This Video Will Make You See Things Differently - Alan Watts On The Illusion Of The Future
Summary
TLDR这段视频探讨了西方人和印度、佛教徒对时间和未来的不同看法。西方人认为未来是可以规划和争取的,但印度和佛教的哲学认为,一切最终都会瓦解,因此没有什么值得期盼的未来。视频还批评了西方社会对进步的盲目追求,特别是企业界为未来和金钱奋斗,却往往导致个人的不幸福。最后,视频强调了只有活在当下,真正理解如何享受现在,才能合理规划未来,否则永远无法开始真正的生活。
Takeaways
- 🌱 西方文化认为未来是我们应该承担责任的,并认为未来是值得期待的。
- 🧘♂️ 印度教和佛教的时间观念认为一切终将瓦解,没有什么值得期待的未来。
- 🔄 印度教徒认为时间是循环的,生命和宇宙只是不断重复,而不是像西方人认为的那样向前进步。
- 💡 西方人认为历史是进步的,但他们常常不知道自己要去往何处,盲目追求所谓的‘进步’。
- 💰 尽管西方人追求财富和成功,但很多富人却被繁琐的事务和虚无的目标困扰,生活并不幸福。
- 🔧 科技和工具只有在了解自身需求和现状时才有意义,否则它们只是空洞的追求。
- 🔥 美国立法严禁焚烧国旗,但与此同时却允许对环境和资源的严重破坏,这种象征与现实的矛盾非常明显。
- 💼 商业领袖为了未来的成功而牺牲当下的生活,最终陷入痛苦和疾病,追求的是虚幻的目标。
- 🕰 人们应该关注当下的生活,而不是执着于未来的未知和无法控制的东西。
- 🎉 真正的生活应该从现在开始,无需等待未来或他人的认可。
Q & A
1. 视频中提到的西方世界对于未来的看法是什么?
-西方世界普遍认为未来是我们需要负责和追求的东西,他们相信生活应该为未来而活。
2. 印度教和佛教对时间的看法与西方世界有何不同?
-印度教和佛教认为时间是循环的,最终一切都会分崩离析,而西方则认为时间是进步的,有一个向上的发展方向。
3. 为什么印度人对未来持悲观态度?
-印度人认为所有事物最终都会衰败,生命是一个轮回,因此对未来没有太多期待,而他们嘲笑西方人对未来的执着。
4. 东方人如何看待历史?
-东方人认为历史是一个循环的过程,生活一代又一代地重复,没有进步的意义。他们不认为历史有明确的进展方向。
5. 西方世界如何理解进步和未来?
-西方人认为进步是朝向一个目标发展的过程,但大多数人并不清楚自己要走向何方。
6. 为什么视频中的讲者认为大企业家往往感到不快乐?
-因为他们被日常的工作文件所淹没,虽然拥有财富,却没有时间享受生活或建立真实的情感连接。
7. 讲者如何批评西方人对金钱的追求?
-讲者认为西方人对金钱的追求是一种虚幻的目标,许多富有的人并不知道如何享受他们的财富,只是不断追求更多。
8. 讲者认为现代社会的人在追求什么样的抽象概念?
-讲者批评现代社会的人追求金钱、未来和历史等抽象概念,而忽视了当下的实际生活。
9. 讲者对美国国会通过禁止焚烧国旗的法案有何看法?
-讲者认为这是混淆了象征世界和真实世界的表现,国旗象征美国,而同时这些政治家却在破坏国家的实际资源。
10. 讲者对如何正确使用时间的看法是什么?
-讲者认为人们只有在现在的时刻活着,知道如何利用当下,才能为未来制定有意义的计划。
Outlines
🔄 西方与东方的时间观念对比
第1段讨论了西方与印度教/佛教等东方文化对时间的不同看法。西方人相信未来是我们应该承担责任并为之而活的,而东方人认为随着时间的推移,一切终将分崩离析,生命的未来是必然的死亡。东方文化认为时间是循环的,类似于星系运转的圆形运动,而西方则追求进步和历史。西方人批评东方的“悲观主义”,而东方人则嘲笑西方的盲目追求未来,认为西方人的历史观毫无意义,因为他们追求的未来最终也不可避免地走向毁灭。
💼 现代商业与富人的虚无生活
第2段批判了现代商业社会中富有企业家的生活状态。尽管他们拥有巨额财富,但却被繁琐的工作和决策困住,生活充满了压力和不快乐。他们被纸质文件和数字包围,过着单调的生活,与真正的物质世界脱节。尽管他们象征着成功,但他们为了未来的虚幻目标而牺牲了当下的幸福,这种生活方式被讽刺为追求一种“无意义的未来”,并最终导致内心的空虚和身体的疾病。
⏳ 抽象的未来与现实的毁灭
第3段继续探讨未来的抽象性与当下生活的现实脱节。以美国为例,尽管立法严厉惩罚焚烧国旗的行为,但同时却允许国家的自然资源和环境被破坏,象征物与现实世界的冲突被放大。技术和历史的追求应该为活在当下服务,而不是破坏当下。人们应该学会在‘现在’中生活,才能真正为未来做有意义的计划,而不是一味追求虚幻的未来。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡未来
💡时间观
💡历史
💡进步
💡抽象目标
💡技术与现实
💡象征世界与现实世界
💡资本主义困境
💡东方哲学
💡生活当下
Highlights
未来是我们要为之负责的,也是我们必须为之而活的。
西方人认为未来是进步的方向,但印度教徒和佛教徒认为时间终将使一切崩溃。
所有生物和个体最终都会消亡,未来意味着死亡。
西方世界认为时间是像阶梯一样的进步,而印度教徒认为时间是循环的。
东方人对历史的理解是循环性的,他们没有明确的进步观念。
如果我们不知道我们要去哪里,谈论进步是毫无意义的。
人们在追求进步时,实际上不知道自己想要什么。
最重要的事情是我们每个人都是存在的化身,这才是我们拥有的最重要的东西。
追求物质财富的人通常是最不快乐的,因为他们被琐事淹没。
很多大公司领导者实际上被无尽的统计数据和决策所困扰,无法享受生活。
追求金钱和未来的目标实际上带来的是困扰和痛苦。
西方世界常常将象征世界与现实世界混淆,导致他们做出自我毁灭的选择。
国会通过了禁止焚烧国旗的法律,但同时却允许破坏国家的资源。
为未来而工作是没有意义的,除非我们今天就知道如何生活。
真正的生活和幸福只能在当下找到,而不是通过为未来做计划。
Transcripts
we believe that the future is what we're
responsible for and what we're supposed
to live
for and that we say of thing which we
don't think is any good it has no
future now when you contrast that which
is absolute common sense to most people
living in the western world it's the
future we've got to work from contrast
that with the Indian Hindu Buddhist idea
of
time wherein which they feel that in the
course of time
everything falls
[Music]
apart and that
therefore there is nothing to be hoped
for from the
future now they would say to us isn't
that obvious to you because after all
don't you see that all organisms all
entities whatsoever fall apart in the
end some go fast some go
slow what do you mean the
future individuals all fall apart
eventually whole species fall apart
something else comes true but for each
thing that you can consider as an entity
as an individual as a
species its future is
death and then they say to us
furthermore you think of time as a
progress as something like a Stairway or
an ascending ladder that goes on and on
and up and up maybe it has bumps in it
where it occasionally goes down but it's
like a graph you know of a successful
business Corporation looks like this see
that's how they want their graph to
look the Hindu says this you're absurd
the very thing you use for telling time
is round don't you see it just goes
round and so uh look at the stars isn't
everything going round aren't the
galaxies going
[Music]
round it is going round and round it
isn't going
anywhere except round
and we say to
them oh you poor
Hindus the trouble with you is that you
don't have any
technology you have a terrible economy
most of you are starving and you think
life is just terrible and therefore you
have a pessimistic view of
it well that makes them laugh themselves
silly they have a pessimistic
view well because the point is we're not
pessimistic because we know that the
whole thing is a hoax we know who we
really are and you poor westerners
you're bugy you you rush around with
long
noses you have deep set eyes and you go
poking your noses into everything you
send out missionaries because you are so
uncertain of your own opinions that you
have to convert everyone else to agree
with
you and uh you're quite
mad but you live for the future and poor
suckers all you do of course by living
for the future is you create a great
deal of trouble because you think you're
involved in a process called history now
here comes the another the very
important matter history I've had the
most amusing discussions with
orientals and they have really no sense
of history at all for them life goes
around and um one year is pretty much
the same as the next year
there are rhythms of birth and death
there are rhythms of rulers and
revolutions and this and that but they
don't they don't regard it as as having
some important progression in
it we on the other hand we really don't
know and can't talk about
progress unless we know where we're
going and are making progress towards
that uh desired object
but most people involved in what they
call progress haven't the faintest idea
where they're
going you've got to answer two
questions the first is what do you want
and the second is what do you mean by
yourself well if I answer as a kind of a
sensible human being what do I want in
life the really important thing I have
had from the beginning
which is that I'm an incarnation of the
ground of being like everybody
else that's the most important thing
because you can't get rid of
that the next thing is of course I want
food I want um
friendship companions
love and general singing and dancing and
so
on and these are more or less attainable
mat iial
realities but then I look at my very
wealthy friends who ought to be able to
have all these things especially those
who are extremely active in business and
I realize they don't have
them they are the most miserable
people here you're a great executive of
a very very important
Corporation begin with you are drowned
in
paper you do nothing but scan paper and
make decisions about paper all day you
may be the director of an oil company
you never get within sight of oil except
when you drive your car uh mostly you're
surrounded with statistics about oil
finances about oil and you are smothered
in this and you have to spend almost all
day in a wretched office building in a
place like New
York you dress like a funeral
director I've had lunch at the board of
directors of a very important oil
company that will she be nameless and
it's like eating in a College
cafeteria the food was just I mean it
was good food it was extremely ordinary
but you would expect these great
millionaires to be having caviar and uh
glorious fish in aspic and wines and
beautiful waitresses serving them and to
be lounging at tables like Romans no
sir uh if you've read an article in look
this week by Marshall mccluhan and
George Leonard future of sex brings up
some information that what they call the
Narrow Gauge specialized
male that is the sort of guy who gets
out there and sells you know he mustn't
have any
feelings because that would be unmanly
to have any
feelings but so many of these men are
like that and it says that that role
playing of that kind of male gives you
ulcers and uh all kinds of complaint sa
and is more deadly than facing the
bullets in
Vietnam and they all die before their
wives because they are engaged in the
pursuit of a completely fatuous
goal this fatuous goal is the
future and it is symbolized Above All by
money they make lots of it and uh have
much more than they can even think about
and they have no idea what to do with it
except make more except invest it in
bigger and bigger units of
[Music]
something while they are harassed about
that and they're wondering about the
antitrust boys the internal revenue
their competitors and all these ghouls
who are involved in the
game they lie awake
nights uh they can't go home and throw
the whole thing off they have to get
completely boozed that's one way out or
TR ized which is another way out or
something or
other in order to take
[Music]
it and they call themselves
realists you see they're utterly
unrelated to the physical
universe so this guy who thinks he works
for the future this Great Captain of
industry condemns himself mostly to
misery there are a few exceptions
naturally but my point is that we are
fighting abstraction
four
abstractions recently the Congress of
the United States passed an act against
burning the American
flag stiff penalties for burning the
flag and those same people who passed
that act with a great flurry of
patriotic speeches were actively burning
up the country for which the flag stands
they are allowing every kind of
scoundrel use of the water the
air the natural resources and uh
exploitation of the
people until the whole thing is being
converted into a smog
bowl and this is the America the
Beautiful burn up the flag is terrible
burn up the country is quite
okay because these people are confused
completely confused between the symbolic
world and the real world
and so this historical thing you see
which is a destiny in the
future always being pursued is
completely destructive because
technology clocks instruments
measurements are fine for people who
know how to use them people who know
what they
want you can make significant plans for
the
future if and only if
you are alive today and now and know how
to live now and know what to do with
now but if you don't you see you never
will because the only the only time to
start living is
immediately do it I mean you know uh why
wait around for something to happen uh
let's let's live it up now let's have a
ball you
see but we don't
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