Gradable and Ungradable Adjectives - English Grammar for B2 First (FCE)
Summary
TLDREl guion del video de SMASH English, presentado por Toby, explora el uso de adjetivos clasificables y no clasificables, así como los adverbios que los modifican, en el contexto del examen B2 First de Cambridge. Toby ilustra cómo los adjetivos como 'good' pueden ser modificados para indicar diferentes niveles de calidad, mientras que adjetivos como 'perfect' o 'true' no tienen niveles y son considerados absolutos. El video combina humor y ejemplos prácticos para ayudar a los estudiantes a entender y aplicar estos conceptos en su aprendizaje del inglés.
Takeaways
- 😀 Los adjetivos son palabras muy útiles para describir personas, cosas y situaciones.
- 📚 Los adjetivos se dividen en dos categorías principales: los gradables y los ungradables (también conocidos como absolutos).
- 🔍 Los adjetivos gradables admiten diferentes niveles o grados, como 'good' que puede ser 'very good', 'quite good', 'rather good', etc.
- 📉 El uso de ciertos adverbios con adjetivos gradables puede cambiar su significado dependiendo de la entonación, como 'quite good' que puede indicar satisfacción o decepción.
- 🆚 Los adjetivos ungradables no tienen niveles distintos, son absolutos; por ejemplo, algo es 'perfecto' o no lo es, no hay 'un poco perfecto'.
- 🚫 Con los adjetivos ungradables no se pueden usar adverbios como 'very', 'extremely', 'particularly' o 'terribly', ya que estos adjetivos ya expresan una idea extrema.
- 👍 Algunos adverbios, como 'quite', 'pretty', 'rather', 'absolutely', 'really', 'completely', 'utterly', pueden usarse con adjetivos ungradables para enfatizar su significado.
- 📝 La pronunciación y la entonación son importantes para entender el significado de ciertos adjetivos y adverbios, como 'pretty' o 'a bit'.
- 🎥 El script es parte de un video educativo de SMASH English, presentado por Toby, enfocado en ayudar a los estudiantes a entender el uso de adjetivos para el examen B2 First Cambridge.
- 💬 El uso de la ironía y el humor en el script es una técnica para mantener a los estudiantes interesados y comprometidos en el aprendizaje.
- 🔗 El video ofrece enlaces adicionales para más aprendizaje sobre el uso de 'too' y otros conceptos lingüísticos relevantes para el examen B2 First Cambridge.
Q & A
¿Qué es un adjetivo gradable y cómo se relaciona con los adverbios que los modifican?
-Un adjetivo gradable es aquel que permite diferentes niveles o grados de la cualidad que describe. Los adverbios como 'very', 'really', 'extremely', 'particularly' y 'terribly' se utilizan para modificar estos adjetivos y expresar distintos grados de la cualidad.
¿Cuál es la diferencia entre 'gradable' y 'ungradable' adjetivos según el script?
-Los adjetivos gradables son aquellos que se pueden modificar con adverbios para indicar diferentes niveles de la cualidad. En cambio, los adjetivos ungradables, también conocidos como absolutos, no tienen niveles distintos y no se pueden modificar con adverbios que indiquen grado.
¿Qué ejemplos de adjetivos gradables se mencionan en el script?
-Algunos ejemplos de adjetivos gradables mencionados en el script incluyen 'good', 'pretty', 'terrible' y 'a bit', que se pueden combinar con adverbios para expresar diferentes grados de la cualidad descrita.
¿Cómo cambia el significado de 'quite good' según la entonación en inglés?
-Cuando la entonación disminuye con el adjetivo 'quite good', significa que algo es aceptable pero no perfecto. Si la entonación se mantiene, indica que algo es fantástico o perfecto.
¿Qué significa 'terribly' como adverbio y cómo difiere de 'terrible' como adjetivo?
-'Terrible' como adjetivo significa muy malo, mientras que como adverbio 'terribly' significa extremadamente, es decir, muy muy bueno en el contexto del script.
¿Por qué 'pretty' como adverbio tiene un significado similar a 'quite'?
-'Pretty' como adverbio significa lo mismo que 'quite', y se utiliza para indicar un grado de la cualidad que es bueno pero no excepcional.
¿Qué es un adjetivo ungradable y cómo se relaciona con los adverbios que pueden修饰它们?
-Un adjetivo ungradable es aquel que no permite diferentes niveles de la cualidad que describe y se considera absoluto. Aunque no se pueden usar adverbios de grado con ellos, sí se pueden usar adverbios como 'quite', 'pretty', 'rather', 'absolutely', 'really', 'completely', y 'utterly', que en este caso no cambian el significado del adjetivo sino que enfatizan su absolutud.
¿Qué ejemplos de adjetivos ungradables se mencionan en el script?
-Algunos ejemplos de adjetivos ungradables mencionados en el script son 'perfect', 'true', 'free', 'fantastic', 'excellent', 'superb', 'impossible' y 'boiling'.
¿Cómo se puede usar el adverbio 'a bit' con adjetivos gradables y ungradables?
-'A bit' se puede usar con adjetivos gradables para indicar un grado menor de la cualidad, pero se utiliza con adjetivos ungradables para expresar una crítica o algo negativo, ya que no hay niveles intermedios para estas cualidades absolutas.
¿Por qué es importante entender la diferencia entre adjetivos gradables y ungradables en el contexto del examen B2 First Cambridge?
-La comprensión de la diferencia entre adjetivos gradables y ungradables es importante en el examen B2 First Cambridge porque ayuda a los estudiantes a usar el lenguaje de manera más precisa y adecuada, lo que refleja un nivel más alto de competencia en inglés.
Outlines
😀 Adverbios y Adjetivos Gradables
El primer párrafo presenta la importancia de los adjetivos y su uso en inglés, especialmente en el contexto del examen B2 First de Cambridge. Toby, el presentador, destaca la diferencia entre adjetivos gradables y no gradables. Ejemplifica con 'good', mostrando cómo se pueden utilizar diferentes niveles de esta palabra para expresar la calidad de algo. Además, explica cómo el adverbio 'terribly' puede tener un significado distinto al adjetivo 'terrible', siendo 'terribly good' una expresión de lo extremadamente bueno. Se menciona la importancia de la entonación en la pronunciación de adjetivos como 'quite' y 'pretty', que puede cambiar el significado de la oración.
😉 Adjetivos No Gradables y Su Uso
El segundo párrafo se enfoca en los adjetivos no gradables, también conocidos como adjetivos absolutos, que no permiten niveles intermedios. Toby da ejemplos como 'perfect', 'true' y 'free', que son either-or, es decir, algo es o no es. También se menciona que algunos adjetivos no gradables como 'fantastic' ya expresan una idea de extremo y no se pueden combinar con adverbios que amplíen su significado, como 'very' o 'extremely'. Se proporciona una lista de adjetivos no gradables y se sugiere que, aunque no se pueden modificar con ciertos adverbios, sí se pueden usar con otros como 'quite', 'pretty', 'rather', 'absolutely', etc.
🎉 Conclusión: Aprendiendo de SMASH English
En el último párrafo, Toby concluye el video resumiendo los conceptos de adjetivos gradables y no gradables, y cómo se pueden modificar con adverbios. Comparte su experiencia personal de aprendizaje de inglés y cómo el canal SMASH English lo ayudó a mejorar. El video termina con un llamado a la acción para que el espectador suscribirse y deje un comentario, enfatizando la excelencia del canal y la enseñanza de Toby.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Adjectives
💡Gradable adjectives
💡Ungradable adjectives
💡Adverbs
💡Toby
💡SMASH English
💡B2 First Cambridge
💡Intonation
💡English
💡Perfect
💡Free
Highlights
Adjectives are essential for describing things and can be gradable or ungradable.
Gradable adjectives can have varying degrees, such as 'good' with levels like 'very good' or 'terribly good'.
The adverb 'terribly' can mean 'extremely' when modifying adjectives, unlike its negative connotation as an adjective.
Intonation plays a role in the meaning of gradable adjectives, like 'quite good' indicating either mediocrity or excellence based on pitch.
The word 'pretty' functions differently as an adjective and adverb, with 'pretty good' having distinct meanings based on context.
Ungradable adjectives, also known as absolute adjectives, do not have varying degrees, such as 'perfect' or 'true'.
Adverbs like 'quite', 'pretty', and 'absolutely' can be used with ungradable adjectives, but they do not change the degree of the adjective.
English can be confusing due to the dual usage of words like 'terrible' and 'pretty' in different grammatical roles.
The channel SMASH English is praised for its educational content on the English language.
Toby, the founder of SMASH English, is described as an ingenious English teacher.
The importance of understanding gradable and ungradable adjectives for the B2 First Cambridge exam is emphasized.
A list of ungradable adjectives is provided, including 'impossible', 'ingenious', 'fuming', and 'exhausted'.
Adverbs that can be used with ungradable adjectives are listed, such as 'really', 'completely', and 'utterly'.
The video uses humor and personal anecdotes to illustrate the concepts of gradable and ungradable adjectives.
A call to action for viewers to subscribe to SMASH English is made with a playful threat of being 'an utterly awful person' if they don't.
The video concludes with a summary of the key points about adjectives for the B2 First Cambridge exam.
Transcripts
Adjectives! Adjectives? Adjectives! Adjectives are my favorite words! We use them to describe
things. For example: "Toby is great! He is very intelligent and his videos are fantastic!" Oh,
I love adjectives! They are so useful! But did you know that some adjectives are gradable and
other adjectives are ungradeable? No! No I didn't! Well then this is a big problem...
My name is Toby, this is SMASH English and here is everything you need to know about
gradable and ungradable adjectives and the adverbs that modify them for the B2 First Cambridge
exam. Look at these adjectives. They are boring! I know all of them! I know they are and I know
that you know what these adjectives mean because you are very intelligent... B2 level... wow...
Wow! Thanks, Toby! But did you know that these adjectives are all gradable adjectives? No!
No I didn't know! I'm so stupid! Yes, yes you are and that is a terrible thing. Hi, um
did you watch the new SMASH English video last night? Uh, yes of course. It was...
Bruce it's good! Good! Good. All right forget it that's good enough... Good. The SMASH English
video was good. But how good? How good was the SMASH English video? The adjective GOOD is
gradable because we can have different levels of GOOD. We can have good and we can have quite good,
rather good, pretty good, and fairly good. And we can have very good, really good, particularly
good, extremely good and terribly good. That is a lot of goods! Oh and uh yeah we can say
TERRIBLY good. TERRIBLE as an adjective means very bad but TERRIBLE as an adverb means EXTREMELY.
So TERRIBLY GOOD means very very good. Isn't that amazing? Isn't that strange? Wow English is great.
Let's take a look at some of these in more detail because sometimes their meaning depends on their
pronunciation. You mean I need to say it again? Yes we're recording! Okay! Hi um did you watch the
new SMASH English video uh last night? Yeah the SMASH English video? Yeah uh it was,
it was quite good. Notice the intonation here. The intonation lowers with the adjective.
The SMASH English video was quite good. This means the video was okay. It was good
but it had some problems, it was not perfect. Well I thought the video was quite good!
Now the intonation is sustained, the intonation does not fall on the adjective. The SMASH English
video was quite good. This means that the video was fantastic. It means the video was perfect. It
means the SMASH English video was brilliant and of course of course, Monica, I agree with you!
Um you agree with what? I agree that the video was quite good! Oh I don't think that! Not at all! It
was in the script you gave me. Oh my god... how embarrassing. That's really embarrassing.
We can also do the same with PRETTY. The video was PRETTY good.
PRETTY GOOD means the video was okay. It was good but it had some problems. However
the video was PRETTY GOOD means the video was great, fantastic, beautiful, amazing,
wonderful like every other SMASH English video! Ah PRETTY is similar to TERRIBLE because TERRIBLE as
an adjective means really really bad but TERRIBLY means extremely. PRETTY as an adjective means
cute, nice to look at attractive, usually for women but PRETTY as an adverb means the same as
quite. So you can be pretty ugly which means you're quite ugly, not
beautiful and ugly. Phwoar, English it's a bit confusing... A bit confusing?! Wait! What is it?
What is it? This is so much fun! A BIT! A bit? A bit! It means the same as pretty,
rathe,r fairly and quite except we only use it for something negative. It is very similar to
TOO but less extreme. And by the way if you want to see a video all about how to use TOO for the
B2 First Cambridge exam then click this link, learn all about it you will love me, I will love
you and we will love too together... TOOgether! Brilliant! Play on words! Genius... poetry...
this is poetry. So when I say English is a bit confusing i am criticizing English
and that is a terrible thing to do because English is great especially SMASH English. Actually
SMASH English is the best type of English. It's the only real type of English and if
you don't study SMASH English then you will never really know English so subscribe...
Hold on a second... Ciao Monica speaking.... Monica! Do you want to go for dinner with me?
Excuse me who are you? Actually wait I don't care! I never say no to a free dinner. Um,
so where are we going? Oh well I only have money for a picnic. A picnic? You mean like on the
ground with the homeless people? Um no thank you. Oh my god that's disgusting. Goodbye|!
What a loser. God! Monica? Monica! So remember with gradable adjectives we can use a bit, quite,
pretty, rather, and fairly and we can use very,
really, extremely, particularly, and terribly. Isn't that interesting?
That's interesting yes? Really interesting!? Yes! It's very interesting! But we also have ungradable
adjectives. These are adjectives that we cannot have different levels of. They are also called
absolute adjectives. And this sounds a bit confusing (criticism) but it's not. For example:
Toby is perfect, everything he says is true and he gives us so much for free. Thanks Bruce.
Here PERFECT, TRUE and FREE are ungradable. That's because something is either perfect or it isn't.
Something is either true or it isn't. Something is either free or it isn't. There are no levels
of free, of true or perfect. They are absolute. SMASH English videos are not a bit free or very
free they just are free and we love free things here at SMASH English and so do you and that's why
you will press the like button now. Do as I say! Do it! Please? NOW. Other ungradable adjectives
already are VERY they already are extreme and as a result we cannot use VERY, EXTREMELY,
PARTICULARLY, and TERRIBLY. For example: FANTASTIC. Fantastic already means very good
so we cannot say very fantastic and we cannot say a bit fantastic because a bit fantastic means a
bit very good... But Toby that makes no sense! No, no it doesn't. So here are our gradable adjectives
and here are some ungradable alternatives: impossible, ingenious, fuming or furious
,terrified or petrified, enormous or huge, exhausted, fantastic or excellent or superb,
awful or terrible, boiling, freezing and delighted or ecstatic. However we can use
some adverbs with these. We can use QUITE, PRETTY, RATHER, ABSOLUTELY, REALLY, COMPLETELY,
and UTTERLY. Wow! that's amazing! That's utterly, really, completely, absolutely, quite, rather,
really (is that all of them) amazing! Maybe it was? I don't know. I have problems... But it
doesn't matter which one you use with ungradable adjectives because they all mean the same thing.
That is so convenient. When i was a little girl I thought English was absolutely impossible.
But I'm not a girl? Just read! OK fine! Fine! I was quite furious with myself for being so stupid.
What is this? I don't want to read this! And pretty exhausted from trying to study
all day. I was completely petrified. I thought I would be a failure forever.
But then I found a quite superb channel on youtube, SMASH English. I'm on that channel!
It's great! SMASH English was founded by Toby. He is an absolutely ingenious English teacher.
Yeah. He is pretty beautiful and so humble. Good job! Good job! And now I am completely delighted
with my level of English and my face. My face is great especially on camera. So subscribe
and if you don't you are an utterly awful person. Brilliant! That was brilliant. And with that
we are finished! Now you know everything you need to know about gradable and ungradable adjectives
and the adverbs that modify them for the B2 First Cambridge exam. If you liked the video don't
forget to SMASH that like button, subscribe if you haven't already, leave a comment down below!
My name is Toby and this was SMASH
English...
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