How Kierkegaard's Philosophy Embraces Anxiety
Summary
TLDRThis video script explores the multifaceted nature of anxiety, discussing its prevalence and potential positive aspects. It challenges the common view of anxiety solely as a debilitating condition, suggesting that it can also be a catalyst for personal growth and societal change. Philosophers like Kierkegaard and Heidegger are cited to argue that embracing anxiety can lead to a deeper understanding of freedom and authenticity, while contemporary thinkers like Ε½iΕΎek and Badiou link it to the possibility of transformative social action. The script encourages viewers to reconsider their relationship with anxiety, positioning it not as an enemy to be defeated but as a force that can empower and enlighten.
Takeaways
- π Anxiety is pervasive and can manifest as a clinical disorder, affecting daily life significantly.
- π€ People cope with anxiety in various ways, including therapy, medication, meditation, and even hugging cows.
- π§ Some philosophers and psychoanalysts view anxiety not just negatively, but as a necessary step towards self-realization and societal change.
- π Kierkegaard's 'The Concept of Anxiety' argues that anxiety is a fundamental human experience that can facilitate action and understanding of our freedom.
- π The script discusses societal anxiety, suggesting it's a response to real-world issues like financial insecurity and safety concerns.
- π¬ Media and popular culture often reflect and explore themes of anxiety, as seen in movies and TV shows.
- π The script suggests that anxiety can be a response to the realization that our understanding of reality may be incomplete or incorrect.
- π Kierkegaard describes anxiety as the 'dizziness of freedom,' arising when one becomes aware of the vast possibilities of existence.
- π± Embracing anxiety can lead to a more authentic and free life, as it confronts us with the reality of our own subjectivity and freedom.
- π Heidegger and other philosophers see anxiety as a mood that precedes the emergence of an authentic self and the experience of true freedom.
- π Contemporary philosophers like Ε½iΕΎek and Badiou connect anxiety with the potential for social and political change, viewing it as a catalyst for new possibilities.
Q & A
What is the main theme discussed in the video script?
-The main theme of the video script is the concept of anxiety, its prevalence in society, and how various philosophers view it as a necessary step towards personal growth and societal change.
What are some of the coping mechanisms mentioned for dealing with anxiety?
-The script mentions several coping mechanisms for dealing with anxiety, including therapy, pharmaceuticals, meditation apps, religion, and even hugging cows.
How does the script describe the increase in anxiety among young people?
-The script refers to social scientist Jonathan Height's argument that young people are facing a significant increase in anxiety, with a 139% rise since 2010 for those aged 18 to 25 and a 103% rise for those aged 26 to 34.
What is the role of anxiety according to SΓΈren Kierkegaard's perspective presented in the script?
-According to SΓΈren Kierkegaard, as presented in the script, anxiety is a foundational human experience that helps us understand our relationship to the world and our own freedom. It can facilitate action and is a necessary step in becoming an authentic self.
What is the concept of 'objective anxiety' as discussed in the script?
-Objective anxiety, as discussed in the script, is a reflection of the sinfulness of the generation in the whole world, referring to how individual human activity can leave its trace on the world and lead to collective self-deception or a desire for control.
How does the script relate anxiety to political and social action?
-The script suggests that anxiety can be a precondition for political and social action, as it creates a space for new possibilities and the potential for change. It is a necessary experience that can lead to the affirmation of new ideas and societal structures.
What is the script's stance on the portrayal of anxiety in the media?
-The script notes that the media often portrays anxiety as an entirely negative mental state that should be avoided or cured. However, it argues that this perspective overlooks the potential positive aspects of anxiety as discussed by philosophers and psychoanalysts.
What is the connection between anxiety and existential freedom as per the script?
-The script suggests that anxiety can reveal the existential freedom at the heart of our existence. It is the dizziness of freedom that emerges when we become aware of the absolute abyss of freedom, which can either paralyze us or lead to a more authentic and free existence.
How does the script describe the experience of anxiety in relation to the concept of 'das Sein'?
-The script, referencing Martin Heidegger, describes anxiety as a fundamental mood of 'das Sein' (human existence or subjectivity). It is a subtle mood that relates to our existence in the world and can lead to a deeper understanding of our freedom and authenticity.
What is the script's view on the potential positive outcomes of experiencing anxiety?
-The script posits that experiencing anxiety can lead to personal growth and societal change. It can help individuals become more authentic, embrace their freedom, and potentially lead to the creation of new social and political structures.
How does the script suggest we should approach anxiety to make it more manageable?
-The script suggests that reframing our understanding of anxiety, acknowledging it as a necessary step towards personal growth and societal change, can make it more manageable. It encourages embracing the freedom that anxiety reveals rather than trying to avoid or suppress it.
Outlines
π Anxiety in the Modern World
The script opens with a discussion on the prevalence of anxiety among individuals, questioning the authenticity of friendships and the possibility of exclusion from group conversations. It touches on the various causes of stress and anxiety, from global issues like the presidential election and environmental concerns to personal struggles like providing for one's family. The speaker introduces the idea that anxiety can be a positive force, as suggested by philosophers and psychoanalysts, and mentions the rise in anxiety levels among young people, as documented by social scientist Jonathan Heights. The script also humorously suggests hugging cows as an unconventional remedy for anxiety, reflecting the desperate measures people take to cope with their fears.
π Philosophical Perspectives on Anxiety
This paragraph delves into the philosophical and psychoanalytic views on anxiety, focusing on the works of Kierkegaard and his book 'The Concept of Anxiety.' It discusses how anxiety is a fundamental human experience that can lead to a better understanding of our relationship with the world and ourselves. Kierkegaard's personal experiences with anxiety are highlighted, as well as his critique of idealist philosophers who attempt to use logic to fully comprehend the self and the world. The paragraph suggests that anxiety can be a catalyst for action and self-realization, rather than a paralyzing force.
π Embracing Freedom Through Anxiety
The script continues by exploring the concept of existential freedom and how anxiety can be a gateway to embracing this freedom. It uses the metaphor of dizziness to describe the feeling of anxiety when faced with the realization of one's own freedom. The discussion includes the idea that anxiety can lead to a more authentic existence by accepting the uncertainty and freedom inherent in life. It also touches on the works of Martin Heidegger, who viewed anxiety as a mood that allows the self to emerge and engage with the world in a more profound way.
π Anxiety and Social Change
The final paragraph connects the personal experience of anxiety with the potential for social and political change. It discusses how anxiety can lead to the creation of new possibilities and the rejection of oppressive systems, as well as the importance of acknowledging the fundamental freedom that underlies all aspects of life and society. The script cites contemporary philosophers like Slavoj Ε½iΕΎek and Alain Badiou, who see anxiety as a necessary precondition for envisioning and working towards a better world. The summary concludes with a reflection on the value of anxiety in prompting us to consider alternative ways of living and the potential for a more liberated future.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Anxiety
π‘Friendship
π‘Coping Mechanisms
π‘Clinical Disorder
π‘Philosophical Perspective
π‘Authenticity
π‘Freedom
π‘Existential
π‘Political and Social Action
π‘Paralysis
π‘Uncertainty
Highlights
Anxiety is a common concern, with people fearing that friends may not genuinely like them and could be talking behind their backs.
Anxiety levels are rising, especially among young people, with a 139% increase for those aged 18 to 25 since 2010.
Coping mechanisms for anxiety are diverse, ranging from therapy and medication to meditation apps and even hugging cows.
Some philosophers and psychoanalysts argue that anxiety can be positive and necessary for personal growth and societal change.
Anxiety can manifest as a clinical disorder, making daily life difficult for those affected.
Media reflects the national mood of anxiety, with characters like Larry David's from 'Curb Your Enthusiasm' and the character 'Anxiety' in 'Inside Out'.
Anxiety can be rooted in realistic concerns, such as the inability to retire due to lack of savings, or in less tangible fears like keeping family safe.
Anxiety can lead to positive action, such as living a greener life or political involvement, or to apathy and inaction.
Philosophers like Kierkegaard view anxiety as a foundational human experience necessary for understanding our relationship with the world and our freedom.
Kierkegaard's 'The Concept of Anxiety' critiques the idealist philosophers' approach to understanding the self and the world through logic and reason alone.
Anxiety can create a sense of incongruity and instability when our understanding of reality is contradicted by events.
Kierkegaard describes anxiety as the 'dizziness of freedom,' emerging when one becomes aware of the freedom at the heart of existence.
Heidegger expands on Kierkegaard's ideas, describing anxiety as a fundamental mood of Dasein, or human existence.
Anxiety can be a precursor to authenticity and freedom, as it reveals the contingency and uncertainty inherent in life.
Contemporary philosophers like Ε½iΕΎek and Badiou see anxiety as a necessary precondition for envisioning and creating new possibilities in society.
Anxiety can lead to the rejection of certainties and the embrace of freedom, allowing for the potential of new social and political systems.
The video concludes by suggesting that embracing anxiety can lead to a more authentic and free existence, despite the challenges it presents.
Transcripts
[Music]
guys I'm anxious and I'm not alone for
example do you guys ever think that some
of your friends are only still friends
with you because they've been friends
with you and they actually don't like
you and they probably have a group text
behind your back where they talk about
why they don't like you and then every
time you're with them you're just
thinking
like am I not in on it and they're in on
it and I don't actually have friends but
a lot of folks seem stressed whether
it's about the upcoming presidential
election the collapsing ecosystem or
simply just being able to provide for
their family's most basic needs we're
coping with this anxiety with everything
from therapy to Pharmaceuticals from
substances to meditation apps from
religion to hugging cows it's a real
thing uh it's not a metaphor or a
euphemism people are hugging cows to
cure anxiety now to be clear for some
people anxiety manifests as a clinical
disorder that can be so intense that
coping with the demands of daily life
can be difficult if not impossible and
for those of you who are dealing with
that goes without saying I've been there
I hope you're getting the help that you
need and we're all rooting for you but
we think that there's something being
missed in all of this while the
headlines paint all anxiety as an
objectively bad mental state that should
either be avoided entirely or swiftly
cured many philosophers and
psychoanalysts disagree some even argue
that not only can anxiety be positive
but that it's actually a necessary step
in the process of fully becoming
ourselves and a precondition for
changing the world so even if you're not
less anxious at the end of this video
you might still feel better about your
anxiety which which is something you
know it's it's it's not nothing now
while anxiety isn't new it feels like we
are legitimately living through an
anxiety crisis social scientist Jonathan
Heights recent bestseller the anxious
generation argues that young people are
facing a full-on collapse in mental
health with anxiety up 139% since 2010
for those aged 18 to 25 and 103% for
those aged AG 26 to 34 so basically if
you're watching this channel you
probably need to go hug a cow
immediately this National mood is
reflected in the media we consume from
my eighth dad Larry David's panicking
about everyday etiquette are you leaving
right now cuz I don't think we should
run into each other again yeah that
would be so awkward that would be
awkward so I'm not leaving just yet it
would be great if you can get out of
here to the Bear's episode long anxiety
attack shut the [Β __Β ] up shut the up let
me think for a second one of the best
films of 2022 featured a family
wrestling with existential anxiety why
why what wh what's all this for and
anxiety is actually going to debut as a
character and inside out too I'm anxiety
where can I put my stuff a new
emotion sorry we wanted to make such a
good first impression now some root
causes of this society-wide condition
can be born out by objective facts for
example the majority of Americans over
50 are anxious that they'll never be
able to retire and this makes sense cuz
about half of American households have
literally no retirement savings that
Bleak daydream about trying to do your
job at 83 isn't Fantastical it's
reasonable if I'm still doing this at
83 I don't know I hope I'd die on camera
that'd be sick other causes of anxiety
feel less rooted in reality like the 70%
of Americans who are anxious or
extremely anxious about keeping their
family safe even though FBI data
indicates America is about as safe as it
has ever Ben FBI data also indicated
some things about Martin Luther King Jr
that maybe weren't the best but who am I
to talk about objective history and to
be clear that's not to dismiss more
specific anxieties like students worried
about the astonishing rise in school
shootings but regardless of the
statistical validity of your anxiety
it's worth asking once that anxiety
exists what does it do for you well it's
complicated for example one study found
that climate anxiety can have one of two
effects depending on the person's coping
strategies it can cause some people to
take positive action whether that's
living Greener lives or getting involved
politically or it can cause e paralysis
essentially apathy and between you and
me if I'm being totally honest it feels
like lately a lot of us are veering
dangerously close to the second option
it seems like our current wave of social
and political anxiety is rendering us
increasingly apathetic unable to
conceive of the potential of really
doing something to make the world better
or at least different but some of the
most important names in philosophy have
actually argued the opposite namely that
anxiety far from rendering us prisoners
to our own minds can be the very thing
that facilitates our freedom and I'm
going to tell you all about that in just
a second but first I wanted to say thank
you to all of our patrons uh we just
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you there okay so we're not saying that
philosophically speaking anxiety is just
good in and of itself you know Thomas
aquinus wouldn't call you virtuous for
staying up all night tracking glacial
melt in Greenland but for many
philosophers including kard anxiety is a
foundational Human Experience one that's
necessary to properly understand our
relationship to the world and our own
freedom and rather than keeping us
paralyzed it can actually facilitate
Action Now ker guard's most focused
discussion on the topic is in a book
called the concept of anxiety and even
know a thing or two about the subject is
he was a notoriously anxious guy calling
off an engagement to a woman who was
reportedly way out of his League because
of his anxiety about not being a good
husband he spent the rest of his life
alone the book is a response to some of
the philosophical trends of his time
specifically the tendency of idealist
philosophers to use logic and objective
reason to fully comprehend both the self
and the world in other words they argued
that the same structures and Concepts
could understand the relation between
our minds and reality without any in
congruity or gaps or uncertainty kard
thought that this ultr logical approach
failed to help us understand actuality
I.E our actual experience of existence
because the messiness of life doesn't
often match up with the Philosopher's
ideal Vision he writes about this brand
of thought arguing that actuality is not
served thereby for a contingency which
is an essential part of the actual
cannot be admitted within the realm of
logic he's saying that when logic
doesn't have room for contingency I.E
the possibility of uncertainty it's not
able to help us understand our actual
lived experience it's like only being
told how to dress for LA weather that's
75Β° and sunny when in reality the
weather varies wildly throughout the
year no matter how well one logically
understands an ideal reality there's
always the possibility that things might
be otherwise but kker guard thought that
the logic magc Bros of 19th century
Copenhagen failed to understand this and
were thus in the ironic position of
thinking they could understand reality
in certain terms treating existence the
way we might treat a mathematical
equation or a logical proof he notes
that all of this certainty goes out the
window in an instant when something
happens that exceeds or contradicts our
supposedly totalized understanding of
reality these sorts of experiences can
just shake up our understanding in the
blink of an eye leaving us with a sense
of instability and anxiety now we see
this in films like The Truman Show where
our protagonist realizes that the world
he's lived in for his entire life and
taken as reality is actually a
construction on the radio on the way to
work starts like following me along
talking about everything that I'm doing
at this moment there is a seemingly
irreconcilable gap between his
understanding of reality and reality
itself why don't you let me fix you some
of this newo cocoa drink all natural
cocoa beans from the upper slopes of
Mount Nicaragua no artificial sweeteners
what the hell are you talking
about who you talking to which leads to
a feeling of in congruity and a whole
lot of anxiety on a smaller scale we
might feel this uh when we get fired
from a job that we thought we'd have for
life and I guess without benefits I'll
be able to hold my daughter as she you
know suffers from her asthma that I
won't be able to afford the medication
for or when a relationship that we let
Define our entire existence suddenly
ends in both cases we might feel like
we'll never never work or love again and
kard thinks that all of these
experiences can lead to anxiety he
writes that in the individual life
anxiety is the instant meaning that
these things happen in an instant right
creating a moment where everything seems
to change when this happens we break
with an innocent relation to the world
and find ourselves ungrounded and a
terrifying feeling of freedom and
possibility I mean think about it this
way right freedom is a thing that like
sounds cool and good but imagine and
you're a little kid and you wake up and
you look for your parents in the house M
mommy daddy and they're just not there
they're just not there you're totally
alone you're free you can do anything
does that feel good so what I'm saying
is if you have kids and you want to
teach them about existential Freedom get
up now leave the house go driving 3
hours 4 hours you know go out go out for
a nice dinner get dessert afterwards do
the thing where you get dinner at one
place and like you know let's get
dessert someplace else that'd be fun and
then come back and they'll be good
they'll be good to go because when we
realize the way things are is not
necessary we're suddenly aware of the
absolute abyss of Freedom at the heart
of our existence it's the existential
equivalent of looking down and realizing
that there's no ground beneath your feet
or looking up and realizing you live in
a giant Studio set now we experienced
this in our own lives in a variety of
ways you know it could be uh that we're
driving down the highway and we realize
that that we have the freedom to drive
into oncoming traffic at any moment as
does every other car you know we're all
just sort of trusting in the radical
freedom of everyone else you know all
those people we're trusting them for all
of our Lives it could be breaking with a
religious belief system that wants to
find our understanding of the world it
could be the experience of social and
political events that leave us
rethinking everything we once took for
granted now here's how kirkgard
describes it he writes that anxiety may
be compared with dizziness he whose eye
happens to look down into the yawning
Abyss becomes dizzy but what is the
reason for this it is just as much in
his own eye as in the abyss for suppose
he had not looked down hence anxiety is
the dizziness of Freedom which emerges
when the spirit wants to posit the
synthesis and freedom looks down into
its own possibility laying hold a
finiteness to support itself we feel
dizzy because we're suddenly aware of a
freedom at the heart of existence and we
can either Embrace this Freedom or grasp
onto the nearest object and tell
ourselves that we're still in control
now at this point you might be thinking
how is this good you know do do I want
to be staring into an infinite Abyss
wondering what real while being
confronted with the terrifying Freedom
you know wouldn't it be better to step
back order some pizza and fire up X-Men
[Music]
97 well the upside is that in this
moment of absolute anxiety we're made
aware of the reality of freedom and we
can accept that this freedom is a part
of existence and our own subjectivity
like Truman what first might feel
terrifying and disorienting can end up
creating a more real and free existence
life becomes scarier and more uncertain
but it also becomes more real and more
free describing the one who sinks into
this sort of Abyssal anxiety kir guard
writes he sank absolutely but then in
turn he emerged from the depth of the
Abyss lighter than all the Troublesome
and terrible things in life and this
isn't a one-time thing uh we have to
embrace the conditions of this anxiety
as a constant state which reminds us of
this unconstrained Abyss that serves as
the condition of our freedom to put it
in ker guard's language it's an
absolutely necessary step in becoming a
self and the first step in living a free
and authentic existence now this line of
thought continues with 20th century
German philosopher and as we got a note
a member of the Nazi party Martin haiger
he picked up on kir guard's work
describing anxiety as a fundamental mood
of dasign which is his word for human
existence or subjectivity now as
philosopher Simon kitley explains heiger
says that anxiety is is a rare and
subtle mood and in one place even
compares it with a feeling of calm or
peace it is an anxiety that the free
authentic self first comes into
existence and haiger is notoriously
difficult to read you should still try
it but for the sake of this video I'm
going to rely on some of these crit
quotes now for heiger anxiety isn't fear
which is often about a particular object
for example I'm afraid of spiders or I'm
afraid of the dark or I'm afraid of
dying at the exact same age as my dad
did rather anxiety describes a mood that
relates to our existence as kitley
writes anxiety is anxious about being in
the world as such anxiety is experienced
in the face of something completely
indefinite for example if we say we're
anxious about a first date we're more
just scared that it might not go well as
we know most of the possible outcomes
anxiety is more like the abyss that
kagar describes for heiger kitley
explains in anxiety the everyday World
slips away and my home becomes uncanny
and strange to me from being a player in
the game of life that I loved I become
an observer of a game that I no longer
see the point in playing now the sounds
a little Bleak but in the absence of
this deeper observation we're all just
like Truman in the first third of the
movie naively thinking that we are fully
consistent with the world around us and
that we understand both what is and
what's possible in the future anxiety
helps us see through this and through
that separation we're able to more
firmly become ourselves to quote crley
One Last Time anxiety is the first
experience of our freedom as a freedom
from things and other people it is a
freedom to begin to become myself
anxiety is perhaps the philosophical
mood par excellance is the experience of
Detachment from things and from others
where I can begin to think freely for
myself so for Karden heiger we can't
become an authentic self we can't
experience Freedom we can't be
philosophical if we don't first
experience anxiety but how does this
help us deal with the paralyzed feeling
we get when we're overwhelmed with
anxiety about all the very unchill
things currently happening in the world
I'm going to tell you in a second it's
going to fix everything but first of all
I wanted to remind you that we stream
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back to the other thing now ker guard
writes about something called objective
anxiety uh and this is what he calls the
reflection of the sinfulness of the
generation in the whole world to be
clear he's not saying that when you
touch yourself uh that's why hurricanes
happen rather than the sinfulness being
about you looking at dirty magazines
he's referring to the way in which
individual human activity can leave its
trace on the world when folks create
beliefs and structures to try to curb
this feeling for example anxiety can
lead some individuals and groups to want
to be their own Foundation Paving over
any Abyssal freedom in other words they
want full control and we see this in
nationalism racism and sexism in which
one group wants to make their existence
in way of life foundational they respond
to anxiety by building a wall around
themselves and deciding who counts and
who does not rather than embracing
Freedom they attempt to control it
rather than accepting anxiety they try
to ignore it to the point of collective
self-deception the opposite of this is a
collective affirmation of anxiety and
the acknowledgement that our social and
political systems are not necessary we
have to acknowledge that abyss of
freedom and rather than trying to
control it we need to accept it as a
precondition for all individual and
Collective life now the connection
between anxiety and political and social
action has been picked up by
contemporary philosophers like slavo xek
and Alon bju xek is written that the
negativity of anxiety and the Death
Drive has to be posited as prior to the
affirmative enthusiasm for the event as
its condition of possibility this means
that the experience of anxiety is
necessary as a precondition positively
affirm that something new is possible
without the space created by anxiety
there isn't room for something new to
emerge for beju anxiety is one of the
aects of Truth meaning one of the
feelings that accompanies the experience
of believing in something new and true
this means that as we're faced with the
potential for new situation we're
anxious at the risk of failure he writes
the human animal fears the choice
between two hypotheses that come with no
guarantee this lack of certainty is
anxiety inducing but it's also what
makes alternative modes of living
possible this all means that anxiety
while not always a pleasant emotional or
psychic state affirms that underneath
all the seeming certainties of life and
Society there is a fundamental freedom
and while this Freedom can complicate
the certainties that we might cling to
it can also show us how systems we think
of as certain are grounded or ungrounded
in that same Freedom so when we're
anxious about the future we can remember
that paradox Ally anxiety reminds us
that the future we're anxious about
isn't our only option I hope that makes
everyone feel better um please let us
know what you think uh is there an
unexpected value in having a thought
spiral about how how you don't really
have any friends uh can reframing the
way that we think about anxiety make it
more manageable maybe even emancipatory
I want to know what you think in the
comments a huge thanks again to all our
patrons thanks for helping us get above
a thousand let's let's do 2,000 why not
thanks to all of you for hanging out
watching the videos liking commenting
subscribing sharing them with your
friends and family it all means a lot to
us truly it really does so thank you so
much for that and in the meantime
remember that freedom is is good and you
know better to have freedom and anxiety
than to have no anxiety and no Freedom
right that's a pretty good deal you
think about that and I'll see you next
time
he
[Music]
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