities are only considered haram when a person has the freedom to choose or can distinguish the impurity.
• 😀 In situations of necessity (*darurat*), such as life-threatening circumstances, consuming najis is allowed if no alternative is available.
• 😀 Examples of allowed situations include eating carrion in a forest when no other food is available.
• 😀 Fluids discharged from the human body, such as urine, feces, blood, and pus, are generally considered najis.
• 😀 Semen is considered pure unless it comes from impure animals like pigs or dogs.
• 😀 Even small, hard-to-see larvae in fruits or vegetables are excused from being considered najis due to the difficulty of distinguishing them.
• 😀 *Najis* substances can be cleansed by washing with water, but some items remain impure until they undergo a specific cleansing process.
• 😀 Animals’ bodily fluids, such as those from cows, are not considered najis unless the animal is impure, like a pig or a dog.
• 😀 Any discharge from the front or rear parts of the body, such as urine or feces, is categorized as najis, but exceptions like semen apply.
• 😀 Islamic law allows exceptions for impure substances in cases where they cannot be avoided, highlighting the principle of flexibility in emergency situations.

Q & A

What is the definition of 'najis' in Islamic jurisprudence?

In Islamic law, 'najis' refers to anything considered impure or forbidden for use. This impurity is not based on physical disgust but on its legal status as defined by Shariah. A substance can be najis due to its harm or impurity according to Islamic teachings.

What are the key conditions for something to be considered najis?

The conditions for a substance to be considered najis include: 1) The individual must have the ability to distinguish the najis substance and 2) There must be a choice, meaning the person is not in a state of necessity (darurat), where the use of najis substances could be allowed.

What does 'darurat' mean in the context of najis?

Darurat refers to a state of necessity or emergency. In such conditions, a person may be allowed to use najis substances if no other alternatives are available. This principle follows the Islamic legal maxim that 'necessity permits the forbidden.'

Can a person consume najis substances in any situation?

Normally, consuming najis substances is forbidden. However, in cases of necessity (darurat), such as when a person is in a survival situation and has no other food options except for a dead animal, consuming najis substances may be permitted to save their life.

What types of bodily fluids are considered najis?

Bodily fluids such as urine, feces, blood, pus, and other discharges that are abnormal or impure are considered najis. However, fluids like saliva or sweat are generally not classified as najis, unless they come from impure sources like pigs or dogs.

How does Islamic law classify the impurity of animal products?

Animal products, such as the flesh of dead animals that were not slaughtered according to Islamic law (halal), are considered najis. This includes carrion and specific animals like pigs and dogs. However, the fluids from certain clean animals (like milk or semen from cows) are not considered najis.

What is the ruling on maggots found in food?

In cases where maggots (or larvae) are found in food, they are generally overlooked if the food itself is clean and the maggots are not visible or are too small to identify as najis. These substances are not automatically classified as najis if the food has not been contaminated.

What should one do to purify themselves after contact with najis substances?

To purify oneself after contact with najis substances, one must wash the area or object with clean water. This process removes the impurity, restoring the state of cleanliness needed for prayer and other religious acts.

Is semen from animals like pigs and dogs considered najis?

Yes, semen from animals such as pigs and dogs is considered najis according to Islamic law. However, semen from clean animals (like cows) is not classified as najis.

Are there any exceptions to the impurity of bodily fluids?

Yes, certain bodily fluids like sperm or seminal fluid from clean animals are not classified as najis. However, bodily fluids such as urine, feces, and blood from humans and impure animals are always considered najis.