GREEK ARCHITECTURE
Summary
TLDRIn this video, AR Jess explores the architectural wonders of Athens, Greece, the cradle of Western Civilization. He visits historical sites like the Acropolis, the Parthenon, and the Panathenaic Stadium, detailing the significance of Greek architecture's Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders. The script captures the essence of ancient Greek architecture, its beauty, and proportion, while also highlighting the Acropolis Museum's treasures and the stadium's marble construction. The journey concludes with Jess leaving for Rome to continue his architectural exploration.
Takeaways
- 🌍 The video is set in Greece, specifically Athens, highlighting its significance in architectural history.
- 🏛 Greece is considered the 'Cradle of Western Civilization' and has a profound influence on Western architectural styles.
- 🏙 The script mentions visiting various historical sites like the Acropolis, Temple of Nike, Erechtheion, and the Odeon of Herodes Atticus.
- 🏛️ The Acropolis represents the pinnacle of ancient Greek architecture, symbolizing the city on the hill.
- 📖 The script discusses the three classical orders of Greek architecture: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, each with distinct characteristics.
- 🏗️ The Parthenon is described in detail, including its Doric columns and the architectural elements like the architrave, frieze, and pediment.
- 🎨 The importance of proportion, beauty, and simplicity in Greek architecture is emphasized.
- 🏛️ The Athenian Agora is mentioned as a marketplace and gathering place, with structures like the Stoa providing shelter.
- 🏛️ The Corinthian Capital is noted for its ornate design featuring acanthus leaves and volutes.
- 🏟️ The Panathenaic Stadium is the only stadium built on marble and was used in the first modern Olympics.
- 📚 The Acropolis Museum is praised for its rich history and exhibits, especially the sculptures and pediment details.
Q & A
What is the significance of Greece in the history of architecture?
-Greece is considered the Cradle of Western Civilization, and most Western architectural styles can be traced back to the influence of ancient Greek architecture.
What are the three classical orders of architecture mentioned in the script?
-The three classical orders of architecture are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.
What is the Agora of Athens and its purpose?
-The Agora of Athens was a central public space where people gathered for various activities. It served as a marketplace and a place for social interaction.
What is the difference between the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders?
-The Doric order is the simplest with an abacus at the top of the column. The Ionic order features volutes or scrolls, and the Corinthian order is the most ornate with acanthus leaves and volutes.
What is the meaning of 'Acropolis'?
-The term 'Acropolis' means 'city on top of the hill' or 'the highest point', derived from 'Acro' meaning high and 'polis' meaning city.
What is the Parthenon and its architectural style?
-The Parthenon is a former temple on the Acropolis of Athens, and it is an octostyle Doric peripteral Greek temple known for its proportion, beauty, and simplicity.
What are the key components of a Greek temple's facade?
-The facade of a Greek temple can be divided into the bottom part (cista), the columns, and the pediment. The cista contains the stylobate and stereobate, while the columns support the architrave, frieze, and pediment.
What is the significance of the Acropolis Museum?
-The Acropolis Museum is significant as it houses artifacts found on the Acropolis hill. It provides insights into the history and art of the Parthenon and the Acropolis.
What is the Panathenaic Stadium, and why is it unique?
-The Panathenaic Stadium is the only stadium in the world built entirely of marble. It was originally built in BC and was renovated to host the opening and closing ceremonies of the first modern Olympics.
What is the importance of the pediment in Greek architecture?
-The pediment is the triangular area at the top of the facade in Greek architecture. It often features sculptures depicting mythological scenes and is an important element in the overall design and aesthetics of the building.
What is the script's narrator's next destination after Athens?
-After exploring ancient Greek architecture in Athens, the narrator is excited to visit Rome to study ancient Roman architecture.
Outlines
🏛️ Exploring Greek Architecture
AR Jess introduces the video series on the history of architecture in Greece, specifically Athens. He expresses his excitement about visiting Greece, a country highly regarded in architectural history. Jess plans to explore famous sites like the Acropolis, the Temple of Nike, the Erechtheon, and the Odeon of Herodes Atticus. He also mentions the significance of Greek architecture as the Cradle of Western Civilization and its influence on Western architectural styles. The video captures the essence of Athens at sunset, with Jess planning to dine and explore the local architecture.
🌅 Visiting the Acropolis
The video captures Jess's awe as he visits the Acropolis, the Parthenon, and the Agora of Athens. He explains the significance of the three classical Greek orders: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, highlighting their differences in height, base, and structure. Jess emphasizes the importance of proportion, beauty, and simplicity in Greek architecture, which is admired in many formal and government buildings. He also discusses the elements of Greek temple architecture, such as the facade divided into the bottom part (caryatid), columns, and pediment, and the parts of the column including the capital, shaft, and architrave.
🎥 Acropolis Museum and Panathenaic Stadium
Jess visits the Acropolis Museum, where he learns about the history of the Parthenon and its sculptures, such as the Winged Nike and Athena fighting the Giants. He explores the museum's third floor, which focuses on the Parthenon, and discusses the pediment area's triangular design. Jess also visits the Panathenaic Stadium, the only stadium built on marble from BC, which was renovated and used for the first modern Olympics. He appreciates the stadium's design and history, including the seats for the king and queen and the steps' design.
✈️ Farewell to Athens, Hello Rome
Jess concludes his visit to Athens, reflecting on the inspiring ancient art and architecture that have stood the test of time. He packs his bags, ready to leave for Rome, the next destination on his architectural journey. The video ends with Jess looking forward to exploring ancient Roman architecture, indicating a continuation of his educational series.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Greece
💡Athens
💡Architecture
💡Acropolis
💡Doric Order
💡Ionic Order
💡Corinthian Order
💡Agora
💡Parthenon
💡Pediment
💡Panathenaic Stadium
Highlights
Introduction to Greece as a significant destination for architectural history
Greece's importance as the Cradle of Western Civilization and its influence on architectural styles
The significance of Greek architecture in terms of proportion, beauty, and simplicity
Introduction to the Athenian Agora and its role as a marketplace and gathering place
Explanation of the three classical orders: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian
Description of the Corinthian Capital and its ornate features
Visit to the Acropolis and the anticipation of seeing historical structures
Description of the entrance to the Acropolis and the view of the Parthenon
Detailed explanation of the Parthenon's architecture, including its Doric columns and pediment
Mention of the restoration work being done on the Parthenon
Visit to the Acropolis Museum and its exhibits on the Parthenon
Discussion on the pediment sculptures depicting the birth of Athena and the competition between Athena and Poseidon
Visit to the Panathenaic Stadium, the only stadium built on marble from ancient times
Reflection on the inspiring experience of seeing ancient art and architecture that has stood the test of time
Preparation to leave Athens and anticipation for the next destination, Rome
Transcripts
[Music]
hi this is AR Jess and today we are here
in
Greece specifically Athens and if
there's one thing or one country that I
really want to visit as an architect I
think on top of that list would be
Greece and now I'm here dreams really do
come true and on this series we will be
doing history of arch torture
history of architecture we are going to
see the things that we have discussed
and I also taught during the times that
I have taught history of architecture so
Greece is very important in terms of
architecture they are the Cradle of
Western Civilization so most of the
western architectural Styles can be
traced by its
influence of Greek AR architecture or
ancient Greek architecture so it's very
exciting to start our journey here in
Europe with Greece and Greek
architecture so it's 6:48 p.m. here in
Greece and it's
1148 p.m. in the Philippines so the
sunset is not going to be until 9 p.m.
here cuz it's summer so we're going to
make the best out of it tomorrow we're
going to the big one the Acropolis we're
going to see the panon the Temple of
Nike the
ereon the odion we're going to see it
all but tonight we're we're just going
to feel the vibe we're going to eat
outside and see the architecture here in
the neighborhoods of Athens so let's go
I'm going to t you around let's make
this architecture Journey interesting
let's go
[Music]
[Music]
we are now here at
the Athenian
abora so here are the structures right
here
[Music]
we just came from the stwa and the stoa
it's like a waiting shed so in terms of
weather like if it rains or if it's very
hot it's a place
for where people can go and have
protection from the weather so this is
the Agora of Athens so Agora is a
Marketplace or there will be gathering
of people so a lot of things are
happening here and the ancient Greek
gave us
the three classical orders which are the
Doric Ionic and Corinthian and as you
can see here in my back that is the
Corinthian Capital
so there are differences with them in
terms of the height the base and the
structure and I think most predominantly
it's the capital so the Doric is the
simpliest which is the Abacus and
eus the ionic is the Volute
and scroll if I can remember it right
and Corinthian are the very ornate one
the one with cus leaves and volutes also
and also there are variations that the
Roman also gave the Tusan and composite
so we're going to see that one when we
go to Rome so it's very important
because they give the proportions and
Beauty very important in Greek
architecture it's the proportion the
beauty the Simplicity of the structure
that's why it's so
adored and a lot of formal buildings
government buildings do it because Greek
architecture is so good at it like it
really
represents Simplicity and beauty
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
morning
guys we are now here in aens and we're
walking to the Parkland which is there
[Music]
20 minute
walk let's
[Music]
go good morning
thank
you there no time
to so we're the first to go up here the
CP this so we're very lucky
[Music]
this is the
propa
[Music]
wow wow we're now entering the
propa so
[Music]
beautiful I can't believe in my eyes I'm
seeing right
now purple
[Music]
so this is the
entrance
way and this is
a okay
beautiful look at that
view so this is the entrance the purple
area
[Applause]
[Music]
wow
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
good morning we're now here at the
paron and as you can see that's the
world famous paron here at the Acropolis
in
Greece so the Acropolis means
City on top of the hill or the highest
point PO is City Acro means high and
that's the paron right there it's an
octus tile so eight columns on the front
Doric
peripteral greek temple so the columns
are all around the buildings you can see
the beautiful Dory column so it's very
important for the Greek to have
this proportions Beauty and simplicity
that's why we adore the architecture so
much it's because how they incorp
incorporate this elements to achieve
[Music]
Beauty can divide the facade of the
temple into four parts the bottom part
the crya next to it above is the column
and then the Ure and the pediment in the
cida we have the sty bit and the stereo
bit in the column adoric column here so
we have the capital the shaft in the Ure
we can identify the architrave the
freeze which composed of the trigli and
metop and the Triangular above is the
pediment these are the working on the
restoration of
the
par I really want to touch the
marbl the P
these are like
DC before
Christ
[Applause]
[Music]
Stones The Acropolis Museum you can also
go
there and this is the city of
aens so beautiful
to like
f the car pches
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
[Music]
so I think it's been like more than an
hour that I've been here I've been using
the audio book of the parnon or the
Acropolis Museum and this is one of my
favorite sections here there is a no
photo section but if you just listen to
the audio book you learn so much of the
history and how why this art exist
especially that one the wing Nike
sculpture and Athena fighting the Giants
so nice it's one of the most beautiful
museums that have been to I'm going to
continue upstairs to the third floor
which are exhibits of the paron so come
with me let's go that's the
parnon and I am here at the
Acropolis
Museum the third floor which is a
section that talks about the Parthenon
and one of the most interesting things
that I have seen here today is with
regards the pediment area the Triangular
one on the roof so this is what reminds
of the pediment area triangular one so
in the east
side that would be on that location
right here where the sunrise is
that one the destroyed one it depicts
the birth of Athena the pon of Athens
and on the other side the south side
which is located there that's the
South the display there is a competition
between Athena and Poseidon as the
patron of the city
[Music]
[Music]
good morning guys it's my last full day
here in Athens we're going to the pan
AIC Stadium it's this only stadium that
was built on marble still built BC
before Christ so these are very old
stadium that was renovated and was the
first venue for the opening and closing
ceremonies of the first modern Olympics
let's go it's my last activity here in
Athens let's go
[Music]
the panan stadium is so beautiful and
listening to the audio guide really
helped me enjoy the experience more
enrich The Experience more on learning
about what is Stadium all about it's not
just the first and the only marble
stadium in the world but also the
history the little details that was
incorporated to it just like heres there
the two heres and the seat of the king
and the Queen and also how they they
design behind the steps so many things
to learn Athens has been so beautiful so
inspiring to see this thousand years of
art and architecture that really stood a
test of time good morning it's 4:30 in
the morning I've packed my bags we're
leaving Athens and look at all this
water bottle that I've
consumed throughout my days here CU it
was just so hot summer here but it was
good I really had a good time in Greece
I have a flight 9:00 a.m. we're flying
to our next European city after ancient
Greek architecture we'll go to ancient
Broman architecture so we're flying to
Rome kind of excited let's go
[Music]
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