APA ITU EUTHANASIA? MENGENAL EUTHANASIA.

Summary

In this video, Nyoman from the Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember, explains euthanasia, a deliberate action to end the life of a terminally ill patient suffering unbearable pain. It is a medical practice in Australasia to prevent disease spread when cure attempts fail. Euthanasia is illegal under Indonesian law, with severe penalties. The video discusses the conditions and medical situations leading to euthanasia, including patient suffering, economic burden, and medical futility. It also covers types of euthanasia: voluntary, involuntary, and non-voluntary, as well as active and passive procedures, providing a comprehensive look at this complex and sensitive topic.

Takeaways

• 😀 Euthanasia is a deliberate action to end someone's life who is suffering from incurable and unbearable pain.
• 🏥 It is a medical practice in some regions to prevent the spread of disease when all medical efforts to cure have failed.
• 📜 In some countries, doctors are legally allowed to perform euthanasia with a painless process, as long as the patient and their family consent.
• 🚫 Euthanasia is illegal under Article 340 of the Indonesian Criminal Code, with severe penalties including death or life imprisonment.
• 📝 Article 344 of the Indonesian Criminal Code states that euthanasia performed at the explicit and earnest request of the patient is punishable by up to twelve years in prison.
• 🤔 Euthanasia is considered when medical treatment is ineffective, and the patient's condition does not improve despite long-term care.
• 💔 The decision for euthanasia may arise from the patient's inability to bear suffering, high economic burden of treatment, or fear of impending death.
• 👩‍⚕️ Medical staff may consider euthanasia due to ineffective treatment, compassion for the patient's suffering, or in response to the patient's or family's request to stop treatment.
• 🔑 There are different types of euthanasia, including voluntary (with the patient's consent), involuntary (without the patient's consent), and non-voluntary (based on someone else's decision for the patient).
• 💊 Active euthanasia involves a deliberate action by a doctor to end the patient's life, such as administering a lethal drug.
• 🛑 Passive euthanasia involves the intentional withholding of medical assistance that could prolong the patient's life, such as not providing oxygen to a patient with breathing difficulties.

Q & A

What is euthanasia according to the video script?

Euthanasia is a deliberate action to end the life of a person suffering from incurable and unbearable pain, supervised by a doctor in a painless and good manner.

What is the medical purpose of euthanasia in the context of the video?

In the medical field, euthanasia is an effort to prevent the spread of disease after medical healing efforts have failed, and to save patients who have no hope of recovery from further suffering.

Is euthanasia legal in some countries as per the video?

Yes, in some countries, doctors are legally allowed to perform euthanasia with a painless process, provided the patient and their family agree to it.

What does Article 340 of the Indonesian Criminal Code state regarding euthanasia?

Article 340 of the Indonesian Criminal Code states that anyone who intentionally and premeditatedly takes away the life of another person is punished for murder with a sentence of death or life imprisonment or a maximum of 20 years in prison.

What is the penalty for euthanasia performed at the explicit and earnest request of the patient according to Article 344 of the Indonesian Criminal Code?

According to Article 344, anyone who takes away the life of another person at their explicit and earnest request is punished with a maximum of twelve years in prison.

What are the two main factors that lead to the practice of euthanasia as mentioned in the video?

The two main factors are the patient's condition and the medical staff's situation. The patient's condition includes inability to bear suffering and high economic burden due to treatment costs, while the medical staff's situation includes ineffective treatment and compassion for the patient's suffering.

What types of euthanasia are mentioned in the video?

The video mentions three types of euthanasia: voluntary (with the patient's consent), involuntary (without the patient's consent), and non-voluntary (based on someone else's decision, such as family or government).

What is active euthanasia as described in the video?

Active euthanasia is a deliberate action by a doctor or other health care provider to shorten or end the patient's life, such as by giving a lethal dose of medication or injecting harmful substances into the patient's body.

What is passive euthanasia and how does it differ from active euthanasia?

Passive euthanasia is when a doctor or health care provider intentionally stops providing medical assistance that could prolong the patient's life, such as not providing oxygen to a patient with breathing difficulties. It differs from active euthanasia in that it involves withholding treatment rather than administering a lethal substance.

Can you provide an example of passive euthanasia from the video?

An example of passive euthanasia given in the video is the deliberate decision not to provide oxygen to a patient experiencing respiratory difficulties.

What is the significance of the patient's consent in the context of voluntary euthanasia as discussed in the video?

In voluntary euthanasia, the patient's consent is crucial as it represents the patient's full awareness and agreement to undergo euthanasia. Some countries allow the patient to make a written declaration or living will stating their willingness to undergo euthanasia.

Outlines

00:00

🏥 Euthanasia: The Medical and Legal Perspectives

This paragraph introduces the concept of euthanasia, which is the intentional act to end someone's life who is suffering from an incurable and unbearable illness. It is performed under the supervision of a doctor and is considered a medical effort to prevent the spread of disease when all healing attempts have failed. The speaker explains that in some countries, doctors are legally allowed to perform euthanasia with the consent of the patient and their family. However, in Indonesia, euthanasia is illegal under the Criminal Code, with severe penalties for those who intentionally take another person's life, even if done at the victim's request. The paragraph also discusses the conditions and medical situations that may lead to euthanasia, such as the patient's inability to endure suffering, the high economic burden of treatment, and the fear of impending death. It outlines the types of euthanasia, including voluntary, involuntary, and non-voluntary euthanasia, and touches on the medical and ethical considerations involved.

05:01

🛑 Active and Passive Euthanasia: Procedures and Considerations

The second paragraph delves into the procedures of euthanasia, distinguishing between active and passive euthanasia. Active euthanasia refers to the deliberate action by a doctor or healthcare provider to end a patient's life, such as administering a lethal drug or removing life-support equipment. Passive euthanasia, on the other hand, involves the intentional withholding of medical assistance that could prolong the patient's life, like not providing oxygen to a patient with respiratory difficulties. The paragraph also mentions the forced return of patients as another form of passive euthanasia. The summary concludes by expressing hope that the explanation of euthanasia is beneficial to the audience and thanks them for watching until the end.

Keywords

💡Euthanasia

Euthanasia refers to the practice of intentionally ending a person's life to relieve their suffering from an incurable and painful disease. In the video, it is described as a medical action taken to prevent the spread of disease when all medical efforts to cure have failed. The concept is central to the video's theme, as it discusses the ethical and legal considerations surrounding the practice.

💡Incurable Disease

An incurable disease is one that cannot be treated or cured, leading to a terminal condition. The script mentions that euthanasia is considered for patients suffering from incurable diseases with unbearable pain, highlighting the severity of the patient's condition as a factor leading to the discussion of euthanasia.

💡Palliative Care

Palliative care is end-of-life care focused on providing relief from the symptoms and stress of a serious illness. The video implies that when palliative care cannot alleviate the unbearable pain of a patient, euthanasia might be contemplated as an alternative, underscoring the role of palliative care in the euthanasia debate.

💡Legal Framework

The legal framework refers to the set of laws and regulations governing a particular practice or behavior. In the context of the video, it discusses how the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) criminalizes euthanasia, with severe penalties, thus framing the discussion within the legal constraints of the practice.

💡Patient Autonomy

Patient autonomy is the principle that a patient has the right to make decisions about their own medical care. The script touches on voluntary euthanasia, which is performed with the patient's full and informed consent, emphasizing the importance of respecting a patient's wishes in end-of-life decisions.

💡Medical Ethics

Medical ethics involve the moral principles that guide the practice of medicine. The video discusses euthanasia in the context of medical ethics, considering the dilemmas faced by healthcare providers when deciding between prolonging life and alleviating suffering.

💡Active Euthanasia

Active euthanasia is the act of deliberately ending a life through an action, such as administering a lethal drug. The video explains this concept by giving examples like administering cyanide or removing life-sustaining medical equipment, illustrating the direct intervention by medical professionals in ending a patient's life.

💡Passive Euthanasia

Passive euthanasia involves intentionally not providing life-sustaining treatment, allowing the patient to die from their underlying condition. The script mentions this as an act of withholding medical assistance, like oxygen, to patients with severe breathing difficulties, highlighting a more indirect approach to ending life.

💡Involuntary Euthanasia

Involuntary euthanasia is the act of ending a person's life without their consent. The video script discusses this as a controversial form of euthanasia, often decided upon by others, such as family members or the government, in cases where the patient is unable to make decisions for themselves.

💡End-of-Life Decisions

End-of-life decisions are choices made regarding medical treatment when a person is nearing death. The video's discussion of euthanasia is part of a broader conversation about end-of-life decisions, including the ethical and legal implications of choosing when and how to end a life.

💡Medical Futility

Medical futility refers to the situation where further medical treatment is deemed ineffective or unlikely to improve the patient's condition. The script mentions that when medical treatment is considered futile, euthanasia might be considered, reflecting the role of medical futility in end-of-life care discussions.

Highlights

Euthanasia is a deliberate action to end the life of a person suffering from incurable and unbearable pain.

It is overseen by a doctor to ensure it is done easily and well.

Euthanasia in the medical world is an effort to prevent the spread of disease when medical healing efforts fail.

Patients must have no hope of medical recovery and a very small chance of survival.

In some countries, doctors are legally allowed to perform euthanasia with a painless process if the patient and family agree.

Euthanasia is illegal under Article 340 of the Indonesian Criminal Code, punishable by death or life imprisonment.

Article 344 of the Indonesian Criminal Code states that euthanasia upon the patient's explicit request is punishable by up to 12 years in prison.

Euthanasia can only be performed after medical treatment has no effect and the patient's vitals cannot be sustained.

There are two factors causing euthanasia: the patient's condition and the medical staff's situation.

Patients' inability to endure suffering and the high economic burden of treatment are key considerations.

Patients' fear of the impending death process due to severe physical and psychological burdens may lead to mental disorders.

Medical staff may view the treatment process as ineffective, leading to the consideration of euthanasia.

Compassion from medical staff towards the patient's unbearable suffering can influence the decision for euthanasia.

Medical staff may accede to the patient's or family's request to stop treatment due to long-term patience weariness.

Voluntary euthanasia is performed with the patient's conscious agreement, and some countries allow advance directives.

Involuntary euthanasia is the acceleration of death without the patient's consent, often decided as the best option.

Non-voluntary euthanasia is performed based on the will of a third party, such as family members or government decisions.

Active euthanasia involves a doctor or health worker intentionally performing an action to end the patient's life, such as administering lethal drugs.

Passive euthanasia is the intentional withholding of medical assistance that could prolong the patient's life, such as oxygen support.

Passive euthanasia can also involve forcing the patient to return home without further medical aid.

Transcripts

halo halo semuanya Perkenalkan nama saya

Nyoman dari ada lewat Deni dari fakultas

kesehatan masyarakat Universitas Jember

di video kali ini saya akan menjelaskan

tentang euthanasia

euthanasia adalah tindakan sengaja untuk

mengakhiri hidup seseorang yang

mengalami sakit curhat atau menderita

yang diliputi oleh rasa sakit yang tak

tertahankan dan tak bisa disembuhkan

yang diawasi oleh dokter yang

bersangkutan secara mudah dan baik

australasia dalam dunia kedokteran

merupakan usaha sebuah medis yang

dilakukan untuk mengantisipasi

penyebaran penyakit setelah usaha-usaha

penyembuhan secara medis gagal

menyelamatkan pasien tindakan euthanasia

dilakukan kepada pasien yang tidak

memiliki harapan untuk sembuh secara

medis sehingga kemungkinan bisa bertahan

hidup sangat kecil bahkan tidak ada sama

sekali di beberapa negara dokter

dibolehkan oleh hukum untuk melakukan

praktik euthanasia dengan proses yang

tidak menyakitkan selama pasien dan

keluarga pasien setuju untuk

melakukannya tetapi di sendiri praktek

euthanasia ini adalah praktik ilegal

yang diatur dalam pasal 340 KUHP yang

berbunyi

barangsiapa sengaja dengan direncanakan

lebih dahulu menghilangkan jiwa orang

lain dihukum karena pembunuhan

direncanakan dengan hukuman mati atau

penjara seumur hidup atau penjara

sementara selama-lamanya 20 tahun

sedangkan dalam pasal 344 KUHP berbunyi

barangsiapa menghilangkan jiwa orang

lain atas permintaan orang itu sendiri

yang disebutkan dengan nyata dan

sungguh-sungguh dihukum penjara

selama-lamanya dua belas tahun jadi

bunyi pasal 344 KUHP dapat disimpulkan

bahwa seseorang tidak diperbolehkan

melakukan pembunuhan terhadap orang lain

walaupun Pembunuhan itu dilakukan dengan

alasan atas permintaan si korban sendiri

pwtms Iya dijalankan setelah hasil

perawatan pasien tidak menemukan hasil

dan tidak bisa menghilangkan vitalnya

tindakan plastik ini dilakukan bukan

secara serta-merta dan sembarangan ada

dua faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya

euthanasia Hai yaitu kondisi pasien dan

juga situasi tenaga medis yang pertama

yaitu kondisi pasien kondisi ini dapat

diklasifikasikan pada beberapa kondisi

yakni yang pertama ketidakmampuan pasien

Untuk bertahan terhadap penderitaan

yakni ketidakmampuan untuk mengatasi

rasa sakit akibat penyakit berat rasa

sakit yang luar biasa dan ketakutan

terhadap cacat yang kedua adalah

kekhawatiran fashion terhadap beban

ekonomi yang tinggi dari biaya

pengobatan Karena untuk penyakit

penyakit yang sulit disembuhkan biaya

pengobatannya sangat tinggi bahkan tidak

terjangkau oleh kalangan masyarakat

bawah bila perawatan terus dibiarkan

maka biaya semakin berat ditanggung oleh

pihak keluarga sementara harapan untuk

sembuh atau hidup pasien sangat tipis

yang ketiga adalah ketakutan pasien

terhadap berita menjelang kematian

karena beban derita fisik dan psikologis

sangat berat sehingga ada kesan bahwa

proses menuju mati akan sangat sulit dan

menyakitkan bila ini dibiarkan maka

diasumsikan bisa terjadi gangguan jiwa

pasien

Dua situasi tenaga istri terjadinya

tindakan euthanasia bisa juga didasari

oleh situasi tenaga medis yaitu yang

pertama tenaga medis memandang proses

pengobatan sudah tidak efektif yakni

sudah melalui proses pengobatan dalam

jangka waktu lama Tetapi kondisi pasien

Belum menunjukkan perubahan hal ini

dilakukan dengan hati-hati untuk

menghindari malpraktek yang bisa

dituduhkan kepada tenaga medis dua

perasaan kasihan terhadap penderitaan

pasien biasanya muncul dari pihak

keluarga mengingat kondisi pasien yang

sulit diobati kondisinya akan sangat

menyedihkan dan mengingat pula

penderitaan luar biasa yang akan dialami

oleh pasien yang ketiga adalah tenaga

medis mengabulkan permintaan pasien atau

keluarga untuk menghentikan pengobatan

penghentian ini dilakukan karena tenaga

medis memiliki pandangan bahwa pihak

keluarga sudah tidak bisa lagi bersabar

atas waktu pengobatan yang lama

selanjutnya adalah jenis-jenis

euthanasia yang pertama yaitu voluntary

atau sukarela lautan Asia sukarela

merupakan jenis Austronesia yang

kematian atas persetujuan atau

permintaan pasien dengan penuh kesadaran

ada beberapa negara yang memperbolehkan

pasir untuk membuat surat pernyataan

atau information sent yang menyatakan

bahwa bersedia untuk menjalani

euthanasia tetapi Adakalanya permintaan

tersebut tidak perlu dibuktikan secara

tertentu yang kedua adalah involuntary

atau tidak sukarela euthanasia tidak

sukarela yaitu mempercepat kematian

tanpa persetujuan atau permintaan dari

pasien biasanya keputusan ini diambil

karena dianggap kematian adalah pilihan

terbaik bentuk euthanasia ini bisa

disebut dengan pembunuhan yang ketiga

adalah non voluntary euthanasia Nonwoven

teori yakni mempercepat kematian atas

keinginan pasien dan disampaikan oleh

pihak ketiga misalnya orang tua suami

istri atau anak pasien atau bahkan atas

keputusan pemerintah lautan Asia tidak

sukarela biasanya dilakukan jika pasien

tidak sadarkan diri atau koma dan juga

terjadi pada kasus penderitaan penyakit

menular demi memusnahkan endemik

penyakit atau membatasi virus maka

seseorang berpenyakit menular harus

dibunuh sehingga orang-orang

disekitarnya tidak terlalu penyakit yang

diderita pasien selanjutnya adalah

prosedur operasi ya Yang pertama adalah

euthanasia aktif euthanasia aktif yaitu

tindakan secara sengaja yang dilakukan

dokter atau tenaga kesehatan lain untuk

memperpendek atau mengakhiri hidup si

pasien misalnya memberi tablet sianida

atau menyuntikkan zat-zat berbahaya ke

tubuh pasien hutan Asia aktif dapat

dilakukan dengan melakukan pencabutan

alat medis yang terhubung langsung

dengan pusat kehidupan pasien seperti

Slank asam dan pompa jantung pasien

Hai yang kedua adalah euthanasia pasif

yaitu dokter atau tenaga kesehatan lain

secara sengaja tidak lagi memberikan

bantuan medis yang dapat memperpanjang

hidup pasien misalnya tidak memberikan

bantuan oksigen bagi pasien yang

mengalami kesulitan dalam pernapasan

Selain itu masih ada hal lain yang dapat

dikategorikan kedalam euthanasia pasif

yaitu memulangkan pasien secara paksa

sekian penjelasan mengenai euthanasia

semoga bermanfaat bagi kita semua Terima

kasih sudah menonton sampai jumpa di