Asal-usul dan Arti Bhinneka Tunggal Ika | Berkebinekaan Global

Summary

The script celebrates Indonesia's rich diversity of 1,340 ethnic groups, six official religions, and hundreds of beliefs, shaped by its 17,000 islands and historical foreign influences. It highlights unique cultural expressions like traditional houses, foods, clothing, music, and ceremonies, emphasizing the pride in Indonesia's diversity. The national motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika', meaning 'unity in diversity', is traced back to Majapahit era and officially adopted post-independence, symbolizing the nation's unity. The script encourages applying this principle in daily life to maintain social harmony and suggests its implementation in schools.

Takeaways

• 🌍 Indonesia is a diverse nation with around 1,340 ethnic groups, 6 official religions, and hundreds of beliefs, making it one of the world's most culturally rich countries.
• 🏝 The geographical separation of Indonesia's 17,000 islands by seas contributes to the development of unique cultures and ethnic groups in each region.
• 🌐 The cultural diversity in Indonesia has been influenced by foreign cultures brought by traders and colonizers from Arab, Gujarat, China, and India, who also spread religions.
• 🏡 Traditional houses like Rumah Gadang from West Sumatra and Joglo from Central Java are examples of the unique cultural heritage of each region.
• 🍲 Traditional foods such as kerak telur from Jakarta, ayam betutu from Bali, and gudeg from Yogyakarta carry historical and cultural significance.
• 👗 Traditional clothing like the kebaya from Java and Ulos from Sumatra are used during traditional ceremonies, rituals, and weddings.
• 🎶 Traditional musical instruments like the kolintang, angklung, and gamelan, and songs like Ayam Den Lapeh and Gundul-Gundul Pacul, reflect the values and philosophies of the communities.
• 🎉 Traditional ceremonies such as Ngaben in Bali and Sedekah Bumi in Java are believed to bring benefits to the community that performs them.
• 🔗 The national motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika', meaning 'unity in diversity', was first proposed by Mohammad Yamin during the BPUPKI I and officially adopted in 1951.
• 📜 The phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' originates from the 14th-century Kakawin Sutasoma, written in Old Javanese with Balinese script, symbolizing the unity of the Indonesian archipelago.
• 🦅 The Garuda Pancasila, designed by Sultan Hamid II, embodies the national emblem with the motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' inscribed on its talons, representing the strength of Indonesian unity.
• 📚 The motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' is not just a slogan but a principle to be applied in daily life, promoting harmony and understanding among different ethnic and religious groups.

Q & A

Why is Indonesia considered to be rich in cultural diversity?

Indonesia is considered to be rich in cultural diversity due to its vast number of ethnic groups, cultures, and religions. It is home to around 1,340 ethnic groups, six officially recognized religions, and hundreds of beliefs, influenced by its geographical spread across approximately 17,000 islands.

How does the geographical separation of Indonesia contribute to its cultural diversity?

The geographical separation of Indonesia into numerous islands by seas contributes to its cultural diversity by making it difficult for cultures and ethnic groups to spread and mix, leading to the development of unique cultures and ethnicities in each region or island.

What are some of the foreign influences that have shaped Indonesian culture and religion?

Indonesian culture and religion have been influenced by foreign cultures brought by colonizers and traders from Arab, Gujarat, China, and India, who not only affected the local culture but also spread their religions.

Can you provide examples of traditional houses that represent Indonesia's cultural diversity?

Examples of traditional houses that represent Indonesia's cultural diversity include the Rumah Gadang from West Sumatra and the Joglo from Central Java, which are often associated with ancestral values.

What are some traditional Indonesian foods that embody the country's cultural diversity?

Some traditional Indonesian foods that embody the country's cultural diversity are kerak telur from Jakarta, ayam betutu from Bali, and gudeg from Yogyakarta, each containing historical and cultural significance.

How do traditional Indonesian clothing items reflect the country's cultural diversity?

Traditional Indonesian clothing items such as the kebaya from Java and the Ulos from Sumatra reflect the country's cultural diversity as they are used during traditional ceremonies, customary rites, and weddings, showcasing the unique aesthetics of each region.

What are some examples of traditional musical instruments and songs from Indonesia?

Examples of traditional musical instruments from Indonesia include the kolintang, angklung, and gamelan. Traditional songs such as 'Ayam Den Lapeh' from West Sumatra and 'Gundul-Gundul Pacul' from Central Java often contain meanings, values, and life philosophies of the local communities.

What is the significance of the phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' in Indonesian culture?

The phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika', which translates to 'unity in diversity', is a national motto of Indonesia that promotes the idea of unity despite the vast cultural, ethnic, and religious diversity within the country.

When and where did the phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' first appear?

The phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' first appeared in the 14th-century work 'Kakawin Sutasoma' by Mpu Tantular, written in Old Javanese using Balinese script.

How is the phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' represented in the Indonesian national emblem?

The phrase 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' is inscribed on the banner held by the Garuda in the Indonesian national emblem, symbolizing the strength of unity and nationhood of the Indonesian people.

What are the additional symbolic meanings of the Garuda Pancasila in the Indonesian national emblem?

The Garuda Pancasila in the Indonesian national emblem has several symbolic meanings, including the Garuda's upright stance representing the spirit of development, its head facing right symbolizing goodness, its ability to fly high symbolizing high aspirations, strength, and sovereignty, and the golden color representing majesty.

How can the motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' be applied in daily life and schools?

The motto 'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' can be applied in daily life by befriending people from different ethnicities or religions, participating in each other's traditional ceremonies, and celebrating each other's religious holidays. In schools, it can be promoted through inclusive activities and education that respect and celebrate diversity.