[Pick 사이언스] 중국 독점 희토류 돌파! 한국이 개발한 새로운 영구자석!

Summary

The video script details the development of a revolutionary new material by South Korean researchers, a powerful magnet without the reliance on neodymium, which is predominantly produced in China. The research aims to overcome geopolitical supply issues and create a material that can withstand high temperatures and maintain magnetic properties. The team's innovative plasma process and nano powder technology have led to the creation of this advanced magnet, opening possibilities for the fourth industrial revolution and reducing dependency on China's neodymium resources.

Takeaways

• 🧲 The strongest magnet currently in research is the neodymium magnet, with nearly 98% of its production occurring in China.
• 🔬 A scientist is developing new materials to counter China's weaponization of resources, aiming to create a material-strengthened Korea.
• 🌐 A research institute in Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, is developing a new material that does not exist in the world, using nanoscale technology.
• 🔥 The development of a new magnet involves a plasma process that evaporates materials and cools them to create nano-sized powders, removing impurities and oxygen to preserve the material's properties.
• 💼 Dr. Cheol-jin Ju's team has developed a plasma process that not only manufactures magnetic powder but also opens the path for mass production.
• 🔍 To ensure the safety of the structure, a special electron microscope is used to observe the internal structure of the powder, which changes as the magnetic properties increase.
• 🏗️ The team has succeeded in creating a new structure of nano powder that exhibits a strong cubic structure, which is known for its excellent properties.
• 🚀 By compressing the nano powder and applying a special process, a new magnet with higher density and strength is created.
• 🔥 The new magnet is incredibly powerful, capable of damaging various electronic devices, and has a magnetic field strength of up to 1.5 Tesla.
• 🌟 Dr. Ju's team is researching how to minimize the use of neodymium in magnets and optimize the performance of motors, which is crucial for high-performance electric vehicles and wind turbines.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the research conducted in the laboratory in Changwon?

The main focus of the research conducted in the laboratory in Changwon is to develop a new type of material that does not exist in the world yet. They are particularly interested in creating a new type of magnet with strong magnetic properties.

What is the significance of the research on nanoscale materials in the development of new magnets?

The research on nanoscale materials is significant because it allows for the creation of magnets with enhanced magnetic properties. By manipulating materials at the nanoscale, researchers can achieve higher magnetic strength and potentially replace existing materials like neodymium (referred to as 'hiteolyu' in the script).

What is the process of creating nanoscale powders as described in the script?

The process involves using plasma energy to vaporize materials and then cooling them to create nanoscale powders. This method helps in removing impurities such as oxygen, which can affect the material's properties. The process also includes introducing argon gas to create a high-temperature plasma.

How does the plasma process contribute to the development of magnetic powders?

The plasma process is used to create nanoscale magnetic powders. This process allows for the development of magnetic powders with unique properties that can be used in various applications, potentially replacing neodymium magnets.

What is the significance of the research team's use of electron microscopy to study the internal structure of the magnetic powders?

Electron microscopy is crucial for studying the internal structure of the magnetic powders because it allows researchers to observe the nanostructure and assess the magnetic properties. As the magnetic strength increases, the structure changes in specific ways, which can be analyzed using electron microscopy.

What is the challenge in developing a new magnet that does not rely on neodymium?

The challenge lies in creating a magnet with the same or superior magnetic strength as neodymium without using it. This requires finding new materials and processes that can achieve the desired magnetic properties while being economically viable and environmentally friendly.

What is the potential impact of China's control over neodymium production on global industries?

China's control over neodymium production, which is nearly 98%, poses a risk to global industries that rely on neodymium magnets. If China were to weaponize its resources, it could disrupt the supply chain, affecting industries such as electric vehicles, wind power generation, and more.

How does the research team's approach to developing new magnets address the issue of resource monopolization by China?

The research team is developing new magnets that minimize or eliminate the use of neodymium. This approach aims to reduce dependence on China's neodymium supply and ensure that industries can continue to function without being affected by potential supply disruptions.

What is the significance of the research team's discovery of a new alloy structure with high magnetic properties?

The discovery of a new alloy structure with high magnetic properties is significant because it represents a breakthrough in material science. This new structure could potentially replace neodymium magnets in various applications, offering a more sustainable and less resource-dependent alternative.

How does the research team's approach to material development contribute to South Korea's goal of becoming a material powerhouse?

The research team's approach, which involves developing new materials with high magnetic properties, contributes to South Korea's goal by enhancing its technological capabilities and reducing dependence on imported materials. This can help South Korea establish itself as a leader in material science and technology.