THE 1973 CONSTITUTION OF THE PHILIPPINES

Summary

In 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law in the Philippines and introduced the 1973 Constitution, transitioning the government from a presidential to a parliamentary system. The new constitution established the National Assembly, which elected a Prime Minister as the head of government and the Supreme Court, with justices appointed by the Prime Minister. Marcos' authoritarian rule under this constitution was challenged and ultimately ended with the People Power Revolution in 1986.

Takeaways

• 📜 The 1973 Constitution of the Philippines was established under President Ferdinand Marcos' martial law.
• 📝 Proclamation No. 1081 was issued on September 21, 1972, initiating martial law in the Philippines.
• 🗓️ The draft of the 1973 Constitution was approved on November 13, 1972, and ratified on January 17, 1973.
• 🏛️ The constitution shifted the government from a presidential to a parliamentary system.
• 👨‍⚖️ The Prime Minister, elected from the National Assembly, served as the head of government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
• 👩‍💼 The President, also elected from the National Assembly, acted as the symbolic head of state with a six-year term.
• ⚖️ The Supreme Court, comprising a Chief Justice and 14 justices, held judicial power, with all appointments made by the Prime Minister.
• 📊 The 1973 Constitution, also known as the 'Marcos Constitution,' introduced several amendments differing from previous constitutions.
• 🏳️‍🌟 The 'EDSA Revolution' of 1986 led to the fall of Marcos' authoritarian rule and the end of the 1973 Constitution's era.
• 🔗 The script provided links to sources that support the information presented about the 1973 Constitution.

Q & A

What significant event led to the creation of the 1973 Constitution of the Philippines?

President Ferdinand Marcos issued Proclamation No. 1081 on September 21, 1972, placing the entire Philippines under martial law, which led to the creation of the 1973 Constitution.

When was the 1973 Constitution of the Philippines formally approved?

The draft of the 1973 Constitution was formally approved by the Constitutional Convention on November 13, 1972.

Who announced the ratification of the 1973 Constitution?

President Marcos announced the ratification of the 1973 Constitution through Proclamation No. 1102 on January 17, 1973.

What was the term length for the President under the 1973 Constitution?

The President under the 1973 Constitution served for six years.

How did the 1973 Constitution change the system of government in the Philippines?

The 1973 Constitution shifted the system of government from a presidential to a parliamentary system.

Who was elected as the head of government under the 1973 Constitution?

A Prime Minister was elected among the members of the National Assembly to serve as the head of government.

What was the role of the President under the 1973 Constitution?

The President under the 1973 Constitution served as the symbolic head of state.

Who had the power to appoint justices of the Supreme Court and judges of lower courts under the 1973 Constitution?

The Prime Minister had the power to appoint all justices of the Supreme Court and judges of the lower courts.

How did the 1973 Constitution differ from the previous constitution?

The 1973 Constitution differed in many ways, including changes to the congress, powers, functions, and the introduction of several amendments during Marcos's lifetime.

What was the term used to describe the 1973 Constitution in terms of its governance style?

The 1973 Constitution was also referred to as 'constitutional authoritarianism.'

What event led to the end of the 1973 Constitution's implementation?

The 'People Power Revolution' of 1986 led to the end of the 1973 Constitution's implementation and the fall of Marcos's regime.