Organigrama-Pasos

Principios de Administración

29 Jun 202010:21

Summary

TLDRThis video script delves into unit 9 of 'Principles of Administration,' focusing on creating an organizational chart. It outlines steps for identifying hierarchical levels, recognizing units and their line authority, locating staff advisors, and mapping functional authority relationships. The script emphasizes the chart's role as a communication and analysis tool, highlighting the importance of clarity and simplicity in its design. It also discusses various departmentalization criteria and their representation in the chart.

Takeaways

📊 The script discusses Unit 9 of 'Principles of Administration', focusing on structuring and the creation of organizational charts (organigrams).
🔍 An organigram is described as a visual representation of an organization's formal structure at a specific point in time, akin to a snapshot.
🧩 It serves as a communication tool, allowing anyone to quickly understand the main functions of the organization and the reporting relationships between units.
🔎 It is also an analysis tool, enabling the identification of structural issues within the organization's formal hierarchy.
📈 Common types of organigrams include horizontal, vertical, and mixed, with the mixed type being the focus of the course, combining elements of vertical and horizontal structures.
📝 The process of creating an organigram involves identifying hierarchical levels, recognizing units and their line authority relationships, and indicating staff roles and functional authority relationships.
📋 The script emphasizes not to include personal names in the organigram to maintain its representation of the formal structure, not individual assignments.
👥 The organigram should be designed to be orderly and concise, with units represented by rectangles (entegrams) and connected by solid lines to show the hierarchy.
🔄 It's important to consider the number of areas reporting to each unit to ensure an even layout and to include staff roles that support various units, whether internal or external to the organization.
✅ The organigram should also reflect the departmentalization criteria used by the organization, such as by function, product, or geography, which are noted with numbers in circles next to the relevant units.
📖 The script concludes with a comprehensive organigram example, detailing the application of departmentalization criteria to various units within the organization.

Q & A

What is an organigram?
-An organigram is a graphic representation of the formal structure of an organization at a specific point in time, showing the units or areas that form part of it and the formal relationships between them.
Why is an organigram considered a communication tool?
-An organigram is a communication tool because it allows anyone who observes it to quickly understand the main functions of the organization and the reporting relationships between different units.
What types of organigrams are commonly used to represent organizational structures?
-Common types of organigrams include horizontal, vertical, and mixed models. Other less common models are circular, semicircular, by blocks, and scalar.
Which organigram type will be used in the subject 'Principles of Administration'?
-In the subject 'Principles of Administration', a mixed organigram will be used, starting from the vertical organigram model and including some units with the horizontal model only at the lower levels of the organization.
What is the first step in creating an organigram?
-The first step in creating an organigram is to identify the hierarchical levels that exist within the organization.
How should the hierarchical levels be indicated in an organigram?
-Hierarchical levels should be indicated by drawing dashed lines and labeling each level on one side of the diagram, typically on the left or right.
What is the purpose of using solid lines and rectangles when drawing units or areas in an organigram?
-Solid lines and rectangles are used to represent the units or areas and their reporting relationships, starting from the top down, to ensure symmetry and clarity in the organigram.
Why is it important to consider the number of areas reporting to each unit when drawing an organigram?
-Considering the number of areas reporting to each unit helps to place them equidistantly from each other and in relation to the unit they depend on, ensuring a balanced and understandable organigram.
How are staff advisors represented in an organigram?
-Staff advisors, whether internal or external, are represented with a dashed line coming from the formal authority line, placed either to the left or right of the area they support.
What are the functional relationships in an organigram and how are they depicted?
-Functional relationships are those where one area has authority over another that is not hierarchically under it, for specific issues. These are depicted with diagonal dashed lines in the organigram.
How are the departmentalization criteria indicated in an organigram?
-Departmentalization criteria are indicated by a number inside a circle next to the vertical line coming out of each unit, with a reference section explaining what each number corresponds to.

Outlines

00:00

📊 Understanding Organizational Structure Through Org Charts

This paragraph introduces the concept of an organizational chart, which is a graphical representation of an organization's formal structure at a specific point in time. It serves as a communication tool, allowing anyone who views it to quickly understand the main functions of the organization and the hierarchical relationships between different units. The paragraph also discusses the different types of organizational charts, such as horizontal, vertical, and mixed, with a focus on the mixed model that combines elements of vertical and horizontal structures. The process of creating an organizational chart involves identifying hierarchical levels, recognizing units and their line authority relationships, identifying staff roles, and noting functional authority relationships. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of accurately representing the formal structure and the decision-making behind departmentalization.

05:00

📈 Creating an Org Chart: Steps and Considerations

Paragraph 2 delves into the detailed steps for creating an organizational chart. It starts with identifying the hierarchical levels within an organization, such as general management, departments, divisions, and sections. The paragraph explains the importance of recognizing the units or areas within the organization and their line authority relationships, which are depicted through rectangles (entrograms) connected by solid lines. The paragraph also addresses the representation of staff members who provide support or advice to various areas, either as internal or external advisors. The inclusion of functional authority relationships, which are non-hierarchical but necessary for specific tasks, is also discussed. The paragraph concludes with the identification of departmentalization criteria, which are represented by numbered circles next to the vertical lines of the organizational units, and the need for a reference section to explain these criteria.

10:02

🔍 Finalizing the Org Chart with Departmentalization Criteria

The final paragraph wraps up the discussion on creating an organizational chart by focusing on the departmentalization criteria used by the organization. It explains how these criteria are identified and represented on the chart with numbered circles. The paragraph provides examples of how different units within the organization might be structured based on various criteria such as function, product, customer group, or geographic location. It also highlights the need to include a reference section that correlates the numbered criteria with the corresponding organizational units. The paragraph concludes by stating that the org chart is now complete, reflecting the organization's structure and the rationale behind its departmentalization.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Organigram

An organigram is a graphical representation of the formal structure of an organization at a specific point in time. It is akin to a snapshot that allows observers to quickly discern the units or areas that constitute the organization and the formal relationships between them. In the video, the organigram is central to understanding how the organization is structured and how different units interact. It is used to communicate the main functions of the organization and the hierarchy of authority.

💡Hierarchy

Hierarchy in an organization refers to the arrangement of its members in a series of ranks or levels. The video script discusses identifying hierarchical levels as a key step in creating an organigram, which helps to visualize the chain of command and the relationships between different organizational units. For instance, the script mentions levels such as 'gerencia general' (general management), 'gerencias' (management), 'departamentos' (departments), 'divisiones' (divisions), and 'secciones' (sections).

💡Authority of Line

Authority of Line refers to the direct chain of command within an organization, where each employee has a clear supervisor and is responsible for the supervision of subordinates. The script explains that recognizing these relationships is essential for correctly placing units within the organigram, ensuring that the diagram accurately reflects the supervisory structure.

💡Staff

Staff in an organizational context refers to personnel who provide support to line management but are not directly involved in the organization's primary operations. The video script mentions identifying staff members, such as internal or external advisors, and their relationships to the areas they support within the organigram. This helps to show the advisory and supportive roles within the organization.

💡Functional Departmentalization

Functional Departmentalization is a method of organizing an organization where departments are created based on the functions they perform. The script explains that this criterion is used to group similar activities together, such as production, commercialization, and supply. It is one of the ways organizations structure their units, as seen in the organigram where 'gerencia de producción' (production management) is divided into 'control de calidad' (quality control) and 'fabricación' (manufacturing).

💡Horizontal Organigram

A horizontal organigram is a type of organizational chart where units at the same level are displayed side by side rather than in a vertical hierarchy. The script describes using a horizontal model for lower-level units to simplify the organigram and make it easier to read, such as placing units like 'amasado' (kneading), 'armado' (assembly), and 'cocción' (cooking) below each other.

💡

💡Vertical Organigram

A vertical organigram is a type of organizational chart where units are displayed in a top-down hierarchy, reflecting the levels of authority and the reporting relationships. The video script discusses starting with a vertical organigram as the base and incorporating elements of a horizontal organigram where necessary, particularly for lower-level units.

💡Mixed Organigram

A mixed organigram combines elements of both vertical and horizontal organigrams. The script mentions that the course will focus on creating a mixed organigram, starting with a vertical structure and including some units in a horizontal model at the lower levels of the organization to simplify the reading of the diagram.

💡Advisory Relationships

Advisory relationships in an organization are non-hierarchical connections where one unit or individual provides advice or expertise to another. The video script explains how to depict these relationships in an organigram with dashed lines, showing that while the advisor does not have direct authority, they play a significant role in supporting decision-making or operations.

💡Geographic Departmentalization

Geographic Departmentalization is a method of organizing an organization based on geographical regions or territories. The script gives an example where 'venta minorista' (retail sales) is divided based on different geographic locations such as 'Mar del Plata' and 'Batán,' illustrating how the organigram can reflect the organization's structure based on geographical considerations.

💡Product Departmentalization

Product Departmentalization involves organizing an organization based on the products it produces or sells. The script mentions that 'fabricación' (manufacturing) is divided into 'pizzas' and 'empanadas' (empanadas), showing how the organigram can reflect the organization's structure based on the different products it offers.

Highlights

Introduction to Unit 9 of 'Principles of Administration' focusing on structuring and organizing an organizational chart.

Definition of an organizational chart as a visual representation of the formal structure of an organization at a specific point in time.

Explanation of the organizational chart as a communication tool to quickly understand the main functions and dependencies within an organization.

Description of the organizational chart as an analysis tool to identify structural flaws in the formal organization.

Discussion on the different types of organizational charts, including horizontal, vertical, and mixed models.

Emphasis on working with mixed organizational charts in the course, combining vertical and horizontal models for clarity.

Step-by-step guide to creating an organized and concise organizational chart.

First step in chart creation: Identifying hierarchical levels within the organization.

Second step: Recognizing units or areas and their line authority relationships for proper chart placement.

Third step: Identifying if there are advisors in the organization and their support relationships.

Fourth step: Distinguishing between areas that exceed hierarchical relationships, known as functional authority relationships.

Fifth and final step: Reviewing the entire chart to specify the departmentalization criteria used for unit creation.

Detail on how to graphically represent hierarchical levels using dotted lines and level names.

Instructions for depicting units or areas with rectangles (entite grams) and their line authority relationships using straight lines.

Importance of considering the number of areas depending on each unit for balanced chart layout.

Guidelines for representing lower-level units using a horizontal model to save space and improve understanding.

Explanation of how to graphically include staff personnel who are internal or external advisors to certain areas.

Identification and illustration of functional authority relationships using diagonal dotted lines for non-hierarchical authority.

Final step of identifying the departmentalization criteria with corresponding numbers and references for each unit.

Completion of the organizational chart with all relevant structural and departmentalization details.