Pengertian Contoh Ideologi Besar di Dunia

Summary

This video script discusses various ideologies present in the world, including capitalism, communism, liberalism, fascism, socialism, and nationalism. It explains the origins, key principles, and examples of countries that follow these ideologies, aiming to provide a clear understanding of their impact on society.

Takeaways

• 📚 The script discusses the meaning of 'ideology', tracing its origin from the Greek words 'idein' and 'logos', which together mean a set of ideas that form beliefs and views to achieve human aspirations.
• 🌐 Ideology is defined in the Indonesian dictionary as a system of concepts that serve as the basis for opinions or events, providing direction and purpose for life's continuation.
• 🏛 In sociology, ideology is a sum of values, beliefs, assumptions, and expectations that shape society, groups, and individuals' thoughts and actions.
• 💼 Capitalism is highlighted as an economic ideology where private ownership and profit-seeking are central, popularized by Adam Smith and characterized by the 'invisible hand' theory that promotes market efficiency without government intervention.
• 🌱 Communism is presented as an ideology aiming for a classless society with common ownership of the means of production, opposing capitalism and advocating for state control over production to ensure even prosperity among the people.
• 🏛️ Liberalism is an ideology emphasizing freedom and equality, advocating for a society free from government and religious restrictions, and thriving within a democratic system.
• 🛡 Fascism is described as an ideology based on absolute authority and leadership, where the leader is supreme, and citizens are expected to obey without question to achieve national goals, often involving the suppression of perceived enemies.
• 🤝 Socialism is explained as an economic and worldview system characterized by social ownership of the means of production and the equitable distribution of production results, aiming for collective welfare over individual profit.
• 🏞 Nationalism is portrayed as an ideology that creates and maintains a nation's sovereignty by establishing a shared identity among a group of people, aiming for autonomy, unity, and identity preservation.
• 🏛️ Conservatism is a political philosophy that supports traditional values, with the term originating from the Latin word 'conservare', meaning to preserve, as culture holds timeless and diverse values.
• 🔄 Pancasila is introduced as the foundational ideology of Indonesia, a set of noble values, cultural norms, and principles that guide the nation's beliefs and thinking, based on five principles aimed at unity and progress.

Q & A

What is the origin of the term 'ideology'?

The term 'ideology' originates from the Greek language, derived from 'idein' meaning 'to see' and 'logos' meaning 'study of' or 'science of'. It can be interpreted as a set of ideas forming beliefs and concepts to achieve human aspirations.

How does the 'Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia' define 'ideology'?

The 'Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia' defines 'ideology' as a collection of interrelated concepts that serve as the basis for opinions or events, providing direction and purpose for the continuation of life.

What is the fundamental concept of capitalism according to the script?

Capitalism is an economic system where trade, industry, and production are controlled by private owners with the aim of obtaining profit in the economy. It promotes the idea of private capital and the pursuit of maximizing profits, even at the expense of workers or the environment.

Who is credited with popularizing the ideology of capitalism?

Adam Smith, known as the father of economics, is credited with popularizing the ideology of capitalism.

What is the 'Invisible Hand' theory by Adam Smith?

The 'Invisible Hand' theory by Adam Smith suggests that without government intervention, the market mechanism will efficiently allocate resources, as if guided by an invisible hand, leading to the best outcome for society.

What is the main goal of communism as described in the script?

The main goal of communism is to create a communist society with social and economic rules based on common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes.

How does the script describe the role of democracy in communism?

In communism, democracy is represented through a system of representative democracy carried out by the elites of the Communist Party, which may limit direct democracy for the people who are not members of the Party.

What is liberalism and what values does it emphasize?

Liberalism is a philosophy and political tradition based on the understanding that freedom and equality of rights are the primary political values. It envisions a society characterized by individual freedom of thought and rejects any special limitations, especially from the government and religion.

What is the core principle of fascism as mentioned in the script?

Fascism is based on the principle of absolute or authoritarian leadership, where the leader and military must be very strong to protect the nation and people, and citizens are obliged to obey the leader without exception to achieve national goals.

How does socialism differ from capitalism in terms of ownership and production?

Socialism is characterized by social ownership of the means of production and the equitable distribution of production results, aiming to serve the needs of society as a whole, rather than being organized by individuals or private institutions for individual or group profit.

What is the meaning of 'Pancasila' and its significance in Indonesia?

Pancasila is a set of supreme values, culture, and norms that form the basis of the nation's faith and way of thinking in Indonesia. It is derived from the Sanskrit words 'Panca' meaning five, and 'sila' meaning principle or foundation, and it serves as the national ideology and the foundation of governance in Indonesia.

What are the five principles of Pancasila?

The script does not provide specific details on the five principles of Pancasila, but generally, they are considered normative values for governance and are agreed upon collectively, serving as a means of uniting the Indonesian society.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Ideologies

This paragraph introduces the concept of ideology, explaining its etymology from the Greek words 'idein' and 'logos', meaning 'idea' and 'study' respectively. It discusses how ideologies form a set of ideas that shape beliefs and perspectives to achieve human aspirations. The paragraph also touches on the definition of ideology from the Great Indonesian Dictionary and its role in society, as well as the influence of ideologies on societal actions and interactions.

05:01

🏛 Capitalism and Communism

The second paragraph delves into two major ideologies: capitalism and communism. Capitalism is described as an economic system where private ownership and profit-seeking drive trade and industry, with Adam Smith's 'Invisible Hand' theory highlighted as a key principle. Communism, on the other hand, is presented as a political and economic philosophy aiming for a classless society with common ownership of the means of production. It discusses the role of the Communist Party in seizing power and dismantling capitalism, and the opposition to individual capital accumulation.

10:08

🌐 Liberalism, Fascism, and Socialism

This paragraph covers liberalism, fascism, and socialism. Liberalism is defined as a philosophy that values freedom and equality, advocating for a free society with individual thought and democracy. Fascism is characterized by absolute authority and leadership, where the state and people must obey the leader without exception, often involving the destruction of perceived enemies. Socialism is introduced as an economic and social system marked by social ownership of the means of production and equal distribution of outcomes, aiming to serve societal needs rather than individual profit.

15:10

🏙 Nationalism and Conservatism

The fourth paragraph explores nationalism and conservatism. Nationalism is described as a belief that creates and maintains a nation's sovereignty, striving for unity and identity among a group of people. Different forms of nationalism, such as civic, ethnic, romantic, and cultural, are mentioned. Conservatism is presented as a political philosophy that supports traditional values, with the term originating from the Latin word 'conserved', meaning to preserve. The paragraph also lists countries that adhere to these ideologies.

🏛 Pancasila: The Ideology of Indonesia

The final paragraph focuses on Pancasila, the foundational philosophy of Indonesia, which consists of a set of high cultural values and norms that serve as the basis for the nation's beliefs and thought processes. Derived from the Sanskrit words 'Panca' (five) and 'sila' (principle or foundation), Pancasila is the national ideology that aims to unite the diverse Indonesian society under a common set of principles.

Keywords

💡Ideology

Ideology refers to a set of beliefs, values, and ideas that shape the way people perceive and interact with the world. In the video, it is discussed as a foundational concept that influences various aspects of society, such as economic systems and political structures. The script mentions different ideologies like capitalism, communism, and liberalism, highlighting their impact on societal norms and governance.

💡Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system where trade, industry, and production are controlled by private owners with the aim of generating profit. The video script introduces capitalism as an ideology popularized by Adam Smith, emphasizing the concept of private ownership and the pursuit of profit. It contrasts with other ideologies like communism, which advocates for collective ownership.

💡Communism

Communism is a political and economic ideology that seeks to establish a classless society based on common ownership of the means of production. The script explains communism as an anti-capitalist ideology that aims to eliminate class distinctions and achieve social equality. It mentions the role of the Communist Party in implementing this ideology and the concept of collective ownership.

💡Liberalism

Liberalism is a political philosophy that values individual freedom and equality. The video discusses liberalism as an ideology that opposes restrictions, particularly from the government and religion, and thrives in democratic systems. It is presented as a contrast to ideologies like fascism, which emphasize absolute authority and control.

💡Fascism

Fascism is a political ideology characterized by absolute authority and a strong, centralized government. The script describes fascism as a system where the leader and military have absolute power, and citizens are expected to obey without question. It contrasts with ideologies that promote individual freedoms and democratic processes.

💡Socialism

Socialism is an economic and social system where the means of production are socially owned and the distribution of goods is based on need. The video script defines socialism as an ideology that aims to achieve social equality by eliminating private ownership of production. It is presented as an alternative to both capitalism and communism, focusing on collective ownership and social welfare.

💡Nationalism

Nationalism is a political ideology that seeks to preserve and strengthen the identity and sovereignty of a nation. The script explores different forms of nationalism, such as civic, ethnic, and cultural nationalism, emphasizing the importance of shared identity and unity. It also discusses how nationalism can manifest in various ways, such as through political, cultural, or religious affiliations.

💡Conservatism

Conservatism is a political philosophy that supports traditional values and institutions. The video script introduces conservatism as an ideology that seeks to preserve established customs and practices. It contrasts with ideologies that advocate for radical change or progressive reforms, focusing instead on maintaining stability and continuity.

💡Pancasila

Pancasila is the foundational philosophy of the Indonesian state, consisting of five principles that guide the nation's beliefs and governance. The script explains Pancasila as a set of values that unify the diverse Indonesian society and serve as a basis for national unity and development. It is presented as a unique Indonesian ideology that emphasizes harmony and consensus.

💡Invisible Hand

The 'Invisible Hand' is a concept introduced by Adam Smith in the context of capitalism, suggesting that the self-interest of individuals in a free-market economy leads to economic benefits for society as a whole. The video script uses this term to illustrate the role of the market in allocating resources efficiently without government intervention, which is a fundamental principle of free-market capitalism.

💡Democracy

Democracy is a system of government where power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives. The script discusses democracy in relation to liberalism, highlighting its importance in ensuring individual freedoms and equality. It contrasts with ideologies like communism and fascism, which limit democratic processes and emphasize centralized control.

Highlights

Introduction to the concept of ideology and its origin from the Greek words 'idein' and 'logos'.

Definition of ideology as a set of ideas forming beliefs and views to achieve human aspirations.

Explanation of how ideology shapes minds, actions, and interactions in society.

Discussion on capitalism as an economic system controlled by private owners for profit.

Adam Smith's 'Invisible Hand' theory and its foundational role in free market ideology.

Communism defined as a political, social, and economic philosophy aiming for a classless society.

The role of the Communist Party in implementing and maintaining a communist society.

Liberalism's emphasis on freedom and equality as the core political values.

Fascism characterized by absolute authority and the leader's role in safeguarding the nation.

Socialism's focus on social ownership of the means of production and equitable distribution of outcomes.

Nationalism as a belief system creating and maintaining national sovereignty and identity.

Different forms of nationalism, including civic, ethnic, romantic, cultural, and state nationalism.

Conservatism's support for traditional values and its varied goals across different cultures.

Pancasila as the philosophical foundation and national ideology of Indonesia.

The five principles of Pancasila and their significance in Indonesian governance and unity.

The video's educational purpose without favoring any particular ideology.

Invitation for viewers to leave comments and subscribe for more content.

Transcripts

Halo Halo sahabat kifosis apa kabar hari

ini semoga sehat selalu bertemu lagi

dengan channel TV channel yang memuat

edukasi dan musim Pada kesempatan kali

ini kita akan membahas pengertian

ideologi dan macam-macam ideologi yang

ada di dunia untuk lebih jelas tonton

video ini sampai selesai jangan lupa

subscribe dan bunyikan loncengnya agar

tidak ketinggalan video video terbaru

lainnya dari channel kick fasis cekidot

Hei kowe engko ideologi sebuah kata yang

tidak asing ditelinga kita tapi Tahukah

kita apa

ideologi istilah ideologi berasal dari

bahasa Yunani yaitu idein dan logos idea

in berarti cara memandang melihat ide

dan cita-cita sementara logos adalah

logia atau ilmu dari istilah ini

ideologi dapat diartikan sebagai

seperangkat ide yang membentuk keyakinan

dan paham untuk mewujudkan cita-cita

manusia Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia

mendefinisikan ideologi sebagai kumpulan

konsep bersistem yang dijadikan asas

pendapat atau kejadian yang memberikan

arah dan tujuan untuk kelangsungan hidup

[Musik]

dilansir dari toko dalam ilmu sosiologi

ideologi adalah penjumlahan dari nilai

kepercayaan asumsi dan ekspektasi

seorang ideologi ada di dalam masyarakat

dalam kelompok dan di

orang-orang ideologi membentuk pikiran

tindakan dan interaksi bersama dengan

apa yang terjadi di masyarakat luas

[Musik]

Hai Dan inilah Dia macam-macam ideologi

yang ada di dunia kapitalisme ideologi

kapitalisme adalah salah satu dari

macam-macam ideologi yang cukup dikenal

di dunia ideologi kapitalisme ini

dipopulerkan oleh Bapak ilmu ekonomi

dunia yaitu Adam Smith ideologi

kapitalisme hadir karena ketidak

Setujuan dengan sistem ekonomi

Merkantilisme yang berkembang pada saat

itu adapun pengertian kapitalisme adalah

sistem ekonomi dimana perdagangan

industri dan out produksi dikendalikan

oleh pemilik swasta dengan tujuan

memperoleh keuntungan dalam ekonomi

pasar kapitalisme menggagas ide modal

sekecil-kecilnya dan keuntungan yang

besarnya Para pemilik modal dalam

melakukan usahanya berusaha untuk meraih

keuntungan sebesar-besarnya walaupun

harus mengorbankan para buruh atau

karyawan dengan membayar upah yang kecil

tidak mengendalikan dampak lingkungan

dan lain-lain yang dianggap mengurangi

keuntungan besar mereka teori Adam Smith

mengenai ideologi kapitalisme yang cukup

dikenal luas yaitu teori Invisible hand

atau tangan yang tidak terlihat dengan

artian tanpa adanya campur tangan

pemerintah dimana mekanisme pasar akan

menjadi alat alokasi sumber daya yang

efisien Teori ini merupakan salah satu

pondasi dalam ideologi pasar bebas yang

mengunggulkan peran swasta dan

mengharamkan program pemerintah dan

inilah Dia negara yang menganut ideologi

kapitalisme

Hai menyentuh

[Musik]

Hai komunisme komunisme adalah ideologi

yang berkenaan dengan filosofi politik

sosial dan ekonomi yang tujuan utamanya

terciptanya masyarakat komunis dengan

aturan sosial ekonomi berdasarkan

kepemilikan bersama alat produksi dan

tidak adanya kelas sosial untuk mencapai

masyarakat yang komunis maka

digunakanlah sistem Partai Komunis untuk

mengambil alih kekuasaan dan tentunya

akan merobohkan juga ideologi

kapitalisme Karena pada dasarnya

komunisme ini hadir sebagai ideologi

yang anti kapitalisme komunisme juga

sangat menentang kepemilikan akumulasi

modal para individu karena pada

prinsipnya semua kepemilikan modal dan

ekonomi adalah milik rakyat dan oleh

karena itu seluruh alat-alat produksi

harus dikuasai oleh negara

kemakmuran rakyat secara merata

komunisme memperkenalkan penggunaan

sistem demokrasi terwakilkan yang

dilakukan oleh elit-elit Partai Komunis

Oleh karena itu maka akan sangat

membatasi langsung demokrasi pada rakyat

yang bukan merupakan anggota Partai

Komunis hal itu terjadi karena dalam

paham komunisme tidak dikenal hak

perorangan sebagaimana terdapat pada

paham liberalisme Adapun negara yang

menganut ideologi komunis adalah sebagai

berikut a

Hai menyentuh liberalisme liberalisme

atau liberal adalah sebuah ideologi

pandangan filsafat dan tradisi politik

yang didasarkan pada pemahaman bahwa

kebebasan dan persamaan hak adalah nilai

politik yang utama secara umum

liberalisme mencita-citakan suatu

masyarakat yang bebas dicirikan oleh

kebebasan berpikir bagi para individu

paham liberalisme Menolak adanya

pembatasan khususnya dari pemerintah dan

agama dalam masyarakat modern

liberalisme akan dapat tumbuh dalam

sistem demokrasi Hal ini dikarenakan

keduanya sama-sama didasarkan pada

kebebasan mayoritas berikut adalah

negara yang menganut ideologi

liberalisme

[Musik]

Hai Bingung kau mungkin memang fasisme

fasisme adalah paham yang berdasarkan

prinsip kepemimpinan dengan otoritas

yang mutlak atau Absolut dalam fasisme

pemimpin dan militer harus benar-benar

kuat menjaga negara dan rakyat wajib

patuh terhadap pemimpin tanpa

pengecualian untuk mencapai tujuan

negara yang fasis maka mereka tidak

segan menghancurkan musuh dimana musuh

diartikan sebagai kerangka konspirasi

atau ideologi lain mereka juga mempunyai

pola pikir bahwa musuh berada

dimana-mana baik di medan perang maupun

dalam bangsa sendiri sebagai Elemen yang

tidak sesuai dengan ideologi pasif dalam

ideologi fasis individualitas manusia

menjadi hilang dan pengikut menjadi emas

yang seragam dimana individu hanya

menjadi alat untuk mencapai tujuan

gerakan pasif tersebut inilah negara

yang pernah menganut ideologi fasis

Kyuhyun berhenti sosialisme sosialisme

adalah serangkaian sistem ekonomi dan

pandangan hidup yang ditandai dengan

kepemilikan sosial atas alat-alat

produksi serta pembagian hasil produksi

secara merata kata sosialisme sendiri

berasal dari bahasa Perancis yang

berarti kemasyarakatan umumnya sebutan

sosialisme dikenakan bagi aliran yang

hendak mewujudkan masyarakat berdasarkan

hak milik bersama terhadap atau produksi

Agar keuntungannya semata-mata untuk

melayani kebutuhan masyarakat secara

merata dalam artian lain sosialisme

hadir agar produksi tidak

diselenggarakan oleh orang-orang atau

lembaga perorangan atau swasta yang

hanya memperoleh keuntungan secara

individu atau kelompok tertentu

nyah bagi sosialis sistem ekonomi yang

bersifat kolektif lebih mampu Bersikap

Adil sedangkan produksi secara bebas

keuntungan individu yang kompetitif

harus dihilangkan dari Pengertian

tersebut maka ada empat macam aliran

yang bisa dikategorikan sebagai

sosialisme di luar dari pengertian

ideologi sosialisme juga dapat diartikan

sebagai rasa perhatian simpati dan

empati antar individu kepada individu

lainnya tanpa memandang status Pilihlah

negara-negara yang menjalankan ideologi

sosialisme-komunisme

[Musik]

lebih rezeki nasionalisme ideologi

nasionalisme adalah suatu paham yang

menciptakan dan mempertahankan

kedaulatan sebuah negara dengan

mewujudkan suatu konsep identitas

bersama untuk kelompok manusia

nasionalisme juga bertujuan untuk

mencapai dan mempertahankan otonomi

kesatuan dan identitas Adapun

bentuk-bentuk dari Nasionalisme

diantaranya nasionalisme kewarganegaraan

atau sipil adalah sejenis nasionalisme

dimana negara memperoleh kebenaran

politik dari partisipasi aktif rakyatnya

Hai nasionalisme etnis adalah sejenis

nasionalisme dimana negara memperoleh

kebenaran politik dari budaya asal atau

etnis sebuah masyarakat nasionalisme

romantik adalah lanjutan dari

Nasionalisme etnis dimana negara

memperoleh kebenaran politik sebagai

sesuatu yang alamiah atau organik yang

merupakan ekspresi dari bangsa atau ras

nasionalisme Budaya adalah jenis

nasionalisme dimana negara memperoleh

kebenaran politik dari budaya bersama

yang tidak bersifat turun-temurun

seperti warna kulit atau ras atau bahasa

[Musik]

nasionalisme kenegaraan merupakan

variasi nasionalisme kewarganegaraan

yang sering dikombinasikan dengan

nasionalisme etnis dalam nasionalisme

kenegaraan bangsa adalah komunitas yang

memberikan

isi terhadap pemeliharaan dan kekuatan

negara nasionalisme agama adalah

nasionalisme dimana negara memperoleh

legitimasi politik dari persamaan agama

namun bagi kebanyakan kelompok

nasionalis agama hanya merupakan simbol

dan bukanlah motivasi utama

Hai inilah negara yang menganut ideologi

nasionalisme konservatisme konservatisme

adalah sebuah filsafat politik yang

mendukung nilai-nilai tradisional

istilah ini berasal dari kata dalam

bahasa Latin yaitu conserved yang

berarti melestarikan karena budaya

memiliki nilai-nilai yang mapan dan

berbeda-beda maka kaum konservatif di

berbagai kebudayaan tersebut mempunyai

tujuan yang berbeda-beda pula Adapun

negara yang menganut ideologi

konservatisme adalah sebagai berikut a

Hai menurutmu Pancasila ideologi

Pancasila merupakan kumpulan nilai luhur

budaya dan norma yang menjadi landasan

keyakinan dan cara berpikir bangsa untuk

mencapai tujuan dengan berdasar kepada

lima sila dalam pancasila bagi bangsa

Indonesia pancasila adalah dasar negara

yang sekaligus juga sebagai Ideologi

nasional bangsa Kata Pancasila itu

sendiri berasal dari bahasa Sansekerta

yang terdiri dari dua kata yaitu Panca

yang berarti lima dan sila yang berarti

prinsip atau asas berikut adalah kelima

sila yang ada dalam Pancasila Adapun

makna dari Idul

Pancasila adalah sebagai berikut 1

nilai-nilai yang tercantum didalam

Pancasila itu menjadi cita-cita normatif

penyelenggaraan bernegara dua

nilai-nilai yang tercantum didalam

Pancasila ini merupakan nilai yang

disepakati secara bersama oleh karena

itu menjadi satu diantara sarana di

dalam pemersatu masyarakat Indonesia

[Musik]

[Tepuk tangan]

[Musik]

Baiklah sahabat invasif itulah 8

ideologi besar yang ada di dunia versi

Kipasin video ini dibuatkan untuk

edukasi tanpa ada maksud untuk

menitikberatkan ke salah satu ideologi

karena pada dasarnya banyaknya Ideologi

itu terjadi karena perbedaan orang-orang

dan cara berpikir dan cara meyakini

sesuatu hal yang sakral

Hai sekian video kali ini tinggalkan

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