IPS Kelas 9 - Perubahan Sosial Budaya

Summary

The video lesson introduces the concept of social and cultural change, explaining how all societies undergo transformations in areas such as social institutions, values, behavior, and organization. It covers key factors that drive change, including population shifts, technological innovations, conflict, and environmental factors. The lesson also distinguishes between slow (evolutionary) and rapid (revolutionary) changes, and discusses planned and unplanned changes. Various forms of cultural diffusion, such as assimilation and acculturation, are explored, along with barriers to change like traditionalism and isolation. The video encourages viewers to reflect on these dynamics and their impact on society.

Takeaways

• 📚 The lesson is about social and cultural change, explaining how every society undergoes transformations in institutions, social values, and behavior patterns.
• 🔄 Social changes can occur slowly (evolution) or rapidly (revolution). Examples include the Industrial Revolution and shifts in societal occupations over time.
• ⚙️ Industrialization and modernization have significant impacts on society, such as increased urbanization and the development of transportation and technology.
• 🌍 Social change varies based on how open or closed a society is; industrial societies experience faster changes compared to agricultural ones.
• 📱 Technological advancements, such as the transition from traditional tools to modern ones (e.g., tractors in agriculture), play a key role in driving social change.
• 🌪️ Social and cultural changes can also result from unforeseen events like natural disasters or wars, which disrupt societal structures.
• 👥 Population growth and new discoveries are major factors influencing social and cultural changes, leading to shifts in behavior and societal norms.
• 💥 Conflicts, revolutions, and rebellions can lead to significant societal changes, as seen in historical examples like the Indonesian independence movement.
• 🌐 The influence of foreign cultures can cause diffusion, acculturation, or even the merging of cultures, leading to the emergence of new cultural practices.
• 🛑 Factors that hinder social change include isolation, traditional mindsets, and resistance to foreign or new ideas, which can slow down the rate of cultural evolution.

Q & A

What is the definition of social change according to Sumarjan?

Sumarjan defines social change as a shift in the structure and function of society, which automatically affects the culture of the community due to its relation to societal habits.

How does the speed of social and cultural change vary between societies?

The speed of social and cultural change differs based on how open a society is. Industrial societies experience faster changes compared to agricultural societies.

What is the difference between evolutionary and revolutionary social change?

Evolutionary change is slow and occurs over a long period, with small, gradual changes, like the shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture. Revolutionary change is rapid and causes major societal shifts, such as the Industrial Revolution.

What are examples of minor and major social changes?

Minor changes include trends like young people's hairstyle influenced by K-Pop idols. Major changes include industrialization, which affects many aspects of society.

What is planned social change, and can you provide an example?

Planned social change, or 'plan change,' is a deliberate and desired transformation in society, such as building roads between provinces or implementing educational technologies like e-books (BSE).

What are unplanned social changes, and what can trigger them?

Unplanned social changes are those that occur beyond society’s control, such as natural disasters like volcanic eruptions or floods. These changes may also result from planned changes, such as technological advancements leading to job losses.

How does population increase or decrease impact social and cultural changes?

Population growth, especially in densely populated areas like Java in Indonesia, can lead to social and cultural changes, such as a decline in hospitality and the emergence of new social groups.

How does the discovery of new tools or technologies influence social change?

The discovery of new tools or technologies, such as smartphones or online shopping, satisfies societal needs and brings significant changes to how people communicate, work, and interact.

What are the potential consequences of war on social and cultural changes?

War can bring both minor and major changes. For instance, during Japan's occupation of Indonesia, there were widespread social impacts, including poverty and cultural restrictions, but also political changes that helped leaders prepare for independence.

What are some factors that inhibit social and cultural changes?

Factors that inhibit change include isolated societies, lack of access to communication and transportation, a slow pace of knowledge development, traditional societal attitudes, and distrust of foreign or new cultural influences.