Relations Paris - Londres : des origines à Charles III - Le dessous des cartes - L'essentiel | ARTE
Summary
TLDRThe video script discusses the complex relationship between France and the United Kingdom, two former colonial powers and current nuclear-armed nations in Europe, both with seats on the United Nations Security Council. It highlights their historical conflicts and alliances, from the Hundred Years' War and Napoleonic Wars to World Wars I and II. The script also touches on the UK's late entry into the European Union and its decision not to adopt the Euro, the establishment of the Channel Tunnel in 1994, and the Brexit vote in 2020. Current issues include the end of free movement of people, goods, services, and capital, fishing disputes, and migration tensions. The script mentions the Aukus agreement, which did not include France and cost it a submarine deal with Australia. However, the war in Ukraine has shifted perspectives, with the UK being a key European ally and the second-largest arms supplier to Ukraine after the United States.
Takeaways
- 👑 The British will sing 'God Save the King' during the coronation of Charles III on Saturday, May 6th in London, with world leaders including French President Emmanuel Macron in attendance.
- 🇫🇷🇬🇧 The relationship between the United Kingdom and France is unique, marked by both alliance and rivalry, with both nations being former colonial powers and current nuclear-armed states in Europe.
- 🔑 Both the UK and France are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, highlighting their significant roles in global affairs.
- 🌊 The English Channel, a strategic maritime space, separates France from England by 33 km and has been a point of contention between the two nations historically.
- 🤝 World War I marked a turning point in Franco-British relations, with the two countries becoming allies, a bond that continued through World War II.
- ⏳ In 1949, both London and Paris joined NATO, although the UK's relationship with the organization has had its complexities.
- 🕰️ The UK joined the European Union in 1973, but unlike France, it did not adopt the euro and later voted for Brexit, which took effect on January 31, 2020.
- 🚧 The Channel Tunnel, opened in 1994, symbolically connects the UK and France, despite the UK's strong attachment to its sovereignty and insularity.
- 🚫 Post-Brexit, the UK and France have had to address several challenging issues, including the end of free movement of people, goods, services, and capital.
- 🛥️ French fishermen, who used to make 25% of their catches in British waters, face problems due to Brexit.
- 🤔 Tensions also arise around migration issues and the clandestine crossings of the English Channel.
- 🤝 The AUKUS partnership, involving Australia, the United States, and the UK, was a point of contention as France was not included and lost a significant submarine contract with Australia.
- 🇺🇦 The war in Ukraine has shifted dynamics, with European countries, including the UK, needing to unite against the threat posed by Putin, with the UK being the second-largest supplier of arms to Ukraine after the USA.
Q & A
What significant event is taking place on May 6th in London?
-The coronation of Charles III is taking place in London on May 6th.
Who is expected to attend the coronation from France?
-The President of France, Emmanuel Macron, is expected to attend the coronation.
What is the historical significance of the relationship between the United Kingdom and France?
-The UK and France are two old colonial powers that are currently the only two European countries possessing nuclear weapons and sitting on the United Nations Security Council.
What is the physical distance between France and England?
-The distance separating France from England is 33 km, across the English Channel.
How did World War I impact the Franco-British relationship?
-World War I marked a turning point in the Franco-British relationship, with the two countries becoming allies.
When did London and Paris choose to join NATO?
-Paris joined NATO in 1949, while London decided to join in 1973.
What is the significance of the Channel Tunnel in the relationship between the UK and France?
-The Channel Tunnel, which was connected in 1994, symbolizes the physical link between the UK and France despite their historical conflicts and differences.
How did Brexit affect the relationship between the UK and France?
-Brexit, which came into effect on January 31, 2020, reaffirmed the UK's commitment to its independence and insularity, leading to thorny issues such as the end of free movement of people, goods, services, and capital, and tensions over fishing rights and migration.
What is the Aukus partnership and how did it affect France?
-The Aukus partnership is a security agreement signed between Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom. France was not included in this agreement and it cost France a valuable submarine contract with Canberra.
How has the war in Ukraine changed the dynamic between the UK and France?
-The war in Ukraine has shifted the lines, with Europe needing the British partner, who is the second-largest supplier of arms to Ukraine after the United States.
Outlines
👑 Coronation of Charles III and Franco-British Relations
The script begins by welcoming viewers to 'The Essential Below the Cards' and setting the stage for the coronation of Charles III, which will take place on Saturday, May 6th in London. It highlights the attendance of world leaders, including French President Emmanuel Macron. The summary explores the unique relationship between the United Kingdom and France, two former colonial powers that are now the only European nations with nuclear weapons and seats on the United Nations Security Council. Despite being unwavering allies, there is also a sense of rivalry in the Franco-British relationship. The script touches upon historical conflicts, such as the Hundred Years' War and the Napoleonic Wars, and notes the turning point in their relationship during the First World War when they became allies. It also mentions their shared NATO membership, the UK's delayed entry into the European Union, and its refusal to adopt the euro. The Channel Tunnel, which connects the UK and France, and the implications of Brexit are also discussed, including the end of free movement of people, goods, services, and capital, as well as issues related to French fishermen and migration. The script concludes with the recent geopolitical tensions surrounding the AUKUS pact and its impact on France's submarine contract with Australia.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Charles III
💡Emmanuel Macron
💡nuclear weapons
💡United Nations Security Council
💡Channel
💡World War I
💡NATO
💡European Union
💡Brexit
💡Channel Tunnel
💡AUKUS
💡Ukraine
Highlights
God Save the King will be sung during the coronation of Charles III on May 6th in London, with world leaders in attendance including French President Emmanuel Macron.
The unique relationship between the United Kingdom and France is revisited, highlighting their status as the only two European countries with nuclear weapons and permanent seats on the UN Security Council.
Despite being unwavering allies, there is also rivalry in the Franco-British relationship, characterized by a 'love-hate' dynamic.
The distance between France and England is highlighted as 33 km, emphasizing the strategic maritime space known as the English Channel.
The English Channel has been a focal point of often conflictual relations between the two countries, from the Hundred Years' War to the Napoleonic Wars.
The First World War marked a turning point in Franco-British relations, with the two countries becoming allies.
During the Second World War, London was the base for the French resistance.
In 1949, both London and Paris chose to join NATO.
London did not join the European Union until 1973 and has refused to adopt the euro, emphasizing the UK's independence and insularity.
Despite joining the EU later, the UK was connected to France by the Channel Tunnel in 1994.
The Brexit vote reaffirmed the British attachment to their insularity, which came into effect on January 31, 2020.
Post-Brexit, London and Paris face thorny issues such as the end of free movement of people, goods, services, and capital.
There are also tensions regarding French fishermen who used to make 25% of their catches in British waters before Brexit.
Migration issues and clandestine crossings of the English Channel have also caused tensions.
The AUKUS partnership, signed between Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom, did not include France and cost them a valuable submarine contract with Canberra.
The war in Ukraine has shifted the dynamics, with Europeans needing the British partner as the second-largest arms supplier to Ukraine after the United States.
Transcripts
Bienvenue dans l’Essentiel du Dessous des Cartes. God save the king. Vont entonner les Britanniques
lors du couronnement de Charles III samedi 6 mai à Londres. Alors que seront les présents
les chefs d’états du monde entier. Parmi eux, le Président français Emmanuel Macron.
L’occasion pour nous de revisiter cette relation si particulière entre le Royaume
Uni et la France. Ces deux anciennes puissances coloniales sont aujourd’hui les deux seules à
posséder l’arme nucléaire en Europe, les seules également à siéger au conseil de
sécurité des Nations Unies. Alors forcément même si elles sont des alliées indéfectibles
il y a aussi de la rivalité dans la relation franco-britannique qui se joue sur un mode
je t’aime moi non plus. Sortons nos cartes.
33 km : C’est la
distance qui sépare la France de l’Angleterre. Voici la Manche, ce petit espace maritime
stratégique entre deux pays aux relations souvent conflictuelles, de la Guerre de
100 ans aux guerres Napoléoniennes. Mais la première guerre mondiale marque
un tournant dans la relation franco-britannique: les deux pays riverains sont désormais des alliés.
De même avec la deuxième guerre mondiale : c’est à Londres que se structure la résistance française.
1949 : Londres et Paris choisissent toutes deux de rejoindre l’OTAN.
En revanche, contrairement à Paris, Londres attend 1973 pour rejoindre l’Union européenne
et refuse d’adopter l’euro : Le Royaume tient à son
indépendance et à son insularité ! Malgré tout en 1994: Le Royaume Uni est
relié par un tunnel sous la Manche à la France ! Mais l’attachement farouche des Britanniques à
leur insularité est réaffirmé avec le vote du brexit, entré en vigueur le 31 janvier 2020.
Londres et Paris se retrouvent dès lors avec
d’épineuses questions à trancher : - la fin de la libre circulation des
personnes, biens, services et capitaux - problème également avec les pêcheurs
français qui réalisaient avant le Brexit 25% de leurs prises dans les eaux britanniques.
-Tensions aussi autour de la question migratoire et des traversés clandestines de la Manche
Enfin : l’affaire Aukus, ce partenariat signé entre l’Australie, les Etats-Unis et
le Royaume-Uni. La France n’y a pas été associée et l’accord lui a coûté un précieux contrat de
vente de sous-marins avec Canberra. Mais le contexte de la guerre en
Ukraine fait bouger les lignes : Face à Poutine, les Européens ont besoin
du partenaire britannique. Deuxième fournisseur d’arme à l’Ukraine après les Etats Unis.
Voilà l’essentiel du DDC c’est fini pour aujourd’hui. A bientôt.
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