How to Speak Ethically
Summary
TLDRThis video script emphasizes the importance of ethical public speaking, outlining six key principles for audience-centered communication. It advocates for clear, responsible goals, the use of sound evidence and reasoning, sensitivity and tolerance, honesty, avoidance of plagiarism, and speaking credibly. By adhering to these principles, speakers can build trust, engage their audience, and enhance their credibility.
Takeaways
- 🎯 **Audience-Centered Approach**: Public speakers should focus on the audience's needs and best interests, rather than their own.
- 🚩 **Clear and Responsible Goal**: Set a clear and ethical goal for your speech, considering the audience's perspective and avoiding manipulation.
- 🔍 **Sound Evidence and Reasoning**: Use credible sources to gather evidence and employ reasoning to support your points effectively.
- 🌐 **Cultural Sensitivity**: Be aware of cultural differences and avoid language that may offend diverse audience members.
- 🤝 **Tolerance and Respect**: Acknowledge differing viewpoints and present information in a way that respects all audience members.
- 🗣️ **Honesty is Key**: Maintain credibility by being truthful with your audience; avoid misleading or lying.
- 📝 **Avoid Plagiarism**: Give proper acknowledgement to the original sources of quotes, ideas, and content used in your speech.
- 🔑 **Credibility**: Establish your expertise and trustworthiness by being knowledgeable and presenting information confidently.
- 👥 **Dynamic Presentation**: Engage the audience with a dynamic delivery that conveys competence and believability.
- 💡 **Ethical Communication**: Ethical public speaking involves a commitment to honesty, integrity, and respect for the audience.
Q & A
What is the definition of a principle as mentioned in the script?
-A principle is defined as a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as a foundation.
What are the two key words that summarize the principle audience-centered public speakers should follow?
-The two key words are 'audience-centered'.
What is the first principle of ethical public speaking as outlined in the script?
-The first principle is to have a clear, responsible goal that focuses on what is best for the listeners.
Why is it important for public speakers to use sound evidence and reasoning?
-Public speaking should be based on accurate information, and using sound evidence and reasoning supports the speaker's points and maintains credibility.
How does the script suggest speakers should handle differing viewpoints in their audience?
-Speakers should be sensitive and tolerant, considering the audience's diverse perspectives and avoiding language that may offend.
What is the significance of honesty in public speaking according to the script?
-Honesty is crucial as it maintains the speaker's credibility; misleading or lying to the audience can be destructive.
Why is it important for speakers to avoid plagiarism in their speeches?
-Plagiarism can lead to severe consequences and damage the speaker's reputation; it's essential to do original work and provide proper acknowledgments.
What does it mean to speak credibly as a public speaker?
-Speaking credibly means being competent, knowledgeable, dynamic, and trustworthy, ensuring the audience's best interests are at heart.
How should a speaker introduce themselves to establish credibility?
-A speaker should inform the audience why they can speak on the topic, showcasing their competence and knowledge.
What is the overarching principle that the script suggests public speakers should build their career on?
-Public speakers should build their career on being ethical, which encompasses the six principles discussed in the script.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Audience-Centered Public Speaking
Public speakers must adhere to the principle of being audience-centered. Ethical speaking is at the core of this practice, and public speaking should be built on six key principles. The first principle highlights the importance of having a clear, responsible goal focused on what is best for the audience, rather than the speaker's personal gain. Speakers should avoid manipulation and be transparent when persuading, always prioritizing ethical behavior.
🔍 Using Sound Evidence and Reasoning
Public speakers are expected to provide sound evidence and logical reasoning to support their claims. Rather than merely stating personal beliefs, speakers should gather accurate information from credible sources, such as expert quotes, statistics, or studies. Evidence supports the main points, and reasoning connects this evidence to the speaker's arguments, enhancing the overall credibility of the speech.
🤝 Sensitivity and Tolerance in Public Speaking
Speakers must be sensitive and tolerant to differing viewpoints in their audience. Cultural and experiential diversity should be considered to avoid offending listeners. Public speakers should take care when choosing words and examples to maintain an inclusive environment, ensuring that the audience remains engaged rather than alienated. The goal is to present information thoughtfully, keeping the audience’s perspectives in mind.
🗣️ The Importance of Honesty in Public Speaking
Honesty is a fundamental aspect of public speaking. Misleading or lying to the audience severely damages a speaker’s credibility. Hypothetical examples should be clearly identified as such to maintain trust. By being transparent and truthful, speakers can ensure that they build and maintain a strong relationship with their audience, which is crucial for long-term credibility.
📖 Avoiding Plagiarism in Public Speaking
Public speakers should never plagiarize, whether it’s copying an entire speech or using ideas, quotes, or phrases without proper acknowledgment. Proper oral citations are necessary to give credit to the original sources, similar to in-text citations in academic writing. Plagiarism has serious consequences in both educational and professional settings, and speakers should always strive for originality and ethical citation practices.
💡 Speaking Credibly and Establishing Expertise
A credible public speaker is knowledgeable, dynamic, and trustworthy. In the introduction, speakers should establish why they are qualified to talk about the topic, demonstrating competence. Presenting information confidently and sincerely helps build trust with the audience. Credibility is key to effective public speaking, as it assures the audience that the speaker has their best interests in mind.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Principle
💡Audience-Centered
💡Ethical Speaking
💡Clear Responsible Goal
💡Sound Evidence
💡Reasoning
💡Sensitive and Tolerant
💡Honesty
💡Plagiarism
💡Credibility
Highlights
A principle is a fundamental truth or proposition that serves as a foundation.
Audience-centered public speakers need to build every speech on ethical principles.
Ethical public speaking involves six key principles to live by.
Principle number one: Have a clear, responsible goal focused on the audience's best interest.
Principle number two: Use sound evidence and reasoning to support your main points.
Gather evidence from quality sources to provide support for your arguments.
Reasoning is explaining the evidence to support your points to the audience.
Principle number three: Be sensitive and tolerant to different viewpoints in your audience.
Consider the audience's diversity and avoid potentially offensive language or examples.
Principle number four: Be honest to maintain credibility; avoid misleading or lying to the audience.
Principle number five: Don't plagiarize; give proper acknowledgement for quotes, phrases, and ideas.
Providing oral citations is crucial to avoid plagiarism in speeches.
Principle number six: Speak credibly by being competent, knowledgeable, and trustworthy.
Credibility means presenting yourself as a dynamic, confident, and believable speaker.
Trustworthiness implies having the audience's best interests at heart.
Build your public speaking career on ethical foundations to be successful.
Transcripts
[Music]
a principle is a fundamental truth or
proposition that serves as a
foundation two words can sum up the
principle audience-- centered public
speakers need to build every speech
on speak
ethically let's discuss what it means to
speak ethically
we will break this important overarching
principle down into six principles
public speakers need to live
by principle number one have a clear
responsible
goal if you're thinking about your
audience as you're prepare to give your
presentation your focus is on what is
best for the listeners not
yourself of course you could have a goal
to to trick your audience or manipulate
them in some way but ask yourself is
that what you would want to have done to
you so if you are there to persuade
never be afraid to let your listeners
know this in a clear and yet considerate
way principle number two use sound
evidence and
reasoning public speaking should always
be more than just getting up and telling
others what you think you know about a
subject that may be a new way of
thinking about presentations for some so
think about that for a
second public speaking carries with it
the responsibility to give accurate
information whether informing or
persuading so gather sound evidence from
quality sources that provide support for
your main
points the evidence might be a quote
from an expert um a clear statistic or a
reference to a
study the point is that evidence is
presented you're not up there just
saying here's what I think to be true so
believe
it also you need
reasoning reasoning is where you take
the sound evidence youve gathered and
shared and then you explain this to your
listeners so that it will support your
points it is you talking about the
evidence your sub points are where you
will share your evidence and your
reasoning principle number three be
sensitive and
tolerant most likely every time you
speak there are listeners in your
audience that will have a different
Viewpoint than the one that you will
present you will see the information
that you're presenting through the lens
of your own experience and cultural
background remember the concept of
always considering the audience and
here's an important area of
application before you present your
information ask yourself if you're using
words examples or ways of presenting
that might offend someone or several
people in your
audience you might be speaking on trade
agreements and mention China only to
look up and realize that you have a
Chinese classmate that was just offended
by your North American nationalistic
approach to discussing trade
agreements it's not about not discussing
a topic it's about caring about the
audience first and trying to keep people
listening
instead of shutting down in the middle
of your
presentation principle four be
honest there is nothing more destructive
to your credibility as a public speaker
than having your audience find out that
you've misled them or out andout lied to
them why would they ever listen to you
again your examples should always be
true and if you use a hypothetical
example let the audience know this by
using words like imagine with me for a
moment principle five don't
plagiarize of course you should never
copy an entire speech and then present
it as your own without full disclosure
that what you're doing is presenting a
famous speech originally given by
another
person and you should never use quotes
phrases or even IDE ideas without giving
the proper
acknowledgement in a speech that's
called an oral
citation providing an oral citation is
the same as providing an inext citation
as if when you write a formal academic
paper the consequences for plagiarism
are often severe whether it's a school
setting or a congress person giving a
speech to the House of
Representatives the key is to do your
own writing and give plenty of correctly
composed oral
citations principle six speak
credibly I tell public speaking students
that in your introduction you should let
your listeners know why you can speak on
this topic and what I'm saying is to
tell the audience why you are a person
who can be considered a credible
representative of this
topic speaking credibly means that you
should be competent and
knowledgeable you've studied enough to
really know your
subject that you present yourself as a
dynamic
presenter meaning that you share the
information confidently and with
believability and last that you are
trustworthy this last credibility qual
quality is important put another way
trustworthy means that you have the
audience's best interests at heart and
they can tell
it a principle is a fundamental truth or
proposition that serves as a
foundation an audience-- centered public
speaker is a
princip and ethical
speaker build your career as a public
speaker on being
ethical see you in the next video
[Music]
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