3.5 Major Approaches to Literacy Teaching and Learning
Summary
TLDRThis video script delves into the history of pedagogy, highlighting four key segments that represent major approaches to teaching and learning literacy. It discusses the evolution from traditional didactic methods to more immersive and critical literacy practices. The script emphasizes the importance of balancing these pedagogical traditions to foster a comprehensive understanding of literacy, including authentic, situated learning, and the application of functional literacy in real-life contexts. It also underscores the necessity for educators to select appropriate pedagogical strategies and assess their impact on learning outcomes.
Takeaways
- π The script discusses the history of pedagogy, focusing on four segments that capture ideas found in major approaches to teaching and learning.
- π It emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach to literacy pedagogy, combining various traditions and practices for effective learning.
- π« Authentic pedagogy, also known as progressive pedagogy, is highlighted as an approach that encourages learning through immersion, similar to how oral language is acquired.
- π The script mentions the whole language movement and process writing as examples of authentic literacy, where learners develop a love for reading and writing through engagement with texts.
- π Didactic literacy is described as an approach that focuses on overt instruction and conceptualizing, teaching formal rules and literary concepts to improve writing and reading skills.
- π Critical literacy is the newest tradition discussed, which involves analyzing texts for social issues, agendas, and biases, such as sexism or racism, to understand their impact on society.
- π§ Functional literacy is about learning to apply textual forms appropriately for specific purposes, such as report writing in scientific contexts.
- π The script advocates for a repertoire of pedagogical activity types that can be mapped against practices found in literacy pedagogy over the past century or two.
- π It suggests that educators should understand the value of each pedagogical approach and make informed selections to achieve the intended learning outcomes.
- π The idea of pedagogy as a repertoire allows for movement between different ideas and practices, maintaining a balance of all four major components of literacy pedagogy.
- π οΈ The 'Learning by Design' project mentioned in the script works on the concept that pedagogy should be a diverse set of activities, reflecting a wide range of practices and ideas in literacy education.
Q & A
What is the main idea presented in the video script about pedagogy?
-The main idea is that pedagogy should incorporate a balance of different approaches, including authentic, didactic, critical, and functional literacy, to create a comprehensive and effective learning experience.
What is authentic pedagogy or progressive pedagogy?
-Authentic pedagogy, also known as progressive pedagogy, emphasizes learning through immersion and developing a natural feel for reading and writing, similar to how we learn oral language.
How does the whole language movement relate to authentic pedagogy?
-The whole language movement is an example of authentic pedagogy, advocating for learning to read and write through immersion in language, rather than through explicit instruction of grammar and rules.
What is the concept of didactic literacy?
-Didactic literacy focuses on overt instruction and conceptualizing, where learners are taught formal rules and concepts with the idea that understanding these will improve their writing and reading skills.
How does critical literacy differ from other literacy approaches?
-Critical literacy goes beyond just understanding texts; it involves analyzing the social issues, agendas, and biases within texts, encouraging learners to critically assess the purposes and impacts of the texts they encounter.
What is the purpose of functional literacy?
-Functional literacy is about learning to apply textual forms and genres appropriately for specific purposes, such as report writing in science, with an emphasis on practical application and performance.
What does the term 'transform practice' refer to in the context of literacy pedagogy?
-Transform practice, also known as applying in the script, refers to the ability to demonstrate competence by performing and applying knowledge effectively in various contexts.
Why is it important for educators to understand the different pedagogical approaches mentioned in the script?
-Educators need to understand these approaches to make informed choices about which methods to use, to track the outcomes of their teaching, and to ensure a balanced and effective learning experience for students.
What is the 'learning by design' project mentioned in the script?
-The 'learning by design' project is an initiative that explores the idea of pedagogy as a repertoire of different activity types, drawing from a wide range of practices and ideas found in literacy pedagogy over the past century or two.
How does the script suggest educators should approach teaching literacy?
-The script suggests that educators should not focus on a singular approach but instead maintain a balance of all four major components of literacy pedagogy, moving fluidly between them to suit different learning contexts and needs.
What is the historical context of literacy pedagogy mentioned in the script?
-The script refers to the evolution of literacy pedagogy over the past century or two, indicating a long-standing tradition of developing and refining methods for teaching reading and writing.
Outlines
π The Evolution of Literacy Pedagogy
This paragraph delves into the historical development of pedagogical practices, focusing on the evolution of literacy teaching methods. It introduces the concept of 'authentic pedagogy' or 'progressive pedagogy', which advocates for learning through immersion rather than overt instruction. The paragraph discusses the idea of using whole language and process approaches in teaching literacy, drawing parallels to how we learn oral language. It emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach that incorporates various traditions and pedagogical alternatives, such as situated and experiencing learning, which involves everyday real-life application of literacy skills, and didactic literacy, which focuses on formal instruction and understanding of literary structures. The paragraph also touches on critical literacy, which involves analyzing texts for social issues and agendas, and functional literacy, which is about applying literacy skills for specific purposes.
π οΈ Balancing Pedagogical Approaches for Effective Learning
The second paragraph continues the discussion on literacy pedagogy, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that integrates different pedagogical methods. It introduces the concept of 'transform practice' or 'applying' as a form of functional literacy, which is about demonstrating competence in literacy through practical application. The paragraph stresses the importance for educators to understand the value of each pedagogical approach and to make informed choices based on their intended outcomes. It also highlights the project 'Learning by Design', which views pedagogy as a repertoire of different activity types that can be mapped against various literacy practices. The goal is to move fluidly between different pedagogical ideas to create a comprehensive and effective learning experience.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Pedagogy
π‘Authentic Pedagogy
π‘Immersion
π‘Didactic Pedagogy
π‘Critical Literacy
π‘Functional Literacy
π‘Transform Practice
π‘Conceptualizing
π‘Literary Texts
π‘Learning by Design
π‘Balanced Focus
Highlights
The map captures four segments that represent the history of pedagogy and major approaches to it.
Authentic pedagogy, also known as progressive pedagogy, emphasizes learning through immersion rather than overt instruction.
Authentic literacy is exemplified by the whole language and process writing movements, promoting a natural development of reading and writing skills.
The immersion model suggests that students develop a feel and love for reading and writing by being exposed to texts from their lives.
Situated and experiencing learning is often referred to as authentic literacy, involving everyday real-life learning.
Didactic literacy focuses on overt instruction and conceptualizing, teaching grammar and literary formalisms explicitly.
Traditional literacy pedagogy aimed to develop formal language to describe literary texts and reading experiences.
Critical literacy is the newest tradition, recognizing texts as carriers of social issues and agendas.
Critical analysis of texts is essential to understand their purposes and the societal issues they reflect.
Functional literacy is about learning to apply textual forms appropriately for specific purposes, such as report writing in science.
Transform practice or applying is about demonstrating competence through performance in various literacy areas.
Educators must understand the value of each pedagogical approach and make informed selections based on their appropriateness.
Pedagogy should be a repertoire of different activity types, reflecting practices found throughout literacy pedagogy's history.
Learning by design project emphasizes the importance of balancing different pedagogical ideas and moving fluidly between them.
A balanced focus in pedagogy incorporates all historical traditions and uses them effectively in teaching.
The importance of understanding the biases and purposes of what is being taught in any domain for effective learning.
The necessity for educators to track the outcomes of their pedagogical choices to ensure they align with intended learning outcomes.
Transcripts
about actually represents the whole
history of pedagogy what we've done here
with this map these four segments is
captured some ideas which which are also
to be found in all of the major
approaches to pedagogy and in the next
sections of this this series of videos
we'll be looking at those different
approaches so let me track back and look
at the origins of each of these ideas
deeper in in pedagogical practice the
practices of teaching and learning
literacy what comes along actually about
a century ago probably a little bit more
than a century ago is something that we
call authentic pedagogy progressive as
pedagogy it's often called or authentic
literacy and examples of that include
the whole language movement the process
writing music movement so the idea there
was look you don't need to learn and
it's boring to learn and it's overly
abstract to learn by this overt
instruction all this grammar and rules
and literary formalisms let's develop a
pleasure for reading and writing by
immersion because after all we learnt
oral language by immersion we learnt to
visualize and see the world by immersion
so why don't we learn to read and write
by immersion that's the kind of theory
behind it more or less so here what we
can do is we can you know we can bring
in texts from students lives we can
immerse them in new texts and there's no
need to talk explicitly about any of
this stuff because you will develop a
feel for it you'll develop a love for it
through through this immersion model
okay so that's another whole history in
in literacy pedagogy and what we're kind
of saying by having both of those
components of the history is actually we
need all of this right it's not enough
to say you know one focus a singular
focus one way or other is not enough we
want to build a balanced focus which
recruits all these traditions and uses
all of them the model literacies
pedagogy aggregates major pedagogical
alternatives and
and pistol biologically the area that we
call situated and experiencing is often
called authentic literacy it's children
doing everyday we're all learners not
just children of course our being
immersed in everyday real life learning
authentically working with numbers or
with nature or with history so that they
are experience it and the practice is
situated in everyday life didactic
literacy focused nearly exclusively on
what we call you know conceptualizing or
overt instruction so what we did is we
did grammar you know we did nouns and
verbs and clauses and sentences and this
was a kind of a the idea was that if we
learned all these for these formal rules
and we learn all these concepts we'd
become better writers and as readers we
learn to detect certain canonical
features of literature like there are
you know introductions and there are
conclusions there are Dana Manson in
novels and there's you know this there's
a lot of the you know what we can
develop a formal language to describe
literary texts to describe the
experience of reading so in other words
what what traditional literacy pedagogy
did was focus nearly exclusively a lot
of the time on overly instruction or
conceptualizing now what happened and we
call this didactic literacy that's the
word we use to describe that and
there'll be more we'll talk more about
that as as we move on through this video
series and through the chapters of the
book we call a virgin or conceptualizing
is called in terms of pedagogical
alternatives didactic pedagogy or
deductive literacy that is when an
instructor or a teacher tells you what
you need to remember what you need to
learn off by heart and you work in a
very abstract kind of way the most
recent of all these traditions though is
a tradition called critical literacy
which is the idea that texts are loaded
with social issues they're loaded with
agendas and
want to achieve certain things texts
embody sexism or racism and that in fact
a lot of the issues that we have in
society come up in the text that we do
in literacy so a critical analysis of
the purpose purposes of texts is
important critical literacy or critical
pedagogy that is an important area also
because kids need to understand how many
the meaning of what they're learning in
any particular domain and its biases and
its purposes and how it works for
different purposes and different
communities the whole tradition of
functional literacy is on about okay
literacies for purposes let's learn how
to do it functionally let's learn how to
apply appropriately and also it does
involve functional analysis as well but
it's about appropriate use so let's
learn the genre of report writing so we
can do science effectively and let's
reproduce these textual forms because
application is pretty important so
functional literacy is a whole
traditional of its own and we've kind of
tried to capture this as one of just one
of these four major components and
literacy pedagogy fourth quadrant here
that we've called transform practice or
applying is sometimes termed functional
literacy in the literature and it is
about being able to perform what you
know it's the competence that you have
and how you demonstrate it all educators
need to understand the value of each of
these pedagogy the purpose of these
pedagogy and how appropriate they are
they are it requires them to make
selections from these choices and then
to track whether the outcome is as was
intended to be very explicit to
understand the choices that are
available and the effects they have on
learning and knowledge making this idea
about critical analysis we want to keep
that idea as well but what we want to do
is keep a balance of all of those four
ideas and in fact what we
to do is we want to move between one
idea in another another so the idea
around the pedagogy we develop here
which we've had a project called
learning by design in this project we've
been working on this idea that pedagogy
is a repertoire of different activity
types and in fact those activity types
mapped against or reminiscent of a lot
of practices and ideas which to be found
throughout all literacy pedagogy
practices over the last century or two
since literacy pedagogy has become a
thing
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