First Khalifa | Last Day of Muhammad (SAW) | The Kohistani

The Kohistani

1 Mar 202412:27

Summary

TLDRThis script outlines the profound impact of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) over 23 years, leading to the rapid spread of Islam across the Arab Peninsula and transforming it into a global power. It narrates his efforts to unite the Arab population under the worship of one God, culminating in his final pilgrimage and the Farewell Sermon, which laid the foundations for equality and women's rights, aspects of which resonate with the UN charter today. The script further delves into the events following his death at 63, highlighting the peaceful selection of Abu Bakr as his successor amidst potential discord, showcasing a model of governance and leadership. The narrative also touches on controversies and the establishment of the Rashidun Caliphate, underlining the principles of justice and equality that guided early Islamic leadership.

Takeaways

😀 Muhammad became the leader of entire Arabia in 23 years and turned Islamic empire into a global power
😲 After the conquest of Arabia, Muhammad's message spread worldwide and people came from far distances to know more about him
🙏 Muhammad gave the first ever command to abolish racism in the world during his last Hajj sermon
💪 Muslims under leadership of Abu Bakr continued conquests started by Muhammad after his death
👑 Abu Bakr was chosen as the first caliph of Islamic empire through mutual consultation among Muslims
😠 Some Muslims denied to pay zakat tax after death of Muhammad thinking his miraculous abilities were gone
🤝 Ali pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, resolving the controversy over not being present during selection
💰 Abu Bakr fixed his salary equal to that of an ordinary laborer showing simplicity
❌ Some tried to falsely claim prophethood copying Muhammad's success after his death
📝 Umar threatened to behead anyone saying Muhammad has died, unable to accept the news initially

Q & A

How long did Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) spend inviting people to Islam?
-23 years.
What significant change occurred in Arabia after Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) efforts?
-The entire Arabian Peninsula abandoned idolatry and rapidly embraced Islam, uniting under the banner of a single God.
What was Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) status in Arabia towards the end of his mission?
-He became the leader of the entire Arabian Peninsula.
What was the global impact of Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) conquest of Arabia?
-News of a prophet uniting the entire Arabian Peninsula under one God spread worldwide, sparking discussions and drawing people to learn about him.
What was the Farewell Pilgrimage, and what significant message did Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) deliver during it?
-The Farewell Pilgrimage was Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) first and last Hajj, during which he delivered a sermon advocating for the end of racism and emphasizing women's rights, some of which are echoed in the UN Charter today.
Who was declared the leader of Muslims on the event of Ghadir Khumm according to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)?
-Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) declared, 'For whoever I am his leader (Mawla), Ali is his leader (Mawla).' This statement was made during the famous sermon at Ghadir Khumm.
What action did Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) take towards the Roman Empire before his illness?
-He prepared an army to retaliate against the Roman Empire for the Muslims martyred in the Battle of Mu'ta and appointed Usama bin Zaid as the commander.
How did Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) address his community during his final days?
-Despite severe illness, he continued to lead his community in prayer until he could no longer do so, at which point he instructed Abu Bakr to lead the prayers.
Who succeeded Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as the leader of the Muslims?
-After a series of discussions among the Muslim community, Abu Bakr was chosen as the successor and became the first Caliph.
What controversy arises from the succession of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)?
-The controversy lies between Sunni Muslims, who believe the Prophet did not appoint a successor and that Abu Bakr was rightly chosen by the community, and Shia Muslims, who believe that the Prophet appointed Ali as his successor at Ghadir Khumm.

Outlines

00:00

😊 Early Life of Prophet Muhammad and Beginning of Islam

This paragraph discusses the early life of Prophet Muhammad in Makkah and how he brought the message of Islam to people over 23 years. He united the Arab people under one God and Islam started spreading rapidly across Arabia and beyond.

05:02

😲 Dispute over Leadership after Prophet's Death

This paragraph talks about the dispute over leadership after Prophet Muhammad's death. Abu Bakr managed to convince people to appoint him as the leader through his influential speech. However, Hazrat Ali did not accept it initially before later pledging allegiance.

10:03

😃 Transition to the First Islamic Caliphate

This paragraph covers how Hazrat Abu Bakr laid down principles of equality and justice as the first Caliph. He continued the military expeditions started earlier and refused a high salary for himself, asking for equal pay as a laborer instead.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Muhammad

Muhammad is referred to as Rasoolullah or the Messenger of God. He was the founder of Islam and unified the various Arab tribes under one religion. The video describes his life, mission and leadership.

💡Khilafat

Khilafat refers to the institution of political leadership in Islam after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. The video discusses the selection of Abu Bakr as the first Khalifa.

💡Madina

Madina was the capital of the first Islamic empire after Muhammad migrated there from Mecca. It was the center of both political and religious authority.

💡Quraish

The Quraish tribe of Mecca that Muhammad belonged to. They were considered the leaders of the Arab world at the time.

💡Ansar

The helpers or supporters of Muhammad after his migration to Madina. They were the local tribes who accepted him as a prophet.

💡Jizya

The tax imposed on non-Muslims under Muslim rule. Some people refused to pay Jizya after the death of Muhammad.

💡Munafiq

Hypocrites or nominal Muslims who did not truly believe in Islam or Muhammad's mission.

💡Jang-e-Ohad

The battle of Ohad fought between the early Muslims and pagans of Mecca.

💡Hijrah

The migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Madina to escape persecution.

💡Khatm-e-Nabuwwat

Finality of Prophethood - the Islamic belief that Muhammad was the last Prophet sent by God to mankind.

Highlights

Muhammad became the leader of entire Arabia in 23 years and turned it into an Islamic Empire

After conquering Arabia, Muhammad's message reached the entire world and people started coming from far places to know more about him

In his last Hajj, Muhammad gave the farewell sermon to over 100,000 people of all races and spoke against racism and for women's rights

Some Muslims believed that like Prophet Musa, Muhammad would return after meeting Allah

Abu Bakr calmed down the shocked Muslims after Muhammad's death by reciting verses from the Quran

Ansars almost gave leadership to Saad bin Ubada, but Abu Bakr convinced them that a Quraishi leader was needed

Umar and Ali pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr making him the first caliph with consensus

The selection of Abu Bakr ensured a smooth transition and continuation of Muhammad's mission

Abu Bakr set the principles of an Islamic leadership based on equality and justice

After Muhammad, many hypocrites refused to pay zakat saying he was no longer present

Some tried to copy Muhammad's success falsely claiming prophethood after his death

Shias believe that Ali should have directly succeeded Muhammad as he was appointed at Ghadir Khumm

Abu Bakr immediately dispatched the army that had stopped after Muhammad fell ill

Abu Bakr continued the systems established earlier by Muhammad

There are differences between Sunnis and Shias regarding the succession after Muhammad's death