Menengok Cara Penjernihan Air PDAM (Pengolahan Air PDAM) 7 pra 2 1 m1 1

Kerajinan Indonesia

12 Apr 201605:16

Summary

TLDRThe script outlines the water treatment process by PDAM, a regional company that transforms raw river water into consumable water. It begins with water intake, followed by various purification processes at the Water Treatment Plant (WTP), including coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration. The water is treated through gravity-based methods, chemical coagulants, and mechanical aids to separate impurities. The purified water is then stored and distributed to customers, ensuring a clean and safe water supply.

Takeaways

💧 PDAM (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum) is a regionally-owned enterprise responsible for treating raw water from rivers to make it suitable for consumption.
🔧 The water intake process involves adjusting the volume of water to meet requirements by opening or closing gates.
🏭 Water treatment plants (WTP) are the main facilities where various processes occur to purify the water, including coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration.
🚰 Water is moved between different treatment processes using equipment such as water pumps or airlifts.
🔄 Each stage of the treatment process has its designated containment area for further processing.
📊 Automated control equipment is used to manage all processes within the water treatment facility.
🌀 The water purification process includes a simple sedimentation method where water from the river is first settled and then sent to a sedimentation tank.
🔬 The water goes through two stages of filtration using materials like gravel and sand or silica sand to remove finer impurities.
🧪 Advanced water purification techniques involve the use of chemical coagulants, such as alum, to help bind and settle impurities.
🔄 The coagulated water is then subjected to rapid and slow mixing to encourage particle collision and the formation of larger particles.
🏡 After the water is treated and filtered, it is stored in a clean water tank, ready to be pumped and distributed to homes for use.

Q & A

What does PDAM stand for and what is its role in water treatment?
-PDAM stands for Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum, which is a regional water company responsible for treating raw water from rivers to make it suitable for consumption.
How is the volume of water intake regulated at the intake point?
-The volume of water intake is regulated by adjusting the intake to ensure the water flow meets the required demand, typically by opening or closing gates.
What is the main location where water treatment processes occur?
-The main location for water treatment processes is at the Water Treatment Plant (WTP), where various steps are carried out to purify the water.
What are some of the processes involved in water purification at the WTP?
-Processes at the WTP include coagulation to separate dirty particles, the addition of purifying agents, sedimentation, and filtration to move water from one process to another.
What equipment is used to move water between different treatment stages?
-Equipment such as motor-driven pumps or water pushers are used to move water between different stages of treatment.
How is the treated water stored before distribution?
-The treated water is stored in a separate containment area before being distributed to customers.
What is the first step in the simple water purification process described in the script?
-The first step is the collection of water from the river, which is then directed into a storage tank.
What materials are used in the first filtration tank to filter the water?
-The first filtration tank uses layers of stone and sand, or possibly silica sand, to filter out larger impurities.
How does the second filtration tank improve the clarity of the water?
-The second filtration tank uses finer materials, such as smaller stones and sand or silica sand, to filter out finer impurities, resulting in clearer water.
What is the purpose of adding coagulants like alum, PAC, and others in the water treatment process?
-Coagulants are added to the water to help bind together fine particles and impurities, making them easier to settle or be filtered out.
What are the goals of the flocculation process in water treatment?
-The flocculation process aims to break down the coagulated particles and impurities into simpler, well-dispersed parts within the water, facilitating their removal.
How does the sedimentation process contribute to water purification?
-The sedimentation process allows the coagulant-bound impurities to settle at the bottom of the tank, leaving clearer water to be directed to the next stage of filtration.
What is the final step in the water treatment process before the water is distributed for use?
-The final step is pumping the clean water from the storage tank and distributing it to homes for use.

Outlines

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💧 Water Treatment Process Overview

This paragraph describes the water treatment process undertaken by PDAM, a regional enterprise responsible for transforming raw water from rivers into consumable water. The process begins with water intake, where the volume is regulated to meet demand. The water then moves through various stages at the Water Treatment Plant (WTP), including coagulation to separate particles, the addition of purifying agents, sedimentation, and filtration. Each stage has its own containment area, and the entire process is controlled automatically. The resulting clean water is stored in a final reservoir before being distributed to customers.

🌊 Basic Water Filtration Techniques

The paragraph explains the basic water filtration techniques used in the treatment process. Initially, river water is collected and stored in a reservoir. After a period, it is directed to the first filtration tank, which contains layers of stones and sand or silica sand. This first filtration stage results in clearer water, though still containing some impurities. The water then moves to a second filtration tank with finer materials to further remove fine particles, resulting in even clearer water. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of these basic filtration steps in producing cleaner water for use.

🔬 Advanced Water Purification with Chemical Coagulants

This section details the advanced water purification process involving chemical coagulants. The process starts with the collection of river water in a reservoir, followed by the addition of coagulants like lime, alum, and PAC to the water in a mixing tank. After mixing, the water moves to a coagulation and flocculation tank where rapid and slow stirring is used to disperse the chemical and impurities, forming larger particles. These particles then settle at the bottom of a sedimentation tank. The clarified water is then filtered through specific materials to remove any remaining particles, and the clean water is pumped into a clean water storage tank for distribution.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡PDAM

PDAM stands for Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum, which translates to Regional Drinking Water Company. It is a regional enterprise responsible for treating raw water from rivers to make it suitable for consumption. In the video's context, PDAM plays a central role in the water treatment process, ensuring that the water supply is clean and safe for public use.

💡Intake

An intake is a structure or point where water is collected from a source, such as a river, before it undergoes treatment. In the script, the intake is where the raw water from the river is initially held, and its volume is regulated to match the water treatment plant's needs, illustrating the first step in the water purification process.

💡Water Treatment Plant (WTP)

A Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is the primary facility where water purification processes are carried out. The script mentions that various processes such as sedimentation, coagulation, and filtration occur at the WTP to transform raw water into clean, consumable water, emphasizing the importance of this facility in the water treatment process.

💡Sedimentation

Sedimentation is a water treatment process where suspended particles settle out of the water due to gravity. The script describes this process as a part of the purification where heavier particles naturally sink to the bottom of the sedimentation tank, helping to clarify the water.

💡Coagulation

Coagulation is the process of adding coagulant chemicals to water to bind together smaller particles into larger, more easily removable flocs. In the script, coagulants like alum are mentioned, which are used to initiate the flocculation process, showing a critical step in purifying water by making it clearer.

💡Filtration

Filtration is the process of removing contaminants from water by passing it through a medium that traps the impurities. The script refers to filtration as a step where water is passed through layers of sand or silica sand, which act as filters to remove fine particles, further cleaning the water.

💡Flocculation

Flocculation is the process where coagulated particles come together to form larger, more easily removable flocs. The script describes the use of rapid and slow mixing to facilitate the collision and aggregation of particles, leading to the formation of larger particles that can be more effectively removed in subsequent processes.

💡Settling

Settling, also known as sedimentation, is the process where suspended particles in water settle to the bottom of a tank due to gravity. The script mentions settling as a step where the flocs formed during flocculation are allowed to settle, separating from the water to be removed.

💡Pumping

Pumping refers to the use of pumps or other devices to move water from one place to another. In the script, pumping is mentioned as a method to transfer water between different stages of the treatment process, highlighting the mechanical aspect of moving water through the plant.

💡Distribution

Distribution is the process of delivering treated water from the water treatment plant to consumers. The script concludes with the mention of clean water being pumped and distributed to homes, which is the final step in making the water accessible for public use.

💡Water Clarity

Water clarity refers to the transparency or clearness of water, which is an indicator of water quality. The script discusses the various treatment processes aimed at increasing water clarity, such as sedimentation and filtration, which are essential for producing clean and safe drinking water.

Highlights

PDAM is a regional enterprise responsible for processing raw water from rivers into consumable water.

Water intake is regulated to match the demand by adjusting the intake volume using gates.

The water from the intake is channeled through pipes to the water treatment plant (WTP).

Various processes are conducted at the WTP, including coagulation to separate particles and the addition of purifying agents.

Water is moved between processes using equipment such as motor-driven pumps.

Each stage of water treatment has its own containment area for subsequent processes.

Pipes and channels are designed to manage the flow of water through the treatment processes.

Automatic control equipment is used to manage the entire water treatment process.

Clean water is stored in a final containment area before distribution to customers.

The water purification process begins with a simple gravity filtration system.

River water is first collected in a containment tank and then flows to the first filtration tank.

The first filtration tank consists of layers of gravel and sand or silica sand to filter out larger impurities.

After the first filtration, water is further filtered through a second tank with finer materials.

The water becomes clearer as fine particles are also filtered out in the second tank.

The clarified water is then channeled for use, showcasing the effectiveness of the dual-filtration process.

A mixing technique is utilized, involving chemical coagulants like alum, to enhance the purification process.

Coagulation and flocculation processes are employed to break down and disperse chemical and organic particles.

Flocculation involves rapid and slow mixing to encourage particle collision and formation of larger particles.

Sedimentation is the process where coagulated particles settle at the bottom of the tank.

After sedimentation, water is filtered through specific materials to remove particles that escaped previous stages.

Clean water from the final containment tank is pumped and distributed to homes for use.