Sejarah Singkat Peristiwa G30S PKI

Fimi Jelly Nurahayu

30 Sept 202204:11

Summary

TLDRThe video script recounts the G30S PKI event, a bloody coup attempt led by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) aiming to replace Pancasila with communism. On September 30, 1965, PKI, led by Letkol Untung, attacked, seizing Halim Perdanakusuma Airport and killing military officers. The operation involved spreading rumors of a coup by generals, arming peasants, and capturing key figures. The response led by Sarwo Edhi Widodo's RT and RPKAD on October 3-4, 1965, reclaimed the RRI and quelled the rebellion, with fallen officers honored as heroes of the revolution at the Monumen Pancasila Sakti.

Takeaways

🇮🇩 The G30S PKI was a bloody movement led by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI).
🔄 The PKI aimed to replace Pancasila with communist ideology.
🌐 The PKI sought to strengthen its power by gaining public support through land distribution and arming peasant workers.
🗣️ The PKI spread rumors of a coup by the General Council to justify their actions.
❌ The Indonesian Army (TNI) rejected the coup allegations and accused the PKI of attempting to seize power.
🛫 The PKI, led by Colonel Untung, launched an attack by seizing Halim Perdanakusuma Airport and making it their headquarters.
🔪 The PKI kidnapped and killed several Army officers, disposing of their bodies in a 12-meter crocodile pit.
🎯 The PKI's main target was General Abdul Haris Nasution, but others were also killed, including his daughter and aide.
📍 The rebellion also occurred in Yogyakarta, where they kidnapped Colonel Katamso and Lieutenant Colonel Sugiono.
🏢 General Suharto ordered the counterattack, leading to the discovery of the bodies and the recapture of RRI by RPKAD.
🏛️ The fallen officers are commemorated as heroes of the revolution at the Monumen Pancasila Sakti.

Q & A

What does G30S PKI stand for?
-G30S PKI stands for Gerakan 30 September Partai Komunis Indonesia, which was a bloody communist movement in Indonesia.
What was the main goal of the G30S PKI movement?
-The main goal of the G30S PKI movement was to change the ideology of Pancasila to a communist ideology.
How did the PKI gain strength and support among the people?
-The PKI gained strength and support by distributing land to peasant workers and arming them.
What was the PKI's claim about a coup before their attack?
-The PKI spread rumors that there was a General Council attempting a coup, but the Indonesian Army rejected these accusations.
Who led the G30S PKI movement?
-The G30S PKI movement was led by Letkol Untung.
What was the significance of Halim Perdanakusuma Airport during the G30S PKI movement?
-Halim Perdanakusuma Airport was significant as it was seized by the PKI and used as their headquarters.
What was the 'Lubang Buaya' incident mentioned in the script?
-The 'Lubang Buaya' incident refers to the mass grave where the bodies of kidnapped and murdered military officers were dumped by the PKI.
Who were the main targets of the PKI during the G30S PKI movement?
-The main targets of the PKI were General Abdul Haris Nasution and other military officers.
What happened in Yogyakarta during the G30S PKI movement?
-In Yogyakarta, the PKI also staged a rebellion, kidnapping Colonel Katamso and Letkol Sugiono.
How did General Soeharto respond to the G30S PKI movement?
-General Soeharto ordered Sarwo Edhi Widodo, the head of RTKAD, to suppress the PKI.
What was the outcome of the actions taken by RT and RPKAD against the PKI?
-On October 3, 1965, RT members found the bodies of the officers, and on October 4, 1965, RPKAD members successfully suppressed the PKI and reclaimed RRI.
What is the significance of the Monumen Pancasila Sakti mentioned in the script?
-The Monumen Pancasila Sakti is a monument that commemorates the fallen officers who are considered heroes of the revolution.

Outlines

00:00

📜 Historical Overview of G30S PKI

The script introduces the G30S PKI event, a bloody movement led by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) under the leadership of D.I. The PKI aimed to replace the Pancasila ideology with communism. At the time, Indonesia was a democratically led country, which allowed the PKI to grow stronger. The PKI reached its peak on September 30, 1965, the day before the coup attempt. Prior to the attack, the PKI tried to gain public support by distributing land to farmers and addressing their issues. They also spread rumors of a General Council coup, which the Army denied and accused the PKI of attempting to seize power. The PKI, led by Colonel Untung, launched the attack in the middle of the night, starting with the capture of Halim Perdanakusuma Airport as their base. They kidnapped and killed military officers, disposing of their bodies in a 12-meter crocodile pit. The main target was General Abdul Harris Nasution, but instead, his daughter Putri Ade Irma Suryani and Captain Ferry Tanden were killed. The coup also occurred in Yogyakarta, where Colonel Katamso and Lieutenant Colonel Sugiono were kidnapped. The PKI managed to seize the RRI. General Soeharto ordered Sarwo Edhi Widodo, the head of RTKAD, to suppress the PKI. On October 3, 1965, RT members found the bodies of the officers, and on October 4, RPKAD members successfully reclaimed the RRI. The fallen officers are considered heroes of the revolution. The script concludes with a mention of the Pancasila Sakti Monument.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡G30S PKI

G30S PKI refers to the September 30th Movement led by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). It was a violent coup attempt that aimed to change the ideological foundation of Indonesia from Pancasila to communism. The movement is central to the video's theme as it sets the historical context for the events described.

💡Pancasila

Pancasila is the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, consisting of five principles that include belief in one supreme God, just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia, democracy led by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations among representatives, and social justice for all of the Indonesian people. In the script, it is mentioned as the ideology that the PKI wanted to change.

💡Communism

Communism is a political ideology that seeks to establish a classless society based on common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social and economic stratification. The PKI aimed to implement communism in Indonesia, which is a key point in the video's narrative as it explains the movement's goals.

💡Letkol Untung

Letkol Untung was a military figure who led the G30S PKI coup attempt. His role is significant as he is depicted as the main actor in the violent events of the coup, illustrating the military aspect of the movement.

💡Bandara Halim Perdanakusuma

Halim Perdanakusuma Airport is mentioned as the location that was seized by the PKI at the beginning of the coup, serving as their headquarters. This keyword is important as it provides a specific geographical reference point for the events of the coup.

💡Lubang Buaya

Lubang Buaya, or 'Crocodile Hole,' refers to the place where the bodies of kidnapped and murdered military officers were dumped during the coup. This term is significant as it symbolizes the brutality of the actions taken by the PKI during the coup.

💡Jenderal Abdul Haris Nasution

General Abdul Haris Nasution was a prominent military figure who was a target of the PKI during the coup. His mention in the script highlights the personal nature of the conflict and the high-level targets of the PKI.

💡Pak Soeharto

Pak Soeharto, or President Suharto as he was later known, is mentioned as the figure who ordered the counteraction against the PKI. His role is pivotal as he represents the response of the Indonesian government to the coup attempt.

💡RTKAD

RTKAD stands for Reserse Kavallerie Tjepat Angkatan Darat, which was a special forces unit of the Indonesian Army. They are highlighted in the script for their role in discovering the bodies of the military officers and suppressing the PKI, showing the military's response to the coup.

💡RRI

RRI stands for Radio Republik Indonesia, which was the state radio broadcaster at the time. The script mentions that the PKI managed to seize RRI, indicating their attempt to control the flow of information during the coup.

💡Monumen Pancasila Sakti

Monumen Pancasila Sakti is a monument in Jakarta that commemorates the victims of the G30S PKI coup attempt. It is mentioned in the script to honor those who fell in the struggle against the coup, tying the historical events to present-day remembrance.

Highlights

G30S PKI was a bloody movement led by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI).

The PKI aimed to change the Pancasila ideology to communism.

Indonesia at the time was practicing a democratic system led by the military.

PKI gained strength and reached its peak on September 30, 1965.

PKI tried to garner public support by distributing land to peasant workers and arming them.

PKI spread rumors of a coup by the General Council but were accused by the Army of attempting to seize power.

The PKI, led by Colonel Untung, launched an attack in the middle of the night.

The attack began with the seizure of Halim Perdanakusuma Airport, which was made the PKI headquarters.

PKI kidnapped and killed Army officers, disposing of their bodies in a 12-meter crocodile hole.

The main target of PKI was General Abdul Haris Nasution, but others were mistakenly killed.

The kidnapping also occurred in Yogyakarta, where Colonel Katamso and Lieutenant Colonel Sugiono were kidnapped.

PKI successfully seized RRI (Radio Republic of Indonesia).

On October 3, 1965, members of RT (a special forces unit) found the bodies of the officers.

On October 4, 1965, RPKAD (another special forces unit) successfully suppressed PKI and reclaimed RRI.

The fallen officers are honored as heroes of the revolution.

Monument Pancasila Sakti is a memorial for the event.

The history of the G30S PKI event is briefly summarized.