How To Do A Bank Reconciliation (EASY WAY)

Accounting Stuff
16 Jan 201917:01

Summary

TLDRIn this Accounting Stuff video, James guides viewers through the process of bank reconciliation in seven straightforward steps. He explains the purpose of reconciling a bank statement with a cash book, highlighting common discrepancies such as omissions, timing differences, and errors. James uses the example of Chudley Cannons Inc. to demonstrate how to adjust and reconcile the accounts, ensuring an accurate 'True Cash Balance.' The video is designed to make bank reconciliation accessible and straightforward for accounting and bookkeeping professionals.

Takeaways

  • 📚 The video provides a comprehensive guide on performing a Bank Reconciliation, a crucial accounting process for ensuring the accuracy of financial records.
  • 🏦 A Bank Statement is a record of all cash transactions as perceived by the bank, while a Cash Book is the business's own record of cash inflows and outflows.
  • 🔍 Bank Reconciliation is necessary due to potential discrepancies between the Bank Statement and Cash Book, often caused by omissions, timing differences, or errors.
  • 🕒 Businesses typically perform Bank Reconciliations monthly, but the frequency can vary based on the volume of transactions and business size.
  • 📋 The video outlines a seven-step process for Bank Reconciliation, starting with gathering necessary documents and ending with preparing journal entries.
  • 📝 It's important to tick off matching transactions between the Bank Statement and Cash Book to streamline the reconciliation process.
  • 🧾 The adjusted Bank Statement balance is calculated by accounting for deposits in transit and outstanding cheques, which are timing differences.
  • 💼 The adjusted Cash Book balance is determined by identifying omissions such as missing receipts, interest received, bank fees, and bounced cheques.
  • 🔄 The purpose of the Bank Reconciliation is to identify and correct errors, update the Cash Book, and calculate the true cash balance of the business.
  • 📈 The 'True Cash Balance' is a key metric that reflects the actual cash position of a business after accounting for all outstanding transactions.

Q & A

  • What is the main topic of the video?

    -The main topic of the video is how to perform a Bank Reconciliation, which is demonstrated through seven simple steps.

  • Who is the presenter of the video?

    -The presenter of the video is James, who hosts the channel Accounting Stuff.

  • What are the two primary documents involved in a Bank Reconciliation?

    -The two primary documents involved in a Bank Reconciliation are the Bank Statement and the Cash Book.

  • Why might the Bank Statement and Cash Book not agree with each other?

    -The Bank Statement and Cash Book might not agree due to omissions, timing differences, and errors.

  • What is a 'Deposit in Transit' and how does it affect the Bank Reconciliation?

    -A 'Deposit in Transit' refers to cash received and recorded in the Cash Book during one period but not appearing in the Bank Statement until the following period. It affects the Bank Reconciliation by being an addition to the Bank Statement to adjust the balance.

  • What is an 'Outstanding Cheque' and how is it treated in the Bank Reconciliation?

    -An 'Outstanding Cheque' is a cheque issued by the business that has not yet been cashed and will be deducted from the Bank Statement side during the Bank Reconciliation.

  • Why is it important to identify errors in the Cash Book during the reconciliation process?

    -Identifying errors in the Cash Book during the reconciliation process is important to correct the 'True Cash Balance' and ensure the accuracy of the financial records.

  • How often should a Bank Reconciliation be performed according to the video?

    -The video suggests that most businesses perform Bank Reconciliations on a monthly basis, but the frequency can vary depending on the size and transaction volume of the company.

  • What is the purpose of preparing journal entries at the end of the Bank Reconciliation process?

    -The purpose of preparing journal entries at the end of the Bank Reconciliation process is to update the General Ledger with the adjusted Cash Book balance, reflecting the 'True Cash Balance' of the business.

  • What is the 'True Cash Balance' and why is it significant?

    -The 'True Cash Balance' is the accurate cash balance of the business after accounting for all outstanding cheques and deposits. It is significant because it provides a true picture of the business's cash position.

  • How does the video help viewers understand the Bank Reconciliation process?

    -The video helps viewers understand the Bank Reconciliation process by breaking it down into seven clear steps, providing definitions, examples, and a step-by-step guide through an example company's reconciliation.

Outlines

00:00

🧐 Introduction to Bank Reconciliation

James from Accounting Stuff introduces a tutorial on bank reconciliation, outlining a seven-step process to reconcile the bank statement with the cash book. He explains the purpose of bank reconciliation, which is to ensure that the business's cash records match the bank's records. James highlights common reasons for discrepancies, such as omissions, timing differences, and errors, and emphasizes the importance of this process for maintaining accurate financial records.

05:03

📚 Step-by-Step Bank Reconciliation Guide

The tutorial continues with a step-by-step guide on how to perform a bank reconciliation using the example of Chudley Cannons Inc. The steps include obtaining copies of the bank statement and cash book, setting up a bank reconciliation template, ticking off matching transactions, calculating the adjusted bank statement balance, and identifying and adjusting for omissions and errors in the cash book. Each step is explained in detail, providing a clear methodology for reconciling the accounts.

10:04

🔍 Adjusting for Discrepancies in Bank Reconciliation

This part of the script delves into the specifics of adjusting the bank statement and cash book for discrepancies. It covers how to handle deposits in transit, outstanding cheques, bank errors, and omissions in the cash book such as missing receipts, interest received, bank fees, and bounced cheques. The video script provides a practical approach to identifying and correcting these items to arrive at the true cash balance of the business.

15:07

📝 Completing the Bank Reconciliation Process

The final segment of the script wraps up the bank reconciliation process by discussing the preparation of necessary journal entries to update the general ledger and reflect the true cash balance. It includes examples of journal entries for various adjustments identified during the reconciliation, such as missing receipts, interest received, bank fees, and bounced cheques. The video concludes with a summary of the seven steps and encouragement for viewers to apply these methods to their own bank reconciliations.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Bank Reconciliation

Bank Reconciliation is a financial process that involves comparing a company's cash book with its bank statement to ensure they agree. It is crucial for identifying and resolving discrepancies, ensuring accurate financial reporting. In the video, the host breaks down the process into seven steps, demonstrating how to reconcile the bank statement to the cash book, which is central to the video's theme of teaching accounting basics.

💡Bank Statement

A Bank Statement is a record provided by a bank that lists all the financial transactions that occurred within a specific period, such as deposits, withdrawals, and interest earned or fees incurred. It is one side of the reconciliation process discussed in the video. The host explains that discrepancies can arise because the bank statement and the cash book may not always align due to omissions, timing differences, or errors.

💡Cash Book

A Cash Book is an accounting record maintained by a business that documents all cash inflows (debits) and outflows (credits). It is managed by the business and is used to track the cash transactions that affect the business's cash account. In the video, the host emphasizes the importance of the cash book in the reconciliation process, as it is compared against the bank statement to identify any differences.

💡Omissions

Omissions refer to transactions that appear on the bank statement but have not yet been recorded in the cash book. These can include missing receipts, interest received, bank fees, or bounced cheques. The video explains that omissions are one of the reasons why the bank statement and cash book might not agree and are a key focus during the reconciliation process.

💡Timing Differences

Timing Differences arise when transactions are recorded in the bank statement and the cash book in different periods. Common examples include deposits in transit and outstanding cheques. The video script illustrates timing differences with the example of a deposit recorded in the cash book but not yet reflected on the bank statement, highlighting the need to adjust for these in the reconciliation process.

💡Errors

Errors in the context of bank reconciliation refer to mistakes made either by the bank or by the business when recording transactions in the cash book. These could be due to data entry mistakes, incorrect calculations, or other clerical errors. The video script mentions that errors are a reason for discrepancies and that the reconciliation process involves identifying and correcting these mistakes.

💡Deposits in Transit

Deposits in Transit are funds that a business has deposited into its bank account but have not yet been processed and therefore do not appear on the bank statement. The video uses this term to explain a timing difference where the business has recorded a deposit in its cash book, but the bank has not yet updated the bank statement to reflect this deposit.

💡Outstanding Cheques

Outstanding Cheques are cheques that a business has written and recorded in its cash book but have not yet been cashed or cleared by the bank, and thus do not appear on the bank statement. The video script discusses how these cheques represent a timing difference that needs to be considered during the reconciliation process to ensure the cash book reflects the true cash position of the business.

💡True Cash Balance

The True Cash Balance is the accurate cash position of a business after all outstanding cheques and deposits have been cleared and accounted for. The video script emphasizes the importance of calculating the true cash balance as part of the bank reconciliation process, as it provides a more reliable picture of the business's cash on hand.

💡Journal Entries

Journal Entries are the recording of financial transactions in the accounting records of a business. In the context of the video, journal entries are prepared at the end of the bank reconciliation process to correct any discrepancies identified between the cash book and the bank statement. These entries ensure that the general ledger is updated to reflect the true cash balance of the business.

Highlights

Introduction to Bank Reconciliation and its importance in accounting.

Definition of a Bank Statement and its role in accounting.

Definition of a Cash Book and its management by the business.

Explanation of why Bank Statements and Cash Books might not match.

Reason Number 1 for discrepancies: Omissions in the Cash Book.

Reason Number 2 for discrepancies: Timing Differences between the Bank and the Business.

Reason Number 3 for discrepancies: Errors made by the Bank or the Accountant.

Purpose of Bank Reconciliation to identify and correct discrepancies.

Necessity of Bank Reconciliation for accurate financial reporting.

Frequency of Bank Reconciliations depending on the size of the business.

Step 1: Gathering Bank Statement and Cash Book for reconciliation.

Step 2: Setting up the Bank Reconciliation Template.

Step 3: Ticking off matching transactions to exclude from reconciliation.

Step 4: Calculating the adjusted Bank Statement balance.

Step 5: Calculating the adjusted Cash Book balance.

Step 6: Checking that the adjusted totals match each other.

Step 7: Preparing the necessary Journal Entries to update the General Ledger.

Completion of the Bank Reconciliation process and its impact on the 'True Cash Balance'.

Transcripts

play00:00

Want to learn how to do a Bank Reconciliation?

play00:02

In this video I'll show you how to reconcile the

play00:05

Bank Statement to the Cash Book

play00:06

in 7 simple steps...

play00:08

[Music]

play00:12

Hey viewers, I'm James and welcome to

play00:14

Accounting Stuff. The channel that teaches

play00:16

you all there is to know about Accounting Basics

play00:19

and Bookkeeping Software. In this video you'll learn how to

play00:22

prepare a full Bank Reconciliation

play00:24

like this one by yourself

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from scratch. Looks a bit scary doesn't it?

play00:29

But don't worry I'm going to break down the process for you

play00:32

into seven easy steps that'll make this whole Bank Rec

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business seem like a piece of cake.

play00:36

I've had to review my fair share of bank reconciliations

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in my previous life as an Auditor and today I'd like to

play00:43

share with you the approach that I find easiest to follow.

play00:46

And before I forget… this video is a continuation of

play00:48

our series on Accounting Basics, so if you'd like to see more videos

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just like this then check out the playlist up here

play00:54

and don't forget to subscribe. Let's do this...

play00:57

First off.. There are a couple of definitions

play00:59

that we need to clarify... A Bank Statement...

play01:02

A Bank Statement is a list of all of

play01:04

the cash receipts and withdrawals that a business thinks it has made over

play01:07

a period of time. And it's managed as you would expect

play01:10

by the Bank.

play01:13

A Cash Book

play01:14

is an Accounting record of what a business thinks it has in

play01:17

the bank along with all the cash inflows (debits) and

play01:21

cash outflows (credits). It's managed

play01:23

by the Business itself, usually by an Accountant

play01:26

or Bookkeeper. So on the one hand the Bank

play01:28

produces a Bank Statement and on the other

play01:31

the Business maintains a Cash Book.

play01:33

In an ideal world the closing balances of both

play01:35

of these should equal each other exactly.

play01:38

However in reality that's not the case...

play01:41

and it's actually the reason why the Bank Reconciliation exists…

play01:44

To make sure that these reports agree on what's been

play01:46

going down in the bank. I'll show you how that works

play01:50

in the moment, but first,

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let me explain why the Bank Statement and Cash Book

play01:54

might disagree with each other in the first place...

play01:56

There are three ways that these differences can come about...

play01:59

Reason Number 1…

play02:00

Omissions.

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Omissions relate to transactions that appear on the

play02:03

Bank Statement but haven't yet been recorded by the

play02:06

Business in the Cash Book. These include things like

play02:09

Missing Receipts, Interest Received,

play02:11

Bank Fees

play02:12

and Bounced Cheques.

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A business might not know that these transactions have

play02:16

hit their bank account until they receive their

play02:18

Bank Statement at the end of the month.

play02:21

Reason Number Two…

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Timing Differences.

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These are transactions that are recorded in the

play02:25

Bank Statement and the Cash Book in

play02:27

different periods. The two most common

play02:30

Timing Differences are Deposits in Transit

play02:32

and Outstanding Cheques... A Deposit in Transit

play02:35

or as some people like to call it...

play02:37

an Unrecorded Deposit. Relates to cash that a

play02:40

business receives and records in it's cash book

play02:42

during one period but that doesn't appear in it's

play02:45

bank statement until the following period.

play02:47

Typically these are cheques or Electronic Fund Transfers

play02:50

that the business

play02:51

receives from customers towards the end of the month

play02:53

that the bank doesn't process immediately.

play02:56

An Outstanding Cheque is a cheque that a business sends

play02:58

to a supplier in one month, that might just sit on their desk

play03:01

for a while and not actually get cashed in until the following month.

play03:04

So again we have that timing difference between

play03:06

when the transaction is recorded in the

play03:08

Bank Statement and the Cash Book.

play03:10

The third way that we get differences between the

play03:12

Bank Statement and the Cash Book

play03:14

is because of Errors.

play03:15

Someone has messed up.

play03:17

Now these errors can be made by the Bank or the Accountant

play03:19

preparing the Cash Book. But more often than not,

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it's these guys...

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Shhh…

play03:24

So we first look for errors

play03:25

in the Cash Book, not the Bank Statement.

play03:28

Although that is also possible...

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Make sense?

play03:31

Good, so we've identified Omissions,

play03:34

Timing Differences and Errors which can all

play03:36

cause differences between the Bank Statement

play03:38

and the Cash Book. The purpose of the

play03:40

Bank Reconciliation is to identify every single one

play03:43

of these errors so we know what the heck is going on.

play03:45

It then tees us up nicely to post a journal into the General Ledger

play03:49

and bring that Cash Book up to date

play03:51

by accounting for Omissions and correcting for Errors.

play03:54

Those Timing Differences in the Bank Statement...

play03:56

well there's not much we accountants can do about those

play03:58

except identify them and let them sort them sort

play04:00

themselves out in a future periods.

play04:03

That's all well and good but why is this useful?

play04:05

Why is it necessary? Well I touched on it

play04:07

a moment ago, but the Bank Reconciliation

play04:09

is essential if you want to ensure that your books are

play04:11

up to date and give an accurate picture of the business.

play04:15

It also allows you to calculate the 'True Cash Balance'

play04:18

of the business. That's how much money you've

play04:19

got after all of the outstanding cheques and

play04:22

deposits have cleared the bank. So when do these

play04:24

Bank Reconciliations actually happen?

play04:27

Most businesses prepare their Bank Recs on a monthly basis

play04:30

after they receive their bank statements at the end of the month

play04:33

Large companies with many

play04:35

transactions might reconcile on a weekly,

play04:37

or even a daily basis. Whereas smaller companies

play04:40

with very few transactions might only reconcile

play04:42

their cash account once every six months.

play04:44

Right, I know what you're probably thinking at this point...

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James you promised me 7 Steps at the start of this video,

play04:50

where's my 7 Steps?

play04:51

Hold tight, they're coming.

play04:53

We've dealt with what,

play04:54

why and when, and now I'm going to show

play04:55

you how to prepare a Bank Reconciliation.

play04:58

About time!

play04:59

To help you visualise these steps, we are going to walk through them

play05:02

With an example company...

play05:04

Chudley Cannons Inc.

play05:06

If your a Harry Potter

play05:07

nerd like I am… then your probably aware

play05:09

that that's Rons favourite Quidditch Team.

play05:11

Trivia

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Or, if you've been following Accounting Stuff for

play05:13

a while now... you might also remember

play05:15

the Cannons from my videos on the Cash Flow Statement.

play05:18

Which are up here. For this example,

play05:19

we are going to reconcile the Chudley Cannon's

play05:21

Cash Account for the month ended 30th June.

play05:25

And now...

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The moment we've all been waiting for…

play05:27

Bring on those steps...

play05:29

Step 1 Get copies of the

play05:31

Bank Statement and Cash Book

play05:33

for the period that you want to reconcile...

play05:35

So let's grab those then...

play05:38

On the left side of the screen

play05:39

we've got a copy of the Chudley Cannon's

play05:41

Bank Statement from Gringotts.

play05:43

This lists out all of the amounts deducted and added to the

play05:47

Cannon's Cash Account in June along with descriptions

play05:49

and the Opening and Closing Balances.

play05:52

And beneath me we have a Transaction Listing for the

play05:54

Unadjusted Cash Account. This comes straight from

play05:57

the General Ledger and details all of the transactions affecting

play06:00

the Cash Book.

play06:01

Along with dates, descriptions,

play06:03

Debits and Credits,

play06:04

Opening and Closing Balances. You'll notice that both of

play06:08

these reports are for the period ended 30th June.

play06:11

They both have a very similar layout and we do not

play06:13

want to confuse things. So let's jot down

play06:15

Bank Statement and Cash Book

play06:17

to make things clearer.

play06:18

Perfect…

play06:19

It's time for Step 2. Set up the

play06:21

Bank Reconciliation Template. So open a spreadsheet

play06:24

or grab some paper and let's give this Bank Reconciliation

play06:28

a header. Beneath that,

play06:29

we want to divide the page in two,

play06:31

with the Bank Statement on the left and the

play06:33

Cash Book on the right. The reconciliation begins with

play06:36

the Unadjusted Closing Balances from each report.

play06:40

These are our starting points and the aim is to calculate

play06:43

the Adjusted Closing Balances for each side

play06:46

to reconcile these numbers. To help us with that...

play06:49

It's useful to note down the unreconciled amount

play06:52

at the bottom of the page. The aim of the game here

play06:55

is to get this to zero. So what's going on

play06:57

in the middle here? We've got a lot of blank space.

play07:00

This is where all of our adjustment go.

play07:02

Remember the Omissions, Timing Differences

play07:03

and Errors that we talked about earlier?

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We adjust the Bank Statement

play07:07

for Timing Differences and Errors that are caused by the Bank.

play07:10

And we adjust the Cash Book for Omissions

play07:12

and Errors made by the Accountant or Bookkeeper.

play07:15

Timing Differences are made up of Deposits in Transit,

play07:18

which we need to add to the closing Bank Statement balance.

play07:21

And Outstanding Cheques that we need to deduct.

play07:24

Bank Errors

play07:25

they can go either way...It depends on the situation.

play07:28

On the Cash Book side... Some common Omissions

play07:30

are the Missing Receipts and Interest that we

play07:32

need to add. Along with Bank Fees

play07:35

and Bounced Cheques that we need to deduct.

play07:37

The Errors in the Cash Book also depend

play07:40

on the circumstances. There we go...

play07:42

the full Bank Reconciliation template.

play07:44

We'll enter the numbers in a moment.

play07:46

But before that we've got Step 3. Tick all of the matching

play07:49

transactions in the Bank Statement

play07:51

and Cash Book. These all agree with each other

play07:54

already so we're going to tick them off so that we don't

play07:56

include them in the Bank Reconciliation.

play07:57

A quick glance over the Statements

play07:59

shows us that... We can see a deposit

play08:01

of $3,592 in the Bank Statement and

play08:05

Cash Book. Cheque 104 for $235

play08:09

also appears in both reports. As does the EFT payment

play08:12

for $545 dollars. And last but not least

play08:16

we have the EFT receipt for $15,982.

play08:20

Cheque number 106 also appears in both statements but

play08:24

the amounts are different

play08:25

Hmm...

play08:26

We'll revisit that one.

play08:27

Moving swiftly on to

play08:28

Step Number 4. Here we need to calculate

play08:30

the adjusted Bank Statement balance.

play08:32

Let's go... Our template is telling us

play08:35

that we need to add Deposits in Transit.

play08:38

Deposits in Transit relate to Receipts that a business receives

play08:40

in one period, and that the Bank deposits

play08:42

in another. So we are looking for

play08:44

a debit that increases our cash in the Cash Book

play08:46

and that doesn't appear in the Bank Statement.

play08:48

On the 30th June, we can see a transaction

play08:50

for $2,220 that seems to fit the bill because

play08:54

there is no sign of it over here.

play08:56

So we need to give that one a reference,

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let's say 'a' and add it to the Bank Statement side

play09:00

of our Bank Rec. It goes here because that

play09:02

transaction already exists in our Cash Book,

play09:04

making up part of the unadjusted balance.

play09:06

Next, we want to find any Outstanding Cheques.

play09:09

These are the cheques that the Cannon's have

play09:10

sent out to a customer this month,

play09:12

that haven't been cashed in yet.

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They will appear as a credit or reduction to

play09:16

cash in the Cash Book because the payment has

play09:18

been recognised in the General Ledger but there

play09:20

will be no sign of them in the Bank Statement because

play09:23

they haven't been cashed in yet.

play09:24

Hmmm...

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Cheque 105 jumps out at me.

play09:27

The Cannon's have recorded the payment of $910

play09:31

on the 12th June and it doesn't appear

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in the Bank Statement. Let's identify this as

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transaction 'b' and deduct it from the Bank Statement

play09:38

side of our Bank Reconciliation.

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Remember this transaction already appears in the Cash Book

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and we expect this customer to cash the cheque

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the following month which is when it will appear

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the Bank Statement. So for now we

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adjust the Bank Statement. The final adjustment to

play09:51

include on the Bank Statement side

play09:52

of the Bank Rec would be any Bank Errors

play09:55

that exist. We don't appear to have any

play09:57

here and more often than not, that's the case.

play09:59

If you happen to come across any in your

play10:01

Bank Reconciliations then it's best to identify the

play10:04

adjustment and contact the bank so that they can

play10:06

fix the error ASAP.

play10:08

Look I don't know, it's your problem.

play10:09

Sort it out…

play10:10

Now that we've worked out the adjusted closing

play10:12

Bank balance we should be feeling pretty confident

play10:15

that we've worked out the 'True Cash Balance'

play10:17

of the business...

play10:17

$53,498.

play10:21

That's the Cash balance after all Outstanding Cheques

play10:24

and Deposits have cleared the Bank.

play10:25

But we won't know for sure until we have finished Step 5....

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Which is where we calculate the adjusted Cash Book Balance.

play10:32

That means we're on the look out for Omissions

play10:34

or stuff that's in here… that we haven't recorded in here...

play10:38

We've already written down some of the common Omissions in our

play10:40

Bank Reconciliation template so let's work through these.

play10:44

Missing receipts are amounts that have been added to

play10:46

our Bank Account that we haven't recorded in our Cash Book.

play10:50

In this Bank Statement we can see that the Cannon's

play10:52

received an Electronic Funds Transfer

play10:54

for $1,000 on the 29th June and I can't see that anywhere

play10:58

in the Cash Book so we must have missed this one out.

play11:01

Let's reference that as transaction 'c' and add it

play11:03

to our Cash Book balance in our Bank Reconciliation.

play11:06

Right, what's next?

play11:08

Interest Received.

play11:09

We are looking for amounts added to our Bank account

play11:11

that have ‘interest’ in the description.

play11:13

On the 30th June we can see Interest Received of $107.

play11:18

Has it been recorded in the Cash Book already?

play11:20

Nah…

play11:21

So we reference it as

play11:22

transaction 'd' and add it to our Cash Book balance

play11:25

in our Bank Rec.

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Bank fees.

play11:28

These are costs that the Bank charges us for

play11:30

keeping our account open.

play11:32

I can see that $50

play11:34

was deducted from our account on the 17th June

play11:37

and we haven't included it in our Cash Book.

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We're going to label this one as transaction 'e' and this time we are going to

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deduct it from our Cash Book balance

play11:44

in our Bank Rec because we need to

play11:45

recognise the payment. The last Omission that we're

play11:47

looking for is Bounced Cheques. These are cheques that

play11:51

customers have mailed to us, and that we've deposited in the bank.

play11:54

Only to find that these have been rejected because the

play11:56

customer didn't have sufficient funds to

play11:58

honour the cheque. This kind of cheque

play12:00

is normally labelled as an NSF cheque.

play12:03

NSF stands for 'Not Sufficient Funds'.

play12:06

We can see one in the Bank Statement here...

play12:09

NSF Cheque 2748 and the Bank has deducted

play12:12

$6,000 from our account. We need to reference this

play12:15

as transaction 'f' and deduct it from our

play12:17

Cash Book Balance in our Bank Reconciliation.

play12:20

I smell the finish line.

play12:21

The Unreconciled Amount is

play12:22

now just $45 and all that's left do is to

play12:25

find errors in the Cash Book. This is going to be easy

play12:28

to spot because we've followed all of the steps and have ticked

play12:31

and referenced all of the other transactions already.

play12:34

And as if that wasn't enough, we've got a note beneath the

play12:36

Cash Account Transaction Listing that explains

play12:38

what the error is. Cheque number 106 is for $7,050.

play12:42

And it's been incorrectly entered into the General Ledger.

play12:46

It looks as though the Bookkeeper or Accountant

play12:48

that entered this cheque made a typo or something

play12:50

because it's been correctly recorded in our Bank Statement.

play12:53

No worries, we will reference that as

play12:54

transaction (g) and deduct the

play12:56

difference of $45 from the Cash Book Balance

play12:59

in our Bank Rec.

play13:00

Tad Daaaa!

play13:02

Our Unreconciled Amount is now zero!

play13:04

And that also means that we have completed Step 6.

play13:07

Check that the adjusted

play13:08

totals match each other.

play13:10

In order to complete the Bank Reconciliation

play13:12

it's critical that the adjusted Bank Balance

play13:14

matches the adjusted Cash Book Balance

play13:16

exactly. That proves that we have

play13:18

recorded all of the Cash Transactions in the

play13:20

General Ledger and what we've worked out here is our

play13:23

'True Cash Balance' of $53,498. If you are still getting a difference

play13:29

in your Bank Reconciliation then unfortunately there is an

play13:31

error somewhere in your workings so you'll need to go back

play13:34

over all those steps and make sure that you've

play13:35

done them correctly. But today not my friend, not today...

play13:39

We've crushed this Bank Rec so we can move on to

play13:41

the last part of the process. Step 7.

play13:44

Prepare the necessary Journal Entries.

play13:46

This is very important because if we don't post these journals

play13:48

to correct the Cash balance in the current month,

play13:50

then all of these Cash Book adjustments will just appear again

play13:53

next time we do the Bank Rec.

play13:54

So let's do our future-selves a solid.

play13:57

And prepare the journals.

play13:57

We'll be thanking ourselves later.

play13:59

Just to be clear..

play14:00

the adjustments that we have identified in the

play14:02

Bank Statement side are all Timing Differences.

play14:05

We can leave these be and they will correct

play14:06

themselves in the future when the Bank records

play14:08

our Deposit and when that Customer

play14:10

cashes that cheque. We are only posting

play14:12

Journal Entries for the adjustments that affect

play14:14

our Cash Book. So let's do it...

play14:16

If your feeling kind of unsure about Journal Entries

play14:18

then that's ok...

play14:20

Pause this video and check out this one up here

play14:22

that I made explaining them.

play14:23

We need to lay out our

play14:24

Journal Entry Template with the Date,

play14:26

Account, Debit and Credit columns.

play14:29

For the Date, we're going to pick the 30th June

play14:31

for all these entries because it's the last day of the month

play14:34

and it makes month-end correcting journals

play14:36

like this one easy for us spot when reviewing the general ledger.

play14:40

Going into this, we also know that one side

play14:42

of each transaction has to hit

play14:44

the Cash account because these are all Cash Book adjustments.

play14:47

Let's take it from the top...

play14:48

Transaction 'c' was for

play14:49

Missing Receipts of $1,000. We are adding this to our

play14:54

Cash account so we need to debit cash by $1,000

play14:57

and the other side of the journal is a credit to

play15:00

decrease Accounts Receivables because one of our

play15:02

customers has paid us. Next we have transaction 'd'.

play15:07

Interest received of $107. Again this is a debit to Cash

play15:12

because the Cannon's have earned that Interest

play15:14

and the other side is a credit to Interest Income

play15:18

which is a form of Revenue. In Transaction 'e' we were

play15:21

charged Bank Fees so we need to credit Cash by $50

play15:25

to decrease them and debit Bank Fees to

play15:28

recognise the expense. Then we have Transaction 'f'

play15:31

which was for a $6,000 Bounced Cheque.

play15:33

We credit Cash for this too to reduce our Cash balance

play15:37

and we debit Accounts Receivable to increase it because the

play15:40

customer still owes us that $6,000.

play15:43

And on to the final journal. This one is for Transaction 'g'

play15:47

which is an error that we need to correct.

play15:49

We had mistakenly recorded a cheque payment in

play15:51

our Cash Book at $7,005 which was actually

play15:55

meant for $7,050. So we need to credit Cash

play15:59

to recognise the higher payment value and

play16:01

debit Accounts Payable to bring those down.

play16:04

Oh yeah..

play16:05

That's the full Steps 1-7 complete.

play16:07

All that's left to do is to post this journal and the

play16:10

General Ledger will be updated for the June period to reflect

play16:13

the 'True Cash Balance' of our business.

play16:15

Our work here is done.

play16:16

That's how to prepare

play16:17

a Bank Reconciliation from start to finish.

play16:20

I hope you find those 7 Steps useful

play16:22

and start putting them into practice in

play16:24

your real life Bank Recs.

play16:25

Thanks for watching this video

play16:26

if you found it useful, give it a like,

play16:28

share it, comment,

play16:29

subscribe if you haven’t already! There are new videos

play16:31

every week here on Accounting Stuff.

play16:33

Best of luck with those Bank Reconciliations.

play16:36

If you keep to these Seven Steps you'll smash them every time no problem.

play16:39

See ya next time!

play16:41

[Music]

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