Drizzle ORM in 100 Seconds

Summary

Drizzle is a lightweight set of tools that enables type-safe object-relational mapping with databases like MySQL and PostgreSQL. It provides an API and TypeScript that closely matches the underlying SQL code, delivering type safety without abstraction overhead. Dedicated adapters for each database allow Drizzle to connect applications to cloud providers like RDS and Neon. An optional Prisma-like query API keeps data access concise. Drizzle Kit handles migrations. Drizzle Studio offers a GUI for local data management. The video demonstrates using Drizzle and Neon to define a schema, generate migrations, insert seed data, and run type-safe queries.

Takeaways

• 😀 Drizzle is an ORM that provides type safety without abstraction by closely matching the native SQL
• 💡It has dedicated adapters for different databases like PostgreSQL, MySQL etc
• 🌟It works with popular cloud hosts like RDS and Neon
• 👍It has an optional Prisma-like query API for concise data fetching
• 🔨It has a CLI called Drizzle Kit for database migrations
• 🎨It has Drizzle Studio GUI to manage data
• 🚀It's designed to run on Node.js, Bun, Deno and runtimes like Cloudflare Workers
• 🔌To use, install Drizzle, a database driver and connect to the DB
• ✏️Define schema using PG table(), columns and relations()
• 💾Generate migrations from schema to apply to the database

Q & A

What problem does Drizzle aim to solve?

Drizzle aims to solve the problem of complexity and performance overhead with traditional object-relational mapping (ORM) libraries when working with SQL databases.

How does Drizzle provide a simple yet powerful API?

Drizzle provides dedicated adapters for each database, as well as type safety and intellisense, without heavy abstractions on top of the native SQL.

What databases does Drizzle support?

Drizzle supports popular relational databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite.

What tools does Drizzle offer in addition to the core library?

Drizzle offers optional tools like a Prisma-like query API, a CLI for database migrations called Drizzle Kit, and Drizzle Studio for data management.

What JavaScript runtimes can you use Drizzle with?

Drizzle can run on Node.js, Bun, Dino, and edge runtimes like Cloudflare Workers.

How do you define the database schema with Drizzle?

The database schema is defined using TypeScript code and functions like pgTable() and relations() to set up tables, columns, constraints, and relationships.

What does the drizzle-kit generate command do?

The drizzle-kit generate command converts the TypeScript schema definitions into SQL migration files that can be applied to the database.

What makes Neon a good database choice to use with Drizzle?

Neon is easy to use, has a generous free tier, provides a fast serverless database driver, and has a dedicated Drizzle adapter and tutorial.

What are some key benefits of using Drizzle?

Key benefits are type safety, intellisense, avoiding ORM abstraction drawbacks, dedicated adapters for each database, and optional tools like Drizzle Studio.

What is required to get started with Drizzle?

To get started you need to install Drizzle and a compatible database driver, connect to the database, define a schema, run migrations to set up tables, and then start executing queries.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Introducing drizzle - a lightweight ORM for relational databases

Paragraph 1 introduces drizzle, a lightweight object-relational mapping (ORM) tool that makes working with relational databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite simpler and more type-safe. It provides closely matched APIs and TypeScript to the underlying SQL code for benefits like intellisense without unnecessary abstractions. It has adapters for different databases and tools for cloud hosts like RDS and Fly.io. It also offers optional query APIs and a CLI for migrations and data management.

Keywords

💡object relational mapping

Object relational mapping (ORM) is a technique in programming to convert data between an object oriented system and a relational database system. The video says most real-world apps rely on databases like MySQL and use ORM to abstract away complex SQL code. Drizzle provides a type-safe ORM API to match the underlying SQL without unnecessary abstractions.

💡type safety

Type safety in programming languages ensures variable values match their declared data types. The video says Drizzle provides type safety through its API so developers can write queries with confidence without runtime errors.

💡intellisense

Intellisense is a coding assistance feature that provides smart completions and suggestions as you type. The video says Drizzle gives you intellisense benefits to make writing queries easier without extra abstractions on top of SQL.

💡schema

A database schema defines the structure and layout for tables and data. The video shows defining a schema in Drizzle using PG table functions to set up tables, columns, constraints before inserting data.

💡relations

Relations refer to associations between database tables linking records based on foreign keys. The video says defining relations in Drizzle schemas simplifies writing relational queries and joins.

💡migrations

Migrations refer to changes made to the database schema over time. Drizzle Kit is a CLI tool that handles schema migrations by generating SQL scripts to update the database.

💡drizzle Studio

Drizzle Studio is a GUI tool for visually managing data. The video says it is used to locally manage your database in conjunction with the Drizzle ORM and query API.

💡Neon

Neon is a sponsor mentioned that provides an easy to use PostgresSQL database. The video uses a Neon database with a Drizzle adapter to demonstrate queries without needing local Postgres.

💡serverless

Serverless refers to cloud services that abstract infrastructure for you. Neon offers a fast serverless Postgres driver compatible with the Drizzle ORM.

💡Cloudflare Workers

Cloudflare Workers is an edge computing platform for running code. The video says Drizzle & Neon both run on Workers for low-latency database access.

Highlights

Drizzle is an ORM that provides a SQL-like API and TypeScript types without complex abstractions

Instead of a single API, Drizzle has dedicated adapters for each database along with tools for popular cloud hosts

It also provides an optional Prisma-like query API for concise data fetching and joins

Drizzle Studio is a GUI for managing your data locally

You'll first need a relational database like Neon, which has a generous free tier

Define schema tables with PG table function - columns get SQL constraints via JS functions

References between tables create relationships with foreign keys

Relations function simplifies relational queries and joins

Drizzle kit generate creates migration files to apply schema to the database

Strongly typed schema prevents incorrect queries

Query API handles one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many relationships

Check out Neon's Drizzle tutorial to learn more

Drizzle solves object-relational mapping without unnecessary overhead or leaky abstractions

Keeps data access code type-safe with intellisense while matching the underlying SQL

Optional higher-level abstractions keep application code concise and readable

Transcripts

drizzle om a lightweight set of tools

that makes type safe object relational

mapping with your favorite relational

database fun again most apps in the real

world rely on databases like MySQL

postgressql and SQL light to store their

critical user data but working with raw

SQL can be painful and even

life-threatening when you screw up over

the decades hundreds of libraries have

been built to abstract away SQL code to

hide its complexity inside your favorite

objectoriented programming language this

technique is called object relational

mapping it's great and null but can

often bring unnecessary performance

overhead and cause leaky abstractions

because the developers have no idea how

their underlying SQL code actually works

drizzle is an omm that takes the

opposite approach it provides an API and

typescript that closely matches the

native underly SQL code this gives you

the benefits of type safety and

intellisense without all the crazy

abstractions but how is that possible

when every database is different instead

of trying to jam everything into a

single API drizzle provides dedicated

adapters for each one of them along with

dedicated tools for popular Cloud hosts

like RDS and neon but if this code looks

too raw and uncensored for you it also

provides an optional Prisma likee query

API that keeps your data fetching and

join code concise and readable in

addition it provides an optional CLI for

handling database migrations called

drizzle kit but the cherry on top is

drizzle Studio A guey you can run

locally to manage your data to get

started you'll first need a relational

database I'm going with neon my go-to

pick for a postgress database and the

sponsor of today's video neon is awesome

because it's easy to use there's a

generous free tier and it even has a

fast serverless driver with a drizzle

adapter you don't even need to install

postgress locally just create a new

database on the dashboard both drizzle

and neon are designed to run on any

JavaScript runtime like node.js bun and

Dino as well as Edge run times like

cloudflare workers now install drizzle

and your database driver then connect to

the database in your typescript code we

could start making queries now but we

don't have any data yet first we need a

schema create a schema file then Define

tables with the PG table function each

table table has a name followed by

columns defined in this JavaScript

object columns are given constraints

with JavaScript functions that match

their SQL equivalents once a table is

defined we can reference it in other

tables to create relationships with

foreign keys and optionally we can use

the relations function to simplify

relational queries and Joints now let's

convert this typescript code into

postgressql by running the drizzle kit

generate command that creates a

directory with our migration files which

we can then apply to Neon with this

migrate function and now we can use

drizzle SQL like a to insert data into

the database and because the schema is

strongly typed it's impossible to write

incorrect queries in addition because we

also created a relation in our schema we

can use the query API to fetch records

based on one to one one to many or many

to many relationships this has been

drizzle in 100 seconds shout out to Neon

for making this video possible and check

out their drizzle tutorial to learn more

thanks for watching and I will see you

in the next one