losses in transformer in hindi | transformer losses | types of losses in transformer | animation

Mind of Engineer

24 Apr 202206:46

Summary

TLDRThe video script delves into the world of transformer losses, explaining the types of losses in detail, including core losses, copper losses, and dielectric losses. It discusses how alternating magnetic fields cause these losses, the role of magnetic materials, and how internal molecular friction leads to energy dissipation. The script also touches on methods to reduce these losses, such as using silicon steel to decrease hysteresis loss and increasing the thickness of the transformer's laminations. The importance of frequency, the value of flux density, and the impact of temperature on transformer efficiency are also highlighted.

Takeaways

🔧 Understanding the process of transformers: types and losses involved.
🔌 Iron losses occur due to alternating flux and are constant regardless of load.
🔄 Iron losses are divided into hysteresis loss and eddy current loss.
🌟 Magnetic materials have internal dipoles that align with alternating magnetic fields, causing heat and inefficiency.
🔥 Hysteresis loss is directly proportional to the frequency of the alternating current.
💡 Eddy current loss is caused by circulating currents induced by alternating flux, resulting in energy loss.
🔩 To reduce hysteresis loss, transformer cores are made of silicon steel material to increase permeability.
📏 Reducing eddy current loss involves using thin laminated sheets for the core to minimize circulating currents.
🔋 Copper losses occur in transformer windings due to resistance and are denoted by PCu.
🌡 Dielectric loss occurs in the insulating materials like transformer oil, impacting the overall efficiency.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video script?
-The main topic of the video script is the explanation of different types of losses in transformers, including core losses and copper losses, and how they are influenced by various factors.
What are the two main types of losses discussed in the script?
-The two main types of losses discussed in the script are core losses and copper losses.
What is the cause of core loss in transformers?
-Core loss in transformers is caused by the alternating magnetic field which induces eddy currents and hysteresis losses in the magnetic material of the transformer core.
What is the role of frequency in core loss?
-The frequency of the alternating magnetic field directly affects the core loss, as higher frequencies result in more cycles of magnetization and demagnetization, thus increasing the core loss.
What is hysteresis loss and how is it related to transformer operation?
-Hysteresis loss is the energy loss that occurs when the magnetic material of the transformer core is magnetized and demagnetized repeatedly due to the alternating magnetic field, causing the internal molecular structure to change positions.
What is eddy current loss and how does it occur in transformers?
-Eddy current loss is the energy loss due to the circulation of induced currents within the transformer core, which are generated by the changing magnetic field and result in heat production without performing useful work.
How is copper loss related to the transformer winding?
-Copper loss, also known as I²R loss, occurs in the transformer winding due to the resistance of the copper material against the flow of current, which generates heat and reduces the efficiency of the transformer.
What is the significance of the transformer's core material in reducing losses?
-The core material of the transformer, often made of silicon steel, is used to reduce hysteresis loss by increasing the permeability and reducing the eddy current paths, thus improving the transformer's efficiency.
What is the effect of temperature on transformer losses?
-An increase in temperature within the transformer core can lead to higher losses, as heat generated by eddy currents and hysteresis can reduce the material's magnetic properties and increase resistive losses.
What are the methods used to reduce hysteresis loss in transformers?
-Methods to reduce hysteresis loss include using silicon steel with high permeability and low hysteresis, lamination to reduce eddy current paths, and sometimes using special coatings or structures to minimize magnetic flux variations.
How do the script's explanations of transformer losses contribute to understanding transformer efficiency?
-The script's explanations of transformer losses provide insights into the factors affecting transformer efficiency, such as core and copper losses, and how these losses can be minimized through material selection and design improvements.

Outlines

00:00

🔧 Transformer Core and Loss Types Overview

This paragraph discusses the concept of a transformer's core and the types of losses associated with it. It explains the role of alternating magnetic fields and how the internal molecular structure of magnetic materials changes due to these fields, resulting in hysteresis loss. The paragraph also touches upon eddy current loss and how it is influenced by the design of the transformer, including the use of different materials and their properties to reduce these losses.

05:01

🔌 Electrical and Copper Losses in Transformers

The second paragraph delves into the specifics of electrical and copper losses in transformers. It mentions the impact of the transformer's winding and the materials used, such as copper alloys, on the overall efficiency. The paragraph also covers the importance of insulation material and how dielectric losses occur. It suggests that understanding these losses is crucial for improving transformer performance and efficiency.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Transformer

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction. In the context of the video, it refers to the device that is the focus of the discussion, involving different types of losses it experiences during operation.

💡Losses

Losses in the script refer to the inefficiencies or energy that is not used for useful work in a transformer. The video discusses various types of losses, such as core losses and copper losses, which are crucial for understanding the operation and efficiency of transformers.

💡Core Loss

Core loss is the energy wasted in the form of heat in the core of a transformer due to hysteresis and eddy currents. The script explains that this occurs when magnetic material is subjected to an alternating magnetic field, causing the internal molecular structure to realign and produce heat.

💡Hysteresis

Hysteresis is a phenomenon where the magnetization of a material lags behind the magnetizing field. In the video, it is mentioned as a cause of core loss, where the internal molecular structure of the magnetic material changes randomly, leading to energy loss.

💡Eddy Currents

Eddy currents are circulating electric currents induced within conductive materials by a changing magnetic field. The script describes these as another cause of core loss, where they generate heat due to the resistance of the material.

💡Copper Loss

Copper loss, also known as I2R loss, occurs due to the resistance of the copper windings in a transformer. The script mentions this as a type of loss that is proportional to the square of the current and the resistance of the conductor.

💡Frequency

Frequency in the script refers to the number of cycles per second of the alternating magnetic field applied to the transformer. It is directly proportional to the losses in the transformer, as higher frequencies result in greater losses.

💡Silicon Steel

Silicon steel is a type of steel alloy used in the core of transformers to reduce core losses. The script explains that using silicon steel increases the permeability and reduces the hysteresis loss in the transformer core.

💡Lamination

Lamination refers to the layered structure of the transformer core, which helps to reduce eddy currents and thus the associated losses. The script mentions that increasing the number of laminations can reduce eddy current losses.

💡Copper Loss Equation

The copper loss equation is a formula used to calculate the energy loss in the copper windings of a transformer. The script uses this equation to illustrate the relationship between the loss, current density, and the thickness of the laminations.

💡Dielectric Loss

Dielectric loss is the energy loss that occurs in the insulating material of a transformer due to the dielectric properties of the material. The script mentions this as a type of loss that can be affected by the temperature of the transformer's gates.

Highlights

Transformers have different types of losses which affect their efficiency.

The concept of 'relaxation' in transformers is due to the alternating flux not depending on the clock or standstill.

Iron loss occurs in two types: research and study current loss and stress loss.

Magnetic flux variation causes internal molecular friction in magnetic materials, leading to loss.

Heat generated in the core of such machines does not produce useful work, reducing machine efficiency.

The frequency of the alternating magnetic field is directly proportional to the hysteresis loss.

To reduce hysteresis loss, transformer cores are made from silicon steel material.

Permeability of the core increases with the increase in silicon content, reducing hysteresis.

Lamination in the transformer reduces eddy current losses.

High silicon content in the lamination reduces the thickness, further reducing losses.

Copper loss in transformers occurs due to the resistance of the windings and is proportional to the square of the current.

Stray loss in transformers is due to the presence of written fields and varies with temperature.

Different methods are used to reduce losses, such as using high-quality insulating materials.

The equation of the depressed class speakers equates to the chief security.

Transformer gates being heated affects the sense of different losses.

Hysteresis plays a different role in directing the various types of losses in transformers.

For a more detailed understanding of these topics, additional videos have been uploaded for further clarity.

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