This Is Why You're Poor
Summary
TLDRThis video script challenges the myth that poverty is a result of laziness or lack of motivation. It argues that poverty is a systemic issue, intrinsic to capitalism, which maintains a 'Reserve Army of Labor' to exploit workers. The script uses historical context and statistics to debunk the idea that hard work alone can overcome economic hardships, emphasizing that even in times of growth, inequality persists due to the nature of profit-driven employment. It calls for a reevaluation of societal structures that perpetuate poverty and inequality, rather than blaming individuals.
Takeaways
- π The video is sponsored by Nebula, a creator-owned streaming platform that supports the content creators of Second Thought and the D program.
- π The narrative that 'teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime' is critiqued, suggesting it oversimplifies the complex issue of poverty.
- πͺ The video challenges the myth that poverty is due to a lack of motivation or hard work, instead arguing that it's a systemic issue within capitalism.
- π It highlights how economic recessions can lead to increased poverty rates, affecting people regardless of their individual efforts or motivations.
- π The script points out the disparity between the wealth accumulation of the richest individuals during crises, such as the pandemic, and the hardships faced by the working class.
- π The concept of the 'Reserve Army of Labor' is introduced to explain how unemployment is used as a tool for maintaining capitalist bargaining power.
- π€ The video argues against the idea that full employment or welfare measures are detrimental to profits, stating they could actually benefit capitalists in the short term but are opposed due to long-term power dynamics.
- πΌ It discusses the exploitation inherent in capitalism, where the value of work is not necessarily tied to the effort put in by the worker but to how exploitable the worker is.
- ποΈ The working poor are highlighted, noting that many work multiple jobs yet still struggle financially due to low wages and rising costs of living.
- ποΈ The script touches on the history of the concept of laziness, linking it to the Protestant work ethic and its use in justifying exploitation and inequality.
- π The video concludes that poverty is artificially created and maintained under capitalism, and that the concept of laziness is used to justify and perpetuate this system.
Q & A
What is the main argument presented in the video script against the common belief that poverty is a result of individual laziness or lack of motivation?
-The main argument is that poverty is not a result of individual laziness or lack of motivation, but rather a systemic issue deeply rooted in the structure of capitalism, where consistent profit often necessitates a 'Reserve Army of Labor'βpeople kept unemployed to maintain capitalist bargaining power.
How does the script address the myth that the poor are poor because they deserve it?
-The script refutes this myth by presenting evidence that economic circumstances beyond individual control, such as recessions and the business cycle, can lead to poverty, and by highlighting the increase in wealth among the richest individuals during economic downturns, which is not a result of increased effort but rather their class position and luck.
What is the 'Reserve Army of Labor' and why does it exist according to the script?
-The 'Reserve Army of Labor' is a Marxist term referring to the pool of unemployed people kept out of work not because there is a lack of jobs, but to ensure that those who are employed remain fearful of losing their jobs, thus giving employers bargaining power.
How does the script explain the fluctuation in poverty rates during economic recessions?
-The script explains that during recessions, more people become poor as businesses lack the revenue to sustain labor costs, which is unrelated to the individual's effort or motivation, demonstrating that external economic factors, not personal attributes, drive these changes.
What evidence does the script provide to counter the idea that hard work always leads to wealth?
-The script cites the example of the world's 10 richest men who doubled their fortunes during the pandemic without necessarily working harder, attributing their wealth increase to their class position and luck, rather than effort.
How does the script discuss the impact of public services on the bargaining power of capitalists?
-The script suggests that capitalists oppose measures leading to full employment and welfare because they diminish the threat of unemployment, which is a tool to keep workers exploitable. Public services that improve life quality make it less likely for people to accept poor working conditions.
What is the script's stance on the idea that everyone can do anything with their circumstances?
-The script challenges this idea by arguing that even if everyone worked extremely hard, poverty would still exist due to the structural need for a 'Reserve Army of Labor' to maintain profit margins in a capitalist system.
How does the script relate the concept of laziness to the exploitation of workers?
-The script argues that the concept of laziness is used to justify self-exploitation and resentment towards others who appear to be idle. This distracts from the real issue of exploitation by the capitalist system, which maintains poverty as a means of control.
What historical context does the script provide for the association of laziness with moral failure?
-The script traces the concept back to the Reformation and the Protestant work ethic, which was used to justify chattel slavery by claiming that slaves needed to be forced to work to avoid idleness and moral corruption.
How does the script connect the idea of laziness to broader societal issues like race and class?
-The script explains that the idea of laziness has been historically tied to race and class, with the poor and black populations being stereotyped as lazy to justify their economic status and to rationalize opposition to welfare.
What is the conclusion of the script regarding the end of poverty under capitalism?
-The script concludes that there will be no end to poverty under capitalism because it is artificially created and maintained for the benefit of the system, regardless of how hard individuals may work.
Outlines
π Introduction and the Myth of Individual Responsibility
This paragraph introduces the video, highlighting a partnership with Nebula, a streaming platform. It challenges the common belief that poverty is a result of individual laziness or lack of motivation. The speaker argues that generational poverty is often attributed to a lack of effort, but this is a myth. The paragraph emphasizes that poverty is systemic and not merely a consequence of personal choices. It also critiques the idea that hard work alone can lift someone out of poverty, pointing out that economic conditions and systemic issues play a significant role.
π Economic Cycles and the Reserve Army of Labor
This paragraph delves into the economic cycles and the concept of the 'Reserve Army of Labor'. It explains how poverty and unemployment are not solely due to individual failures but are systemic issues inherent in capitalism. The speaker argues that during recessions, poverty rates increase, affecting many people who are not necessarily lazy or unmotivated. The paragraph also discusses how the wealthy can become wealthier during crises due to their class position and luck, not necessarily hard work. The speaker further explains that capitalists oppose measures that could reduce unemployment or improve welfare, as these would reduce their bargaining power over workers.
πΌ Exploitation and the Working Poor
This paragraph focuses on the working poor and the myth that hard work guarantees financial stability. The speaker points out that many people work multiple jobs or part-time positions, often involuntarily, and still struggle to make ends meet. The paragraph highlights the reality that wages have not kept pace with the rising costs of living, such as rent, utilities, and healthcare. The speaker argues that no amount of individual effort can overcome systemic economic issues, and that the belief in laziness as a moral failure distracts from addressing the real causes of poverty.
π Historical Context and the Creation of Laziness
This paragraph explores the historical roots of the idea of laziness, tracing it back to the Reformation and chattel slavery. The speaker discusses how the Protestant work ethic was used to justify exploitation, suggesting that hard work was a moral imperative. The paragraph also touches on how these ideas became intertwined with race and class, leading to the stereotype of the 'lazy black person' or 'lazy poor person'. The speaker argues that this stereotype is used to justify welfare cuts and to deflect attention from systemic issues that contribute to poverty.
π Conclusion and Call to Action
The final paragraph concludes the video by reiterating that poverty is a systemic issue, not a personal failing. The speaker emphasizes that under capitalism, poverty will always exist as it is a necessary byproduct of profit. The paragraph also includes a call to action, encouraging viewers to support the content creators by signing up for Nebula. The speaker highlights the importance of viewer support in maintaining the financial stability of the operation and the potential for creating more content, such as a highly produced Nebula Original Series.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Poverty
π‘Generational Poverty
π‘Motivation
π‘Reserve Army of Labor
π‘Recessions
π‘Wealth Inequality
π‘Working Poor
π‘Laziness
π‘Capitalism
π‘Public Services
π‘Welfare
Highlights
Poverty is a necessary byproduct of consistent profit, not a result of individual laziness or lack of motivation.
Generational poverty is often used as a motivator, but it is not a personal failure but a systemic issue.
The belief that the poor are lazy is a popular myth in American culture, used to justify inequality.
Economic circumstances, not individual effort, often determine wealth, as seen in the wealth accumulation during the pandemic.
Recessions demonstrate that poverty can affect many people at once, independent of their individual work ethic.
The Reserve Army of Labor concept explains how unemployment is used as a tool for capitalist bargaining power.
Capitalists oppose measures that could reduce unemployment or improve welfare, fearing loss of control over workers.
Even in economic growth periods, poverty and inequality persist due to the structural nature of capitalism.
The idea of laziness as a moral failure is used to justify exploitation and to divide workers.
The working poor often work multiple jobs and still struggle, showing that hard work does not guarantee financial stability.
Rising costs of living, such as rent and utilities, make it impossible for many to afford basic needs, regardless of their work ethic.
The belief in laziness distracts from the real issues of exploitation and the need for collective action.
The concept of laziness has historical roots in the justification of chattel slavery and the Protestant work ethic.
Racial and class stereotypes have been used to justify the idea that poverty is a result of laziness.
The myth of laziness is used to justify cutting welfare and maintaining an exploitative economic system.
The video suggests that there will be no end to poverty under capitalism, regardless of how hard individuals are convinced to work.
The video was made possible by Nebula, a creator-owned streaming platform, highlighting the importance of supporting independent creators.
Transcripts
this episode is brought to you by nebula
if you'd like to help support second
thought and the D program and first
thought consider signing up for nebula
at the link below
teach Amanda fish and you feed him for a
lifetime or give a man a fish then what
now he has your fish and you have a
story hardly you just gave him a fish no
one cares about that get a grip
so this
is about poverty poverty poverty poverty
generational poverty it is an incredible
motivator it's fantastic and this is a
great thing because it inspires
everybody gets the motivation to look up
to the one percent and say I want to
become one of those people I'm going to
fight hard to get up to the top I'm
either asleep or at work I don't take a
second off I don't take a minute off I
don't relax I don't rest I don't stop I
don't chill none
we've all heard stuff like this a
million times before if you're poor it's
your fault it's your bad mentality
you're lazy you're not motivated enough
nobody taught you how to fish I don't
like you I won't go to the dance with
you I'm the most popular kid in school
and you play Magic the Gathering at
lunch I've seen you at the tables
outside the cafeteria I know you play
alone JT and I didn't even think that
was possible
it's one of the most popular myths in
American culture that if the poor are
where they are in the socioeconomic
ladder it's because they deserve it
anybody can do anything with their
circumstances so the myth goes so if
you're born into poverty and you don't
manage to escape it that's a moral
failure you didn't work hard enough
here in the U.S a lot of people
genuinely believe that everybody gets
what they deserve most of the time and
that it's okay if some people deserve
basically nothing
and if you've ever seen one of those
motivational Instagram Pages you can see
this in action sometimes they'll post a
cartoon like this and all the comments
underneath are like those [Β __Β ]
deserve it make better choices work
harder stupid or this is why we need
population control and like it
cartoon
jeez why why are there so many genocide
comments
anyway
a bunch of people seem to believe that
the best we can do to solve poverty is
not to actually solve poverty you can't
poverty is a static part of reality that
just kind of exists no matter what the
best we can do is inspire people and if
people just don't feel inspired to work
harder well then they deserve whatever
they get and don't all those lies just
suck I get the appeal don't get me wrong
you work harder so you get to feel like
a big strong deserving bald man and
whatever happens to everyone else is
just not your fault you can mostly check
out from politics and from The Voice in
your head that feels bad when you see a
homeless person because whatever
that's their own problem but it's all
lies
poverty and the crushing inequality of
the 21st century is endemic not because
people don't work hard enough not
because people are lazy but because
poverty is a necessary byproduct of
consistent profit and that means that
individual poverty isn't a measure of
motivation
in the past I've made this argument with
a lot of Statistics stats about how
people are more or less locked into
whatever class they're born in because
of things outside their control but this
video will take a bit more of a static
Evergreen approach one that will remain
true even when the stats I use here
become 5 or 10 years old because the
truth about poverty is that even if no
one on Earth ever took a day off there
would still be poor people so long as
profit is what guides our employment
decisions
[Music]
it's actually really easy to prove this
that poverty doesn't come from a lack of
individual motivation or bad individual
decisions for starters because every
couple years poverty just happens to a
bunch of people at once randomly just
look here's two graphs of the number of
people in poverty and the poverty rate
over time those highlighted parts are
recessions as you can see and probably
expected when recessions hit more people
are poor and the poverty rate goes up in
tandem we already know that despite
being guaranteed to happen eventually
it's hard to predict exactly when a
recession will take place and
specifically what sectors are going to
be hit the hardest
next recession it could be that the
place you work suddenly doesn't have the
revenue to afford your labor anymore and
it'll have nothing to do with the effort
you put in
and then on the other end of the
spectrum you have how the pandemic
affected the wealthy the 10 richest men
in the world doubled their Fortune
during the pandemic making around
fifteen thousand dollars per second in a
little over a year and I can guarantee
they didn't work twice as hard in one
year as they had for all the years
before combined economic circumstances
out of their control made people more
exploitable and desperate governments
pumped money into their monopolies so
they wouldn't go under and they came out
a lot wealthier did they work hard to
get there some of them maybe others no
what ultimately made them wealthier was
their class position and luck not any
special effort
thank you
so right off the bat unless you believe
that once a recession hits suddenly
people lose all motivation that right
there is a solid number of poor people
who are poor through no fault of their
own their casual victims of the business
cycle a feature of capitalism that
doesn't exist in most other economic
systems and conversely being in a
favorable position before a crisis not
hard work allowed the 10 already richest
people in the world to pull themselves
even farther away from the rest of us
but that sudden bump to poverty and
inequality happens in periods of
economic decline to be clear stagnation
and regular Global Market crashes are
the norm of living under capitalism but
I get that if I built my case around
these circumstances alone this video
would feel incomplete but don't worry
quote unquote normal times where the
economy grows care just as little about
hard work that's because part of regular
boring old growth capitalism is what's
called The Reserve Army of Labor
if you haven't heard of it before it's a
Marxist term that refers to the amount
of people kept unemployed not because
there aren't jobs they could or would
want to do but because their existence
is a guarantee of capitalist bargaining
power said differently a significant
number of people are kept unemployed
purely so that those who are working
worry about losing their job to them one
day this group exists because it's
really useful for employers that you
don't want to be fired and to make that
threat more tangible capitalists oppose
measures that would get us closer to
Full Employment or would make being
unemployed more bearable whether that's
a job guarantee limits to the number of
hours of work you can do each week or
generally any sort of welfare that keeps
food on the table during unemployment
these things make the threat of being
fired less powerful and in complement
public services in Health Care
Transportation housing and education
make life cheaper and within reach of
everyone capitalists staunchly oppose
Public Services work reduction measures
and Welfare and that's despite studies
often showing that they could actually
help individual capitalist net profits
in the short run for example by
relieving them of Private health care
costs or making their workers happier
and more productive if they oppose these
measures then it's not because they
can't see the short-term profit bump but
because they challenge their long-term
Authority without unemployment and with
better Public Services people would be
less willing to take demeaning unsafe or
poorly paid and exploitative jobs
working people could demand higher wages
and while this could still work in
capitalist favor by increasing the
working classes buying power and
therefore simultaneously delivering
profits to the capitalists over time it
makes people less exploitable
and maybe eventually that could push
profits down towards zero without the
fear of unemployment and with good union
organizing workers can slowly claw back
a bigger and bigger cut of the value
they generate for the company which
leaves the guy whose only job is owning
it with less and less and that means
less relative profits which they don't
like they like when number is more
ultimately then while there are regular
dips in unemployment and poverty some
amount of it has to come back regularly
and be maintained artificially by
killing things that would make life
objectively better for most people it
would be objectively better for all of
us to eliminate unemployment entirely
and we could do it with simple measures
like a more equal share of work that
limits working hours each week
eliminating pointless jobs and putting
more investment towards automating the
jobs very few people want to do all of
which is easy enough if you're okay not
maximizing profit and you should be at
the end of the day profit only goes to
the tiny sliver of people who own
businesses the capitalist Society will
always statistically have a one percent
that's always going to be the case
but back to our main point if you think
unemployment only happens to lazy people
it makes very little sense why it would
have dramatic swings from year to year
or suddenly boom after a recession and
if you can see the benefit of poverty
for capitalist bargaining power you can
also see how even in a quote-unquote
ideal scenario when absolutely every
single person is fighting for a top spot
being a busy little worker bee and
absolutely crushing the grind set with
23-hour work days some unemployment
would continue to exist if for no other
reason then to be a tool for exploiting
the other grind Setters better and
ensuring that workers can't build
Collective power and you don't have to
think in these big structural terms to
see how this would naturally fall into
place under capitalism
when they're hiring your boss doesn't
care about unemployment and poverty they
would rather hire one person who does
the work of two than hire two people and
they'd rather hire someone who does
three people's work than that guy hard
work matters only when that one guy is
in charge of how many jobs there are and
we all need to satisfy him to earn a
salary take the one guy away and we
could just split the work up more or
less evenly and do a lot less of it the
point is lazy or not poverty will always
be there to uphold profit meaning the
goal post for laziness will constantly
shift and not in the more Humane
Direction
and so far we've only covered
unemployment a bunch of the rhetoric
I've been kind of responding to has been
mostly targeted at some imaginary lazy
person someone who doesn't have a job
and definitely exists and actually
there's a million of them and it's 100
their fault you pay more in taxes so you
should be very angry at them but what
about the Working Poor because this hard
work thing is [Β __Β ] for them too
in the US about 23 percent of workers
work in low-paying jobs roughly on par
with countries like Lithuania and Latvia
over 400 000 Americans work two
full-time jobs and nearly 8 million
Americans have two or more job positions
counting both full-time and part-time
that's a lot of hard workers and as you
might expect it's not really by choice
over 7 million Americans are working
part-time involuntarily working jobs
that guarantee no paid sick leave
benefits or vacation days in these
circumstances job security is not only
non-existent the hours are irregular and
the pay of course is terrible for people
working in these low-wage part-time
positions full-time employment is rare
or incompatible with their other
responsibilities like parenting and even
if secured it is just not enough to make
it to the end of the month because no
one making minimum wage on a full-time
basis can afford a one-bedroom apartment
anywhere in the US it is impossible rent
has more than double doubled in the past
two decades and over the same 20 years
the cost of fuel and utilities has gone
up by 115 percent in U.S cities health
care costs have gone up and regular
bouts of inflation keep pushing food
prices higher and higher like we've seen
these past two years
the point is no amount of individual
hard work and motivation will lower your
rent or your grocery bill or raise the
minimum wage your landlord can raise
rent arbitrarily grocery stores can up
their prices with a little press about
inflation and the wealthy can Lobby
governments and fund mass media
organizations so their pundits delay and
decry any increase to minimum wages you
can't outrun rent hikes by working
harder and here are the grind set types
will often tell people to just go work
somewhere else if they aren't happy but
not only is that incredibly difficult
think about what that actually means for
a second
[Music]
still want Baristas right having a nice
well-made coffee is a wonderful thing
most people think coffee shops should
exist but if everybody leaves where are
you gonna get your latte you're not we
need Baristas and cooks and farmers and
artists and most every service or retail
or manufacturing worker currently making
more or less minimum wage who works just
as hard as you do and can't get by not
only can those people not usually leave
their jobs we shouldn't want them to we
don't
this is essential labor but these
workers aren't getting paid enough to
reflect that because these are
Industries where it's easier to take
advantage of workers not Industries
where workers do something less valuable
we don't desperately need more people in
fintech because hard work has nothing to
do with how exploitable you are and
that's what ultimately decides how much
you make you can work as hard as you
want but if your job is especially
exploitative that will never be enough
to become wealthy and all of this boils
down to the fact that laziness isn't
real
exploitation is and the great thing
about laziness is that if you can get
people to feel really guilty about it
they will willingly exploit themselves
more and find it morally wrong when
someone else isn't being exploited
enough in other words instead of
thinking hey I do a lot of work I bet
the world would be fine if we all worked
a lot less let's figure out how to do
that the belief in laziness as a moral
failure takes that original correct
observation I work a lot and gets people
to think hey why isn't he working as
hard as I am here's what I think happens
that people who work hard start to feel
resentful because there's always that
person in the office who who is lazy and
and maybe get getting just as much money
how do we make sense of this in the
workplace where you are supposed to be
working
yeah I think that's such a good example
because really who's the real enemy
there right it's probably the employer
who's either putting too much on
someone's plate or not dividing up
duties fairly or not noticing there's a
problem uh and so this book talks all
about how we turn against each other
especially if we work really hard we
come to resent other people who maybe
are struggling and instead of asking
more questions of who needs help maybe I
shouldn't be working as hard as I am if
I'm feeling resentful and I even talk in
the book about how resentment is a sign
that you need to be slowing down
this made-up idea of laziness makes us
look at people being idle and judge them
even though they're doing something
perfectly normal and human something
that we ourselves want to and could do
more of with a little Collective
organization we come to see their
idleness at our expense and in turn this
judgment is used to justify imposing
more exploitation on them and on
ourselves
it would probably help if I ran very
quickly through the history of where
this idea comes from let's do that
laziness being idle in a morally corrupt
way starts with the reformation and
chattel slavery see one of the ways
chattel slavery was justified in the U.S
was through the idea of the Protestant
work ethic slaves were obviously
exploited and this made a lot of not
enslaved people uncomfortable but to
reassure them that it was okay a myth
was created that without being forced to
work slaves would otherwise be idle
slothful or ding ding ding lazy and
because in parallel Protestants had just
made up the idea that hard work and
accumulating a lot of wealth was proof
you'd go to heaven they felt good or at
least better that enslaved people would
be working so hard because it meant they
would go to heaven instead of being lazy
and going to hell
working hard had acquired the biggest
thumbs up the one on God's big old hand
there's nothing that God hates more than
sloth and that man were to sit around
and do [Β __Β ] all God will frown upon you
it's why you're never lucky if you're
listening to this and you think I'm
never lucky I'll tell you why because
God dislikes you because you're [Β __Β ]
lazy start to work start to show God the
beauty of his own Creations you'd be
amazed how lucky you'll become
to continue with the quick history
lesson these ideas pretty predictably
became tied up with Notions of race and
class because that's just what happens
in this country the poor and the black
were depicted as lazy while the wealthy
got painted as hard-working and
therefore deserving of their idleness
you can see this in cartoons like this
one from 1866 where a newly freed black
man is depicted as being idle quote at
the expense of the white man
this soon turned into the still relevant
myth that black people and working-class
whites are lazy which became Reagan's
very famous Welfare Queen slogan and
here we are today
being poor is a sign of being lazy
because if you're poor it must mean you
could be working harder and if you
aren't working harder then you're being
idle at the expense of the rest of us
and just like that you stumbled into a
way of justifying cutting people off
welfare when this whole economic system
is designed so that someone has to be on
it
I'm not just making this up by the way
if you read this book you'll find that
Americans do broadly think this way in
understanding why Americans oppose
welfare spending the author of this book
who conducted a bunch of studies when
writing it says quote the public is
strongly suspicious of the true need of
welfare recipients and white Americans
view blacks as lacking commitment to the
work ethic later on the author doubles
down saying quote the most important
race-based source of opposition to
welfare is the perception that lacks
economic problems stem from their own
lack of effort not structural racism not
capitalist necessity people oppose
welfare because of a racist myth and a
false idea
anyway there's a lot of math in this
book as well as media analysis it's a
good read not a fun read but you know
let's close out this video
poverty isn't a mindset
it's not something that just exists it's
something that is artificially created
and maintained laziness doesn't explain
it and as a concept laziness plays into
how we cast aside those who experience
poverty today bottom line there will be
no end to Poverty under capitalism no
matter how much we can convince people
to work harder assuming that's even
something we want to do given how burnt
out everyone is and because I couldn't
find room for it in this video if you're
wondering if this applies to countries
that aren't the US I'll end by
recommending my buddy hakeem's video he
debunks pretty convincingly the idea
that capitalism has lifted millions of
people out of poverty and it's a good
companion piece to what you just watched
if you want a sort of part two
anyway hope you enjoyed this video and
I'll see you next time
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