G30S/PKI & TEORI KONSPIRASI-NYA! | #HistorytellingJASMERAH

Summary

This video script delves into the historical event of the September 30th Movement in Indonesia, known as G30S. It explores the ideological differences between Pancasila and communism, the rise of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), and the controversial actions taken by the movement, including the abduction and murder of high-ranking military officials. The script discusses various theories about the masterminds behind G30S, ranging from internal military conflicts to possible CIA involvement, and even suggests the involvement of President Soekarno or Soeharto. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of revisiting history and understanding the diverse perspectives on this significant event.

Takeaways

• 😐 The script discusses the historical event known as the September 30th Movement (G30S) in Indonesia, which was a significant violation of human rights and remains a controversial event.
• 🔍 It explores the differences between the ideologies of Pancasila and communism, highlighting how communism does not prioritize religion and focuses on improving living conditions through wealth redistribution.
• 🏛️ The Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI) was one of the oldest and largest political parties in Indonesia, with a diverse membership base and a history of fighting against colonialism.
• 🗣️ The script mentions the 'Angkatan Ke-5' concept proposed by PKI, which aimed to assist the Indonesian military (TNI) during the confrontation with the formation of Malaysia, a move that was controversial within the military.
• 🔥 The G30S is described as a movement that led to the execution of several high-ranking military officers, with the alleged involvement of the PKI, although the party denied any involvement.
• 🤔 The script presents various theories about the masterminds behind the G30S, including the PKI, internal conflicts within the military, and even foreign involvement, such as the CIA.
• 👥 It discusses the role of Letkol Untung, who led the G30S, and the subsequent accusations and trials that followed, ending with his execution.
• 🌐 The script touches on the international context, including the Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, and the perceived threat of communism in Indonesia.
• 📚 The script acknowledges the complexity and ongoing debate surrounding the G30S, with different generations having different understandings and memories of the event.
• 📽️ The discussion includes the impact of the G30S on Indonesian politics, leading to the rise of figures like President Soeharto and the implementation of policies like Super Semar.

Q & A

What was the G30S Movement?

The G30S Movement, also known as Gerakan 30 September, was a controversial and violent event that occurred in Indonesia in 1965. It involved an alleged coup attempt against President Soekarno by a group of military officers, which led to a significant violation of human rights and a power shift in the country.

What are the main ideologies discussed in the script?

The main ideologies discussed in the script are Pancasila, Communism, Marxism, and Leninism. Pancasila is the foundational philosophy of Indonesia, emphasizing beliefs in one supreme God, a just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia, democracy led by the wisdom of the people, and social justice. Communism, Marxism, and Leninism, on the other hand, focus on the collective ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes.

How does Pancasila differ from Communism?

Pancasila emphasizes the importance of a belief in one supreme God and respects the freedom of religious choice, while also focusing on social justice and unity through deliberation and representation. Communism, as explained by Karl Marx, does not prioritize religion and instead focuses on improving living conditions by equal distribution of wealth and eliminating social classes, aiming for a classless society.

What was the role of the Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI) in the script's narrative?

The PKI was one of the oldest and largest political parties in Indonesia with a wide range of members from intellectuals to workers and farmers. It played a significant role in opposing colonialism and was seen as a potential force that could shift Indonesia towards communism, which was a point of contention with other ideologies, especially those aligned with Pancasila.

What was the significance of the 'Angkatan Ke lima' proposed by the PKI?

The 'Angkatan Ke lima' was a proposed fifth force consisting of workers and peasants, intended to assist the Indonesian National Armed Forces during the confrontation with the formation of Malaysia. However, this proposal was met with suspicion by the military, who feared a potential arms coup by the PKI, leading to increased tensions.

What is the 'NASKOM' concept mentioned in the script?

NASKOM stands for Nasionalisme, Agama, and Komunisme, which was a concept that emerged to reconcile the differences between Nationalism, Religion, and Communism in Indonesia. It was an attempt to create a unified approach that could accommodate the growing influence of the PKI within the Indonesian political landscape.

Who was Letkol Untung and what was his role in the G30S Movement?

Letkol Untung was a military officer who led the G30S Movement. He was responsible for organizing the abduction and assassination of several high-ranking military officers who were perceived as anti-communist. His actions played a central role in the events of the G30S Movement, although the full extent of his motivations and backers remain a subject of debate.

What are the various theories regarding the masterminds behind the G30S Movement?

Theories vary widely, with some suggesting the PKI was responsible, others pointing to internal conflicts within the military, and some even suggesting external involvement such as the CIA. There are also theories that President Soekarno or future President Soeharto may have had a hand in the events, although concrete evidence is lacking in all cases.

What was the 'Super Semar' or Surat Perintah 11 Maret?

The 'Super Semar' or Surat Perintah 11 Maret was a controversial order that followed the G30S Movement. It was a military operation that led to widespread persecution of individuals associated with the PKI, further entrenching the military's control over Indonesia and leading to a significant shift in the country's political landscape.

What was the impact of the G30S Movement on Indonesia's political structure?

The G30S Movement led to a significant realignment of political power in Indonesia. It resulted in the decline of President Soekarno's influence and the rise of Suharto, who would become the next president. The events also led to the suppression of the PKI and a shift towards a more authoritarian regime.

How has the narrative around the G30S Movement changed over time?

The narrative around the G30S Movement has evolved significantly. Initially portrayed as a betrayal by the PKI, subsequent research and the fall of the New Order have led to a more nuanced understanding. The event is now recognized as a complex political struggle with multiple factions and interests, rather than a simple coup attempt by the PKI.