Counseling as a Discipline

Humans and Society
17 Mar 202109:55

Summary

TLDRThis video script explores the discipline of counseling, emphasizing its role in guiding individuals through life's challenges. It distinguishes counseling from psychiatry and outlines its focus on normal life events, highlighting the importance of context, including family, peers, neighborhood, and culture. The script also details the counseling process, goals, and ethical principles, aiming to empower clients towards self-emancipation.

Takeaways

  • πŸ˜€ Counseling is a discipline that involves applying psychological theories and communication skills to address a client's individual concerns, problems, or aspirations.
  • 🏠 The family is the primary context in which a person learns, develops, and socializes, and plays a significant role in counseling.
  • πŸ‘« Peers have a strong influence on an individual, often introducing personal issues and affecting the counseling process.
  • 🏘️ The neighborhood is an immediate context that can introduce additional strengths or challenges to counseling.
  • 🌐 Culture provides the norms, values, symbols, and language that influence an individual's functioning and is crucial for understanding the client's struggles in counseling.
  • 🀝 Counseling is a non-clinical intervention, distinct from psychiatry, which deals with the treatment of mental illnesses using clinical methods.
  • 🏫 School counseling is vital for facilitating positive change in student behavior, feelings, and attitudes, often through individual or group interventions.
  • πŸ“Š Counseling utilizes appraisal and assessment tools like psychological tests to gather information about clients and aid in the counseling process.
  • πŸ” The counseling process involves six stages: developing trust, exploring problem areas, setting goals, empowering into action, maintaining change, and deciding when to end the relationship.
  • πŸ’ͺ The goal of counseling is to empower clients, helping them achieve self-emancipation, self-awareness, and positive self-management.
  • 🌟 Core values of counseling include respect for human dignity, partnership, autonomy, responsible caring, personal integrity, and social justice.

Q & A

  • What is the primary focus of the discipline of counseling?

    -The primary focus of the discipline of counseling is to guide a person during a stage of life when assessments or decisions have to be made about themselves and their life course. It involves applying psychological theories and communication skills to address a client's individual concerns, problems, or aspirations.

  • How does counseling differ from psychiatry?

    -Counseling is a non-clinical intervention that deals with normal responses to life events and does not involve the treatment of mental illnesses. Psychiatry, on the other hand, is a branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of mentally ill individuals using clinical interventions such as drugs, surgical procedures, and non-physical approaches.

  • What are some areas of expertise where counselors operate?

    -Counselors operate in a wide range of areas such as marriage, family, youth, student counseling, and other life transitions. They also deal with issues like managing loss and death, retirement, divorce, parenting, and bankruptcy.

  • Why is school counseling considered important?

    -School counseling is important as it is usually done as individual or group intervention designed to facilitate positive change in student behavior, feelings, and attitudes. It is widely considered the heart of guidance services in schools.

  • What role do psychological tests and non-psychometric devices play in counseling?

    -Psychological tests and non-psychometric devices are used in counseling to gather information about clients. This aids in the counseling process by providing a better understanding of the client's situation and needs.

  • What are the primary contexts that influence a client in counseling?

    -The primary contexts that influence a client in counseling include the family, peers, neighborhood, culture, and the counseling situation itself. Each of these contexts plays a significant role in shaping the client's experiences and responses.

  • How do the attitudes and behaviors of peers influence an individual in counseling?

    -The attitudes, norms, and behaviors of friends have a strong influence on adolescence. Many personal issues are often introduced to the individual by their peers, making the peer context an important factor in understanding the client's situation.

  • What are the six stages of the counseling process as described in the script?

    -The six stages of the counseling process are developing trust, exploring problem areas, helping to set goals, empowering into action, helping to maintain change, and finally agreeing when to end the helping relationship.

  • What is the general goal of counseling?

    -The general goal of counseling is to lead an individual or group to self-emancipation in relation to a felt problem. This involves achieving insight and understanding of oneself, better self-awareness, self-acceptance, and the ability to manage oneself positively.

  • What are the core values of counseling?

    -The core values of counseling include respect for human dignity, partnership, autonomy, responsible caring, personal integrity, and social justice.

  • What are the ethical principles that counselors should adhere to?

    -Counselors should act with care and respect for individual and cultural differences, avoid doing harm, respect the confidences entrusted to them, promote safety and well-being, increase the range of choices and opportunities for clients, be honest and trustworthy, practice within their competence, and treat colleagues and other professionals with respect.

Outlines

00:00

πŸ“š Introduction to Counseling

The first paragraph introduces the discipline of counseling as a specialized relationship that applies psychological theories and communication skills to address individual concerns. Counseling is depicted as a guide for individuals facing life decisions or problems, distinct from clinical psychiatry. It is allied with psychology and focuses on normal life events that may cause stress. The paragraph also outlines the contexts in which counseling operates, including family, peers, neighborhood, and culture, emphasizing the importance of understanding these environments to effectively aid clients.

05:00

🌟 Core Aspects of Counseling

The second paragraph delves into the core aspects of counseling, including the stages of the counseling process and the goals of empowering clients. It highlights the active role of clients and the impact of the counselor's personality and methods on the counseling outcome. The paragraph also discusses the importance of the counseling environment and the process factors that contribute to the effectiveness of counseling. Furthermore, it outlines the general goals of counseling, such as self-emancipation and self-awareness, and the ethical principles that guide counselors in their professional conduct.

Mindmap

Keywords

πŸ’‘Counseling

Counseling is defined as a professional relationship that involves the application of psychological theories and communication skills to address a client's individual concerns, problems, or aspirations. It is central to the video's theme as it outlines the process and purpose of counseling, emphasizing its role in guiding individuals during critical life stages where assessments or decisions are necessary. The script illustrates this through examples such as dealing with life transitions, managing loss, and facilitating positive change in student behavior.

πŸ’‘Psychological Theories

Psychological theories in the context of the video refer to established frameworks of understanding human behavior and mental processes that counselors use to inform their practice. These theories help in conceptualizing a client's issues and guiding the counseling process. The video suggests that counseling is allied with psychology, indicating the importance of these theories in understanding and responding to normal responses to life events that may cause stress.

πŸ’‘Communication Skills

Communication skills are essential tools for counselors to effectively engage with clients, understand their concerns, and provide appropriate support. The video highlights these skills as a recognized set that is suitable for addressing a client's individual needs within the counseling relationship. Effective communication allows for the exploration of problem areas, setting of goals, and maintaining change, which are all stages in the counseling process described in the script.

πŸ’‘Life Transitions

Life transitions are significant changes or events in an individual's life that may require counseling support. The video mentions areas of expertise such as marriage, family, youth, and student transitions, which are times when individuals might face challenges and seek guidance. These transitions are relevant to the video's theme as they exemplify situations where counseling can be beneficial in managing and navigating through life changes.

πŸ’‘Assessment and Appraisal

Assessment and appraisal in counseling involve gathering information about clients through psychological tests and non-psychometric devices. This process is crucial for understanding the client's situation and tailoring the counseling approach accordingly. The video emphasizes the importance of these tools in aiding the counseling process by providing insights into the client's psychological state and needs.

πŸ’‘Psychiatry

Psychiatry is distinguished from counseling in the video as a branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of mental illnesses using clinical interventions. It is important to clarify this distinction within the video's narrative to highlight the non-clinical nature of counseling, which focuses on normal life responses and does not involve medical treatments such as drugs or surgery.

πŸ’‘Context

Context in the video is described as the set of circumstances that form the setting of an event, statement, or idea, essential for full understanding and assessment. The script discusses various contexts relevant to counseling, such as family, peers, neighborhood, and culture, which all influence the client's situation and the counseling process. Understanding these contexts is vital for the counselor to appreciate the client's struggles and cultural conditioning.

πŸ’‘Client Empowerment

Client empowerment is a goal of counseling, aiming to develop the client's skills and abilities for self-management and improved motivation. The video describes empowerment as leading to a positive outlook towards past experiences, closure, and inner harmony. This concept is integral to the video's message, emphasizing the importance of clients taking an active role in their own development and well-being.

πŸ’‘Ethical Principles

Ethical principles for counselors, as outlined in the video, include respect for human dignity, partnership, autonomy, responsible caring, personal integrity, and social justice. These principles guide the conduct of counselors, ensuring they act with care, respect individual differences, and promote the well-being of clients. The video highlights these principles as the foundation of the counseling profession, reflecting the values that underpin the counseling relationship.

πŸ’‘Counseling Process

The counseling process, as detailed in the video, consists of six stages: developing trust, exploring problem areas, setting goals, empowering into action, maintaining change, and agreeing when to end the helping relationship. This structured approach is central to the video's content, providing a framework for understanding how counseling progresses and the stages a client may go through to achieve self-emancipation.

πŸ’‘Cultural Conditioning

Cultural conditioning refers to the influence of an individual's cultural background on their beliefs, values, and behaviors. The video emphasizes the importance of understanding a client's cultural context to better appreciate their struggles and personal characteristics. This concept is relevant to the video's theme as it highlights the need for counselors to be culturally aware and sensitive to the diverse experiences of their clients.

Highlights

Introduction to the discipline of counseling as a non-clinical intervention.

Counseling is a relationship based on psychological theories and communication skills tailored to individual concerns.

Counseling aids in life's crossroads, major decisions, and handling overwhelming problems.

Counseling is allied with psychology, focusing on normal life events that may cause stress.

Traditional societies often rely on family, friends, and the wise elderly for counseling.

Counselors operate in various areas of expertise such as marriage, family, youth, and student counseling.

Counseling in schools often involves individual or group interventions to foster positive behavioral changes.

Counseling utilizes appraisal and assessment through psychological tests and non-psychometric devices.

Differentiation between counseling and psychiatry, with the latter involving medical treatment of mental illnesses.

The concept of context in counseling, including family, peers, neighborhood, culture, and the counseling situation itself.

The family's role as the primary context influencing a person's development and socialization.

The influence of peers on personal issues and the importance of the neighborhood context.

Cultural context's impact on understanding a client's struggles and personal characteristics.

The counseling situation as a context with specific focus, procedures, and monitoring of progress.

Six stages of the counseling process: developing trust, exploring problems, setting goals, empowering action, maintaining change, and ending the relationship.

The goal of counseling is to empower clients towards self-emancipation and improved self-management.

Counseling's scope, emphasizing the professional relationship and the necessity of closure.

Principles of counseling including advice, reassurance, emotional release, and listening skills.

Core values of counseling such as respect for human dignity, partnership, and social justice.

Ethical principles for counselors, focusing on care, respect, confidentiality, and competence.

The video's content is based on the Department of Education's standards and 'Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences' by E.M. Sampa.

Transcripts

play00:01

hello and welcome to disciplines and

play00:03

ideas in the applied social sciences

play00:06

i am armin rose and i will be your guide

play00:09

as we go through the concepts of this

play00:11

course

play00:12

the first discipline we are going to

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study

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is counseling this

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is part two the discipline of counseling

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the discipline of counseling is a

play00:27

relationship characterized by the

play00:28

application of one or more

play00:30

psychological theories and recognized

play00:33

set of communication skills appropriate

play00:35

to a client's individual concerns

play00:37

problems or aspirations counseling is

play00:40

the process of guiding a person

play00:42

during a stage of life when assessments

play00:45

or decisions have to be made about

play00:47

himself

play00:47

or herself and his or her life course

play00:52

we need counseling when we are at the

play00:54

crossroads of our lives

play00:55

when we have to make a major decision or

play00:58

when we have a problem that is too much

play01:00

to

play01:00

handle on our own

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as a discipline counseling is allied

play01:07

with psychology

play01:08

and deals with normal responses to

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normal life events

play01:12

which may sometimes create stress for

play01:14

some people who

play01:15

in turn choose to ask for help and

play01:17

support

play01:18

counseling is a non-clinical

play01:20

intervention in traditional societies

play01:22

counseling is provided by family friends

play01:25

and the wise elderly

play01:29

counselors exist in a wide range of

play01:31

areas of expertise

play01:33

marriage family youth student

play01:36

and other life transitions dealing with

play01:38

managing of

play01:39

issues of loss and death retirement

play01:42

divorce

play01:43

parenting and bankruptcy counseling is

play01:46

widely considered the heart of the

play01:47

guidance services in schools

play01:49

in school counseling is usually done as

play01:52

individual

play01:53

or group intervention designed to

play01:55

facilitate positive change in student

play01:57

behavior

play01:58

feelings and attitudes

play02:03

counseling also utilizes appraisal and

play02:06

assessment to aid counseling

play02:08

by gathering information about clients

play02:10

through the use of psychological tests

play02:12

and non-psychometric devices

play02:15

counseling is not to be confused with

play02:17

psychiatry which is a branch of medicine

play02:19

that deals with the treatment of the

play02:21

mentally ill by medically trained

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professionals

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using clinical intervention including

play02:26

drugs

play02:27

surgical procedures and non-physical

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approaches

play02:33

context and the basic concepts of

play02:35

counseling

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context is a set of circumstances that

play02:39

form the setting of an event

play02:41

statement or idea and in terms of which

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it can be fully understood

play02:45

and assessed the primary context of

play02:48

counseling a client

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is the family other important contexts

play02:52

are

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peers neighborhood culture and the

play02:55

counseling situation itself

play02:58

let us look at each of them one by one

play03:03

the family as context the family is the

play03:07

primary context in which a person learns

play03:09

develops and socializes parents have

play03:12

much influence

play03:13

over their children critical issues

play03:16

involve family roles both

play03:18

positive and negative in most cases

play03:21

the family can help counter negative

play03:23

influences of the other context

play03:28

the peers as context the attitudes norms

play03:32

and behaviors of friends have a strong

play03:34

influence on adolescence

play03:36

many personal issues are often

play03:37

introduced to the individual

play03:39

by their peers

play03:44

the neighborhood as context the

play03:46

neighborhood is an important immediate

play03:48

context because the family and peers

play03:50

function within it the problems in a

play03:53

particular neighborhood may require

play03:55

families to work together to solve them

play03:58

a community network that collaborates in

play04:00

raising the children

play04:02

has an informal agreement of shared

play04:04

responsibility

play04:06

the neighborhood can both introduce

play04:08

additional strengths or challenges to

play04:12

counseling

play04:15

culture as context culture is the source

play04:19

of norms

play04:20

values symbols and language which

play04:22

provides the basis for the normal

play04:24

functioning of the individual

play04:26

understanding the cultural context of

play04:28

the client makes it easier for the

play04:30

counselor to appreciate the nature of

play04:31

their struggles as well as their

play04:33

cultural conditioning

play04:34

that informs on personal characteristics

play04:37

such as degree

play04:38

of openness to share personal

play04:39

experiences

play04:41

self-revealing making choices and

play04:44

personal determination for independence

play04:49

counseling as context the counseling

play04:52

situation is itself a context

play04:54

regardless of the therapeutic approach

play04:56

in use

play04:57

there is a deliberate specific focus a

play05:00

set of procedures

play05:01

rules expectations experiences

play05:04

and a way of monitoring progress and

play05:06

determining results

play05:08

factors under the counseling context are

play05:10

the client the counselor

play05:12

the setting and the process

play05:16

factors of the counseling context the

play05:19

client factor

play05:21

clients are not passive objects

play05:23

receiving treatment

play05:24

they should be considered an active

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participant the expectations and

play05:28

attitudes of the clients define the

play05:30

result of the counseling

play05:31

the success or failure depends on the

play05:33

client

play05:35

the counselor factor the counselor's

play05:38

personality

play05:39

skills and personal qualities can

play05:41

significantly impact the outcomes of the

play05:43

counseling relationship

play05:45

the choices of methods that the

play05:46

counselor uses also determine the

play05:48

positive or negative experience of the

play05:50

client

play05:55

contextual factors the environment and

play05:57

atmosphere

play05:58

where to conduct the sessions are also

play06:01

important

play06:02

ideally counseling should take place in

play06:04

a quiet

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warm and comfortable place away from any

play06:07

distraction

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process factors the process factors

play06:12

constitute the actual counseling

play06:14

undertaking

play06:15

volamine presents six stages which apply

play06:18

to all problem areas

play06:20

in the process of counseling

play06:23

the six stages of counseling process

play06:26

first is developing trust then exploring

play06:30

problem areas helping to set goals

play06:33

empowering into action helping to

play06:36

maintain

play06:37

change and finally agreeing when to end

play06:40

the helping relationship

play06:46

the goals of counseling counseling is

play06:50

aimed at empowering a client

play06:52

the general goal is to lead an

play06:54

individual or group to self-emancipation

play06:57

in relation to a felt problem

play06:59

self-emancipation

play07:01

at some stage of the process the client

play07:03

should attain

play07:04

insight and understanding of oneself

play07:07

achieve better self-awareness

play07:08

and look at oneself with increased

play07:10

self-acceptance and appreciation

play07:13

and be able to manage oneself positively

play07:17

empowerment client empowerment means

play07:20

that they develop skills

play07:22

and abilities that require

play07:23

self-management and improved motivation

play07:26

towards actions that are good for one's

play07:28

self

play07:28

and develop a positive outlook towards

play07:30

the past leading to some sense of

play07:32

closure

play07:33

and attainment of relative inner and

play07:35

outer harmony

play07:36

resulting to improvement in

play07:37

relationships with family

play07:39

friends colleagues and others

play07:46

the scope of counseling the scope of

play07:50

counseling is wide

play07:52

it involves application of some

play07:53

psychological theories and recognized

play07:55

communication skills

play07:57

it does not deal with clinical cases

play07:59

such as mental illnesses

play08:01

it is a professional relationship that

play08:03

requires an eventual closure

play08:04

and termination of the counseling

play08:07

counselor relationship

play08:11

principles of counseling advice

play08:15

reassurance release of emotional tension

play08:19

clarified thinking reorientation

play08:23

listening skills respect empathy and

play08:26

positive regard

play08:28

clarification confrontation and

play08:31

interpretation

play08:32

transference and counter transference

play08:38

core values of counseling respect for

play08:42

human dignity

play08:43

partnership autonomy responsible caring

play08:48

personal integrity and social justice

play08:55

the ethical principles for counselors

play08:58

counselors shall act with care and

play09:01

respect for individual and cultural

play09:03

differences and the diversity of human

play09:05

experience

play09:06

avoid doing harm in all their

play09:08

professional work

play09:10

respect the confidences with which they

play09:12

are entrusted

play09:13

promote the safety and well-being of

play09:15

individuals families and communities

play09:18

seek to increase the range of choices

play09:20

and opportunities

play09:21

for clients be honest and trustworthy in

play09:25

all their professional relationships

play09:28

practice within the scope of their

play09:29

competence and treat

play09:31

colleagues and other professionals with

play09:34

respect

play09:37

the ideas presented in this video are

play09:38

based on the content standard of the

play09:40

department of education

play09:42

and the book disciplines and ideas in

play09:44

the applied social sciences

play09:46

by e.m sampa published by rex publishing

play09:50

thank you for watching and see you in

play09:52

the next lesson

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Related Tags
Counseling BasicsSocial SciencesLife GuidancePsychological TheoriesCommunication SkillsClient-CenteredEmotional SupportCultural ContextCounselor EthicsSelf-EmpowermentApplied Psychology