The Battle Of Megiddo - Ancient Egypt

Zakerias Rowland-Jones
25 Jun 201549:02

Summary

TLDRThe ancient Egyptian drama unfolds in 1458 BC, where young Pharaoh Tuthmosis III faces the rebel warlord of Cadesh in a pivotal battle that could determine the fate of Egypt. From pampered prince to warrior king, Tuthmosis leads his army through strategic maneuvers and intense warfare, transforming into Egypt's greatest warrior pharaoh. The chronicle of this epic struggle is inscribed in the Temple of Karak, showcasing the rise of a leader and the fall of a rebellion.

Takeaways

  • 🏰 The script narrates the historical account of Pharaoh Tuthmosis III's rise to power and his transformation from a pampered prince into Egypt's greatest warrior pharaoh.
  • πŸ›‘ Tuthmosis III faced a significant challenge early in his reign with the rebellion led by the Prince of Kadesh, who sought to exploit Egypt's vulnerability after the death of Queen Hatshepsut.
  • πŸ—‘ The young pharaoh had to quickly adapt to his new role, devising military strategies and leading an army that included both professional soldiers and conscripted peasants.
  • πŸ“œ The story of Tuthmosis III's battles is documented in the Temple of Karak, with inscriptions that provide a detailed chronicle of the war against the Syrians.
  • πŸ“ The scribe Jan is noted as the 'world's first war correspondent,' recording the deliberations and strategies of the pharaoh and his generals.
  • 🌍 The conflict took place in the context of Egypt's imperial ambitions and the struggle for supremacy with the Syrians, which had been ongoing for decades.
  • 🏹 The Egyptian army was a formidable force, composed of an elite core of professional soldiers, including Nubians known for their courage and combat skills.
  • πŸ”„ Tuthmosis III made a critical decision to invade Syria rather than wait for the rebels to invade Egypt, demonstrating his strategic acumen and willingness to take the offensive.
  • 🏜 The Battle of Megiddo was a pivotal moment in the script, where Tuthmosis III's forces faced the Syrian coalition, and despite initial success, the Egyptians' greed for loot complicated the victory.
  • πŸ€• The script also touches on the medical practices of the time, detailing how Egyptian surgeons treated battle injuries with the knowledge and resources available to them.
  • πŸ› Tuthmosis III's successful campaign against the Syrian revolt solidified his rule and expanded the Egyptian Empire, with his legacy enduring as a standard of military heroism for future pharaohs.

Q & A

  • What significant event took place in 1458 BC involving Egypt and a rebel warlord?

    -In 1458 BC, the rebel warlord challenged the might of Egypt, leading to a conflict where the fate of Egypt was at stake. This event is known as the Battle of Megiddo.

  • Who was the young pharaoh leading Egypt during the conflict with the rebel warlord?

    -The young pharaoh leading Egypt during this conflict was Thutmose III, who had never seen battle before and was known for being pampered and indulged.

  • What was the significance of the Temple of Karak in the context of the script?

    -The Temple of Karak is significant because it has inscriptions that chronicle the epic struggle of the war, which were carved over 3,500 years ago on the orders of Thutmose III himself.

  • What was the role of the scribe named Jan in the script?

    -Jan was a scribe who recorded the deliberations and strategies of the Egyptian generals and the Pharaoh. He is often referred to as the world's first war correspondent, and his writings are inscribed on the temple wall at Karak.

  • What was the situation in Egypt before the conflict with the rebel warlord?

    -Before the conflict, Egypt had been living in peace and prosperity for a generation, with its 3 million people primarily being farmers and fishermen living along the Nile River.

  • What was the strategic challenge faced by Thutmose III and his generals during the conflict?

    -Thutmose III and his generals faced the challenge of devising a strategy to defend Egypt's borders against a large and mutinous Syrian army led by the Prince of Cadesh, who had gathered at the city of Megiddo.

  • What was the significance of the Aruna Pass in the script?

    -The Aruna Pass was significant because it was the most direct but also the most dangerous route to Megiddo. Thutmose III decided to take this route, which led to a surprise attack on the Syrian forces.

  • What was the outcome of the Battle of Megiddo in 1458 BC?

    -The Battle of Megiddo resulted in a victory for Thutmose III and Egypt. The Syrian revolt was crushed, and the children of the Syrian warlords were taken as hostages to Egypt.

  • How did the Egyptian army's composition contribute to its strength in the script?

    -The Egyptian army's strength came from an elite core of professional soldiers, including Nubians from the south, who were admired for their courage, strength, and combat skills.

  • What was the role of the sacred Ibis in the script?

    -The sacred Ibis served as an omen of danger, signaling that Egypt's enemies were gathering and that the country was facing a potential threat.

  • What was the significance of the Battle of Megiddo in the broader context of Thutmose III's reign?

    -The Battle of Megiddo was significant as it marked the beginning of Thutmose III's transformation from a pampered prince into Egypt's greatest warrior pharaoh, setting a standard of military heroism for future pharaohs.

Outlines

00:00

🏰 The Rise of a Warrior Pharaoh

In 1458 BC, Egypt faced a monumental challenge as the rebel warlord, the Prince of Cadesh, threatened its civilization. The young Pharaoh, Tuthmosis III, was untested in battle but held the fate of Egypt in his hands. The story of this epic struggle was immortalized in the Temple of Karnak, detailing how a pampered prince transformed into Egypt's greatest warrior pharaoh. The narrative sets the stage for a tale of war, leadership, and the rise of an empire.

05:03

πŸ‘‘ The Inexperienced Pharaoh Faces a Syrian Revolt

Tuthmosis III, despite his royal lineage, was inexperienced in warfare due to being kept from power by his stepmother, Queen Hatshepsut. The death of the female pharaoh left Egypt vulnerable, and the Syrian warlord, the Prince of Cadesh, seized the opportunity to incite rebellion among the northern tribes. The young Pharaoh was now tasked with defending Egypt's borders and maintaining its imperial ambitions, facing a challenge of unprecedented scale.

10:18

🌾 The Mobilization of Egypt's Army

As Egypt prepared for war, the nation's peasants, including Akosi, were conscripted into the army. The Egyptian military, known for its elite core of professional soldiers and sophisticated strategies, was bolstered by the conscription of these young men. The army's logistical needs were immense, consuming vast quantities of grain and water. The narrative highlights the personal stories of these conscripts, who were now part of a formidable force preparing to face the Syrian rebels.

15:19

πŸ›‘οΈ The Egyptian Army's Preparation for Battle

The Egyptian army, under the command of Tuthmosis III, was equipped with the latest military technology, including ivory-tipped arrows and chariots. The army's officer class, composed of aristocrats and those who rose through the ranks, prepared the raw recruits for the impending conflict. The narrative focuses on the training and the transformation of these recruits into a fighting force capable of defending Egypt against the Syrian threat.

20:21

βš”οΈ The March to Megiddo and the Decision to Attack

The Egyptian army, led by Tuthmosis III, embarked on a grueling march towards Megiddo, the center of the Syrian revolt. The Pharaoh made a critical decision to invade Syria and confront the rebels directly, rather than waiting for an invasion. This bold move was recorded by the scribe Janen, who chronicled the Pharaoh's exploits and ensured his place in history. The decision marked a turning point in the conflict, setting the stage for a decisive battle.

25:22

πŸ”οΈ The Aruna Pass: A Dangerous Approach to Victory

To reach Megiddo, the Egyptian army had to choose between safer but longer routes or the dangerous Aruna Pass. Despite the risks of ambush, Tuthmosis III opted for the direct path, demonstrating his strategic boldness. The decision to take the Aruna Pass was met with skepticism from his generals, but the Pharaoh's resolve was unwavering. The narrative captures the tension and the high stakes of this critical moment in the campaign.

30:30

🏹 The Battle of Megiddo: Victory at a Cost

The Battle of Megiddo unfolded on May 15, 1458 BC, with Tuthmosis III leading his forces against the Syrian stronghold. The Egyptian army, anointed with sacred perfume for divine blessings, faced the Syrian forces in a decisive engagement. Despite initial success, the Egyptian soldiers' greed led to a looting spree, allowing the enemy to regroup. The narrative highlights the human elements of war, including the soldiers' motivations and the consequences of their actions.

35:36

πŸ€• The Aftermath of Battle: Medical Treatment and Siege

Following the Battle of Megiddo, the Egyptian surgeons treated the wounded using ancient medical techniques. The world's oldest medical textbook provided detailed treatments for battle injuries, but many soldiers still succumbed to infection. Tuthmosis III continued his campaign, laying siege to Megiddo for seven months until the Syrian revolt was finally quelled. The narrative explores the harsh realities of war and the lengths to which the Pharaoh went to secure his victory.

40:36

πŸ›οΈ Triumph and Legacy: The End of the Syrian Revolt

The Syrian revolt was ultimately crushed, and Tuthmosis III returned to Thebes in triumph. The children of the Syrian warlords were taken as hostages, ensuring the loyalty of their families. Over the next 20 years, Tuthmosis III continued his military campaigns, expanding the Egyptian empire. His legacy as Egypt's greatest warrior pharaoh was secured, and his exploits set a standard for future pharaohs. The narrative concludes with a reflection on the Pharaoh's enduring impact on Egyptian history.

Mindmap

Keywords

πŸ’‘Rebel Warlord

A rebel warlord is a leader who opposes an established government or authority, often commanding a group of armed followers. In the context of the video, the rebel warlord is the Prince of Cadesh, an Emited Syrian who incites revolt among the tribes of the North against Egyptian rule, embodying the primary antagonist and driving force behind the conflict.

πŸ’‘Pharaoh

A pharaoh is an ancient Egyptian ruler, considered a living god with absolute power over the land. In this video, the young Pharaoh Tuthmosis III is central to the narrative, as he is the one who must defend Egypt against the rebel warlord and his forces, demonstrating leadership and military prowess.

πŸ’‘Civilization

Civilization refers to an advanced stage of human social and cultural development marked by complex institutions, a high level of organization, and a distinct culture. The script mentions Egyptian civilization, which is at risk of crumbling if the rebel warlord is successful, highlighting the high stakes of the conflict and the importance of the pharaoh's role in preserving it.

πŸ’‘Temple of Karak

The Temple of Karak is an ancient Egyptian temple where the chronicle of the struggle between the pharaoh and the rebel warlord was inscribed. It serves as a historical record of the events depicted in the video, providing a tangible connection to the past and a testament to the pharaoh's transformation and achievements.

πŸ’‘Nile

The Nile is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa and is historically the lifeblood of the Egyptian civilization. The script describes the Egyptian people as living along the fertile banks of the Nile, emphasizing the river's importance for agriculture and the prosperity of the civilization.

πŸ’‘Conscript

A conscript is an individual who is compelled by law to perform state service, typically military service. The script mentions conscription as a means for Tuthmosis to bolster his army, with peasants like Akos being taken from their land to fight in the war, illustrating the impact of the conflict on ordinary citizens.

πŸ’‘Elite Core

The term 'elite core' refers to a select group of individuals who are highly skilled or trained, often forming the backbone of a military force. In the video, the Egyptian Army's elite core consists of professional soldiers, including Nubians, who are admired for their courage and combat skills, showcasing the diversity and strength of the army.

πŸ’‘Chariot

A chariot is a type of ancient vehicle used in warfare, typically drawn by horses and used for rapid movement and combat on the battlefield. The script describes chariots as a radical innovation, providing speed and surprise to the Egyptian Army, and symbolizing the military technology of the time.

πŸ’‘Battle of Megiddo

The Battle of Megiddo refers to a historical conflict that took place in 1458 BC between the forces of Pharaoh Tuthmosis III and the rebel warlord's coalition. The script details the lead-up to the battle, the strategic decisions made by Tuthmosis, and the outcome, which was a pivotal moment in the pharaoh's campaign to secure his rule.

πŸ’‘Siege

A siege is a military operation in which enemy forces surround a town or building, cutting off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling the surrender of the defenders. In the script, Tuthmosis lays siege to Megiddo for seven months, demonstrating his determination and strategic patience in securing victory.

πŸ’‘Empire

An empire is a group of nations or territories under the authority of a single ruler or government, often acquired through conquest. The script mentions that Tuthmosis expanded Egypt's rule across an empire, extending as far as the 'circuit of the sun,' highlighting his legacy as a great warrior pharaoh who transformed Egypt into a dominant power.

Highlights

The story of the ancient Egyptian conflict is chronicled in the Temple of carak, depicting the transformation of a pampered prince into a great warrior pharaoh.

Egypt's 3 million people lived in peace and prosperity, primarily as farmers and fishermen along the fertile Nile River banks.

The death of Queen Hatshepsut led to a power vacuum, prompting the prince of Kadesh to incite revolt among the northern tribes.

Tuthmosis III, a young and inexperienced pharaoh, faced the challenge of defending Egypt against a formidable Syrian coalition.

The Egyptian army, a sophisticated force with an elite core of professional soldiers, prepared to confront the Syrian rebellion.

Conscription of peasants like Akos into the army was a common practice in Egypt, now repurposed for military needs.

The Battle of Megiddo in 1458 BC marked a pivotal moment in Tuthmosis III's reign, showcasing his strategic decision-making.

Tuthmosis III's choice of the Aruna Pass, a dangerous but direct route, demonstrated his bold military strategy.

The Egyptian army's discipline and organization were key factors in their ability to withstand the harsh desert march to Megiddo.

The Battle of Megiddo saw Tuthmosis III's forces victorious, but their failure to capitalize on the initial success allowed the enemy to regroup.

Ancient Egyptian medical practices, as recorded in the world's oldest medical textbook, were employed to treat wounded soldiers.

The siege of Megiddo lasted for seven months, ultimately ending with the submission of the Syrian warlords.

Tuthmosis III's triumphant return to Thebes solidified his status as a powerful and capable ruler.

Over the next 20 years, Tuthmosis III expanded the Egyptian Empire through 17 additional military campaigns.

The Chronicle of Tuthmosis III's battles set a precedent for military heroism in Egyptian leadership.

The narrative of Tuthmosis III's reign provides insights into ancient Egyptian society, military strategy, and cultural beliefs about the afterlife.

Transcripts

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1458

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BC the rebel warlord challenges the

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might of

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Egypt the two greatest armies the

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ancient world has ever seen are ready to

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fight the fate of Egypt lies in the

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hands of its young pharaoh who has never

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before seen battle

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[Applause]

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if the Rebels win Egyptian civilization

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will

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crumble this is a true

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story The Chronicle of this epic

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struggle was carved into the stone walls

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of the Temple of carak over 3 and a half

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thousand years

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ago it records how a Pampered Prince was

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transformed by War and turned his

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kingdom into an

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Empire he became Egypt's Greatest

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Warrior pharaoh to mosis thei

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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for a

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generation Egypt's 3 million people have

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lived in peace and

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prosperity what most are farmers and

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fishermen living along the fertile banks

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of the River

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[Music]

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Nile akosi is a peasant farmer whose

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family worked this land together their

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life follows the changing

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[Music]

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seasons Egyptians marry

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young akmos his wife is just 16

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[Music]

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they expect that one day their children

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will take over from them and work the

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[Music]

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fields but ago's life is about to

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change the sacred Ibis are an omen of

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danger

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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200 miles away in the capital thieves

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Queen hat shepsut a female pharaoh is

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dead while the country Mourns Egypt's

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enemies are

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gathering the prince of cadesh an emited

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Syrian warlord is whipping up Revolt

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among the tribes of the nor

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North for decades they have struggled

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under the Yoke of Egypt and her Imperial

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Ambitions with 150 mutinous princes

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behind him cadesh plans to invade Egypt

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and crush the power of the

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Pharaohs Egypt is vulnerable

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what she needs now is a leader of

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unswerving courage and tested military

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[Music]

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skill but the new Pharaoh is T mosis

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III for 20 years this princeling has

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been kept from Power by his stepmother

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Queen hat sheep

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he has been pampered and indulged

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untroubled by the Affairs of

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[Music]

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state but now he is a king with a nation

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to

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[Music]

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lead to the Egyptians he's a living God

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his body a sacred object

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[Music]

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but to his enemies he's simply a young

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king with no experience of battle and a

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feeble hold on

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[Music]

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power t mosis comes from a long line of

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Warriors a century and a half ago the

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founders of his dynasty expelled the

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ancestors of the prince of cadesh from

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northern

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[Music]

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Egypt syrians and Egyptians have

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struggled for Supremacy ever

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since but none of Toth Moses's ancestors

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ever faced a military challenge as great

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as the one that confronts him now

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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3 and a half thousand years later this

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is modern Luxor and the ruins of tth

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Moses's Temple of

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carac in a narrow passageway on a wall

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few visitors will ever notice there's a

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long inscription in Egyptian hieroglyphs

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carved on the orders of Tuthmosis

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himself

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[Music]

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it tells the story of his war against

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the syrians which begins in the winter

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of 1458 BC

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just weeks after taking the throne tth

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mosis and his Entourage move from

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thieves to The Fortress of jaru 500 mil

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North jaru is on the Syrian border it's

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Egypt's largest Garrison and the gateway

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to the Middle East

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[Music]

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young T mosis locks himself away with

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his

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generals yuti and jamed are hardened

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soldiers skeptical of the young

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Pharaoh's ability to

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lead they have just a few weeks to

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devise a strategy to defend Egypt's

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borders recording every word of their

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deliberations is a fourth man not a

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soldier but a scribe

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named

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Jan he's been called the world's first

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war

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correspondent and it's his words in

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ancient Egyptian that are carved into

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the temple wall at carak

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[Music]

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the prince of Cades and his allies have

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gathered at the city of megiddo near

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present day

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[Music]

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Jerusalem megiddo is now the nerve

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center of the revolt

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[Music]

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cadesh has persuaded the northern

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Warlords to provide him with every

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fighting man they have under his command

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is the largest Syrian army ever

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assembled he's determined that this time

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Egypt will fall

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[Music]

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the intelligence is worse than T Moses

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expects far

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worse Mido is just 150 M from Egypt's

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borders and T mosis is heavily

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outnumbered

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we needs more

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[Music]

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men

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[Music]

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mm yeah think

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[Music]

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conscription is nothing new in

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[Music]

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Egypt for centuries peasants have been

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taken from the land to build canals

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temples and

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[Music]

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pyramids I didn't

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is destined for something

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different the army

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[Music]

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[Music]

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[Music]

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akos knows he may never see his wife and

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home

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again the eye of the ha god Horus is a

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magic charm that Wards off Danger

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[Music]

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every Egyptian is now touched by the

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threat to the

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[Music]

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kingdom akos is just one of thousands of

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young men hered North to possible death

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in the struggle against the syrians

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[Music]

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in February 1458 BC akos and his fellow

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conscripts reached the Fortress of jaru

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[Music]

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the Pharaoh is mastering every fighting

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man in the Kingdom to throw against the

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Syrian rebels who plan to invade

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Egypt AOS is a peasant farmer who has

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never left his village before he is now

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going to be made part of the most

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sophisticated Army the world has ever

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seen quarter Masters Mar special food

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weapons and clothing

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supplies every day an army of 10,000 men

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consumes 14 tons of grain and 95,000 L

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of

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[Music]

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water the wealth of Egypt pours into the

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war effort

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[Music]

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what makes the Egyptian Army so

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formidable is these

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men an elite core of professional

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soldiers Nubians from the south in what

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is today

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[Music]

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Sudan KN joined the Pharaoh's Army three

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years ago along with five men from his

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village his ambition is to rise through

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the ranks and and he is likely to

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succeed Nubians are admired by the

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Egyptians for their courage strength and

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skills in

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[Music]

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combat for men like KN the coming war is

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an opportunity there's booty to be had

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and glory to be

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[Music]

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won other Nubians have become generals

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and risen to the top of Egyptian

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[Music]

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Society the most akosi can hope for is

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to get back to his home alive

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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raw recruits must be made part of the

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military

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machine this is the job of Egypt's

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officer class

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[Music]

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yamune and yuti are two of the pharaoh's

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most trusted

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generals they come from very different

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backgrounds jouti is an

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aristocrat yamune Rose through the ranks

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officers will be equipped with the

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latest military

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technology Ivory tipped arrows bows made

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of imported Birch or Elm bound with glue

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made from fish

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bladders as well as the most radical

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innovation of

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all a chariot a lightweight war machine

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that brings speed and surprise to the

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battlefield

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the lower ranks will use more basic

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Weaponry axes knives and

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[Applause]

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Spears knock is putting the new recruits

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through their

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Paces wrestling is the Egyptians

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favorite sport and in the Army it's a

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useful test of manhood

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Applause]

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[Applause]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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akos has made the

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grade and the Pharaoh's Army is in

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fighting spirit

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Music]

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by April the prince of cadesh is

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preparing to move the coalition's 10,000

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men from iddo towards the Egyptian

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border

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T mosis the inexperienced leader has

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grown in

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confidence he won't wait for the syrians

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to

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invade he won't fight a defensive

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War he will invade Syria and crushed the

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rebels at megiddo

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the Army will March

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tomorrow this momentous decision is

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recorded by janen in his Chronicle

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inscribed on the walls of the Temple of

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carak

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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but to reach megiddo the Army faces a

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grueling March of 200 miles across the

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deserts of Sinai and Gaza

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[Music]

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janen The Scribe is part of the

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campaign he's here to record the

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pharaoh's exploits and guarantee Toth

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mosis a place in

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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history janen is not interested in the

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hardships of foot soldiers such as akos

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and kn

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but this thousand- year old Papyrus

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discovered in a tomb in Luxor tells us

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what life was like for the ordinary

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Soldier on campaign in Syria

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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at first the Army makes rapid

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progress in the first 10 days it covers

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150

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mil then the heat takes its

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toll the pace

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slows from 15 m a day to 5

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[Music]

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3 weeks later and the troops have

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crossed the Gaza Strip and the hills of

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Canan they're camped deep inside Syrian

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territory at yaham in present day

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Israel the soldiers are exhausted and

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their thoughts turn towards home

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akos like every Egyptian is terrified of

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dying outside his native

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land if he's buried in foreign soil

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without his family to tend his grave

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he'll have no chance of reaching the

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afterlife if he dies here his spirit

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will be cast into Oblivion and he'll

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face a second death

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and perhaps tth mosis despite his status

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as a God is troubled by the very same

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thought he's just 30 m from megiddo and

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the rebel Army and now he must make a

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decision the choice he makes will

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dictate his future and the fate of Egypt

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[Music]

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the young Pharaoh now faces the most

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important decision of his

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campaign Jan records the discussion with

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his

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generals for the first time in his

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account we hear T Moses's own words as

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he spoke them 3,500 years ago

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[Music]

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surprise is the key reach megiddo

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quickly catch the syrians unawares and

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they could crush the rebellion in a

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single strike

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[Music]

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from their camp at yakam there are three

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routs to

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megido through

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ynam North of Mount

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[Music]

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Carmel South through tanak approaching

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megiddo from the

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southeast these are the safest routes

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but also the

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longest there is a third approach

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the Aruna pass a narrow Gorge that

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snakes through the

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mountains it's the most direct and the

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most dangerous for hours on end the Army

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would be exposed to

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[Music]

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Ambush they'll take the Aruna

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pass the general think the young Pharaoh

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is

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wrong janen records their words

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[Music]

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[Music]

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and

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u n

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[Music]

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[Music]

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spee

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[Music]

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Y come on

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[Music]

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but has Tuthmosis signed the Army's

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death

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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warrant on the 14th of May T mosis leads

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his army into the Aruna pass

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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10,000 men must March in single file

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through the narrow Gorge utterly exposed

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[Applause]

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[Applause]

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for 12 hours they are open to attack

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from above

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left but the Syrian Ambush Never Comes

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cadesh has been

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outwitted he expected to Ambush the

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Egyptians on the southern route to

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megiddo now his troops are in the wrong

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place all he can do is scramble back to

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megiddo 6 hours later

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T mosis is within sight of the Syrian

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stronghold tomorrow for the first time

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Toth mosis will lead his men into

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battle here at carak is Jan's eyewitness

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account of the fin minutes before the

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Battle of

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megiddo it's the 15th of May 1458 BC

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[Music]

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[Music]

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[Music]

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to mosis anoints his peasant Soldiers

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with sacred perfume to bring down the

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God's blessings on them in

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battle the real test has come

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[Music]

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janen describes the Egyptian

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[Music]

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positions

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[Music]

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am Kesh too is

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[Music]

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ready Egyptians and syrians face each

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other at last

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[Music]

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[Music]

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kma

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[Applause]

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Anon

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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oh yeah

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[Applause]

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a

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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as Syrian bodies drop around him kesh's

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dreams of Conquest evaporate

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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all cadesh can do is save his own

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[Music]

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skin the Egyptians have Victory within

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their grasp

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but they let it slip through their

play36:30

fingers instead of attacking the city

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they loot the bodies of their syan

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enemies it's the common soldier's chance

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to enrich himself but it's a military

play36:45

disaster Jan's account condemns the foot

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soldiers for their

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greed as it

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n

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[Music]

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make

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where say

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[Music]

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the Egyptians measure their success by

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collecting severed

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hands but this is not yet a victory

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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has the greed of the foot soldiers been

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the Egyptians undoing

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[Music]

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the pharaoh's generals are in

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[Music]

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disgrace was their job to take

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Mido instead they stood by while their

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own soldiers

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[Music]

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plundered

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[Music]

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for ER

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T mosis will now have to starve the

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syrians into submission

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no one knows how many Egyptians fell at

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the Battle of

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megiddo the Egyptian Military documents

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keep quiet on the subject of their own

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casualties what we do know is how

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Egyptian surgeons treated the wounded

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this Papyrus is the world's oldest

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medical

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textbook it gives detailed descriptions

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of treatments for battle

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[Music]

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injuries raw meat with its natural blood

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clotting agents is used on Flesh Wounds

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burns are treated with a mixture of gum

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Ram's hair and the milk of a

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breastfeeding

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woman but despite the doctor's best

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efforts most of the Wounded in this

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field hospital will die from infection

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within days

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another ancient text sums up the fate of

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many Egyptian

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[Music]

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soldiers for

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[Music]

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for 7 months T mosis holds megido Under

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[Music]

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Siege finally in December 1458 BC a

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symbol of

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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surrender these are the children of the

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Syrian Warlords offered to T Moses in a

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gesture of

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[Music]

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submission the Syrian Revolt is

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over the children will be taken to Egypt

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as

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hostages and killed if their families

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Rebel

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again some are destined to become puppet

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rulers within T moses' new Egyptian

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Empire

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[Music]

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[Music]

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to mosis returns to his Capital thieves

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in Triumph

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[Music]

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no one doubts his strength now

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[Music]

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oh

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[Music]

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w

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[Music]

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is it

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[Music]

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head the final words of Jan's Chronicle

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are those of the defeated enemy The

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Prince of cadesh

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[Music]

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over the next 20 years the Pharaoh tth

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mosis III fought and won another 17

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campaigns

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[Applause]

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[Music]

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[Music]

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at the time of his death and

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mummification in 1425 BC he had imposed

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Egyptian rule across an Empire that

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extended he claimed as far as the

play47:49

Circuit of the

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sun Jan's eyewitness account of the

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battle of megiddo set a standard of

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military heroism for every pharaoh who

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followed as T mosis

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intended he is still remembered today as

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Egypt's Greatest Warrior pharaoh

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[Music]

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ancient Egyptians continues at the same

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time next Thursday details coming up for

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adults or children these highly

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Illustrated titles are available in the

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shops now to order call 8712 3434 or

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click onto channel4.com

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sshop V gram Norton is V close in fact

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it's next

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Related Tags
Ancient EgyptWar ChroniclesTuthmosis IIISyrian RebellionMilitary StrategyBattle of MegiddoHistorical DramaEmpire ExpansionWarrior PharaohEgyptian Civilization