Anatomy of an Frog | Structural Organization of Animals | CBSE Class 11 Biology by Elearnin

Summary

This educational video explores the fascinating anatomy and physiology of frogs, highlighting their unique adaptations for both land and water environments. It covers their digestive system, respiratory methods, circulatory and excretory functions, and reproductive processes. The video also delves into the sensory systems of frogs and their hormonal control mechanisms. With an emphasis on the frog’s specialized physical features, such as the bulging eyes, webbed limbs, and external fertilization, viewers gain a comprehensive understanding of frog biology and the intricacies of their life cycle, from tadpole to adult.

Takeaways

• 😀 Frogs are amphibians that live both on land and in fresh water and are studied under batrachology.
• 🐸 Frogs have no neck or tail and exhibit sexual dimorphism, with male frogs having vocal sacs and copulatory pads.
• 🦷 Frogs possess a specialized digestive system that is short due to their carnivorous diet, with the stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas playing key roles in digestion.
• 🫁 Frogs respire through three primary methods: skin, buccopharyngeal cavity, and lungs, with each method playing a role in different environments.
• ❤️ Frogs have a three-chambered heart with two atria and a single ventricle, supporting their incomplete double circulation system.
• 🩸 Frog blood contains erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes, with erythrocytes being nucleated and crucial for oxygen transport.
• 💧 Frogs maintain water-salt balance through a well-developed excretory system, including kidneys, urinary bladder, and cloaca.
• 🦸‍♂️ The male reproductive system includes testes and vasa efferentia, while the female system features ovaries and oviducts for external fertilization.
• 👁 Frogs rely on specialized sensory organs for touch, taste, smell, vision, and hearing, with well-organized eyes and internal ears.
• 🧠 Frogs have a well-developed neural and endocrine system, with key glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands regulating various bodily functions.

Q & A

What is the study of frogs called?

The study of frogs is known as Batrachology.

How do frogs breathe underwater?

Frogs breathe underwater through their skin, which is thin and moist, allowing oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse in and out of their blood capillaries.

What is sexual dimorphism in frogs?

Sexual dimorphism in frogs refers to the physical differences between male and female frogs. Male frogs often have vocal sacs and a copulatory pad on their forelimbs, which are absent in females.

How is a frog's digestive system adapted to its carnivorous diet?

Frogs have a short digestive tract, with a reduced length of the intestine, which is an adaptation for their carnivorous diet. The digestive system includes the mouth, buccal cavity, stomach, small intestine, and rectum, with digestive enzymes aiding in food breakdown.

What is the role of bile in frog digestion?

Bile, produced by the liver, emulsifies fat in the frog’s digestive system, helping to break down fats for digestion. It is stored in the gall bladder before being released into the duodenum.

How do frogs respire on land?

On land, frogs respire primarily through their lungs, which are pink-colored sacs rich in blood vessels. They also use the moist bucopharyngeal cavity for additional gas exchange.

What is the function of the buccopharyngeal cavity in frog respiration?

The buccopharyngeal cavity helps in respiration by allowing gas exchange through its blood vessels. It acts as a forced pump to move air into the lungs when the pouch is compressed.

What is the difference between the frog’s blood circulation system and that of humans?

Frogs have an incomplete double circulation system with three main veins collecting blood from the body and sending it to the heart, whereas humans have a complete double circulation system with distinct pulmonary and systemic circuits.

What are the primary organs involved in a frog’s excretory system?

The primary organs in a frog's excretory system are the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and cloaca. These organs help maintain water-salt balance and excrete waste.

What is external fertilization in frogs and how does it occur?

In frogs, external fertilization occurs in water, where male frogs release semen (milt) and female frogs release eggs (spawn). The fertilization takes place outside the female’s body.