Video Pembelajaran LEMBAGA SOSIAL Materi IPS Kelas 7

Summary

In this lesson on social institutions, students explore the concept of social interaction and its importance in fulfilling human needs. The instructor explains the role of social norms, categorizing them into four levels: customs, habits, ethics, and traditions. The lesson then dives into the five primary social institutions: family, religion, economy, education, and politics, highlighting their functions, including reproduction, protection, socialization, and the regulation of social behavior. The session concludes by emphasizing the significance of these institutions in maintaining societal order and guiding individuals' roles within the community.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social interaction is a reciprocal relationship between humans to meet their needs, and humans are known as economic beings.
• 😀 Social norms are rules that guide behavior in society, indicating what is right or wrong.
• 😀 Social institutions are systems of norms related to basic societal needs and must have three key elements: acceptance, influence, and sanctions.
• 😀 The four levels of norms in society are: customs, folkways, mores, and customs (adat-istiadat), each with varying degrees of enforcement and societal consequences.
• 😀 The 'usage' (cara) refers to occasional behaviors that do not incur severe consequences, such as being scolded for inappropriate actions.
• 😀 'Folkways' refers to habitual behaviors that occur regularly in society, like showing respect to elders, with social sanctions for violations.
• 😀 'Mores' are essential societal rules that are seen as critical for societal functioning, and breaking these can result in legal sanctions, like fines for traffic violations.
• 😀 'Customs' (adat-istiadat) are long-standing traditions that are passed down through generations, with serious consequences such as exclusion from society for violations.
• 😀 Social institutions have five primary types: family, religion, economy, education, and politics, each contributing to societal order and stability.
• 😀 The family as a social institution fulfills multiple functions, including reproduction, protection, economic support, socialization, affection, and status provision.
• 😀 Religion provides a moral framework, guides human behavior, and establishes the relationship between humans and the divine.
• 😀 The economy is concerned with regulating human interactions in fulfilling basic needs like food, exchange of goods, and employment conditions.
• 😀 Education serves to prepare individuals for work, instill social roles and responsibilities, develop critical thinking, and maintain societal norms.
• 😀 Politics regulates governance and aims to maintain internal order, ensuring the well-being of citizens through welfare distribution, such as food, housing, education, and healthcare.

Q & A

What is social interaction and why is it important?

Social interaction refers to the reciprocal relationships between individuals to fulfill their basic needs. It is essential because humans are considered economic beings who need interactions to satisfy basic requirements like family, education, and food.

What are social norms and why are they significant?

Social norms are rules or guidelines that govern behavior in society. They are significant because they help individuals understand what is considered right or wrong in a community, promoting order and stability.

What are the three key characteristics of social norms?

Social norms must be widely accepted by the community, deeply ingrained within the social system, and they must have sanctions that bind members of society.

What are the four levels of norms in society?

The four levels of norms are: 'usage' (casual behaviors with light penalties), 'folkways' (repeated behaviors with mild sanctions), 'mores' (social rules enforced by laws or regulations), and 'customs' (longstanding traditions with serious consequences for violations).

What role does a family play in society according to the script?

The family is the smallest social unit, and it has various functions, including reproduction, protection, economic support, socialization, affection, surveillance, and providing social status.

What is the function of religious institutions in society?

Religious institutions serve as guidelines for human behavior, provide a sense of truth, regulate relationships between people and God, and act as a moral compass for what is considered right or wrong.

How does the economy function as a social institution?

The economy regulates human relationships in terms of fulfilling daily needs, offering guidance on acquiring food, managing trade, setting prices, and organizing labor and its compensation.

What are the primary roles of education as a social institution?

Education prepares individuals for employment, teaches social roles and responsibilities, ensures a trained workforce, and instills values and norms within society.

What is the function of political institutions according to the script?

Political institutions maintain order within the country and work to ensure the general welfare of society by facilitating the provision of essential needs like food, shelter, education, and healthcare.

What are the key differences between the 'mores' and 'customs' in societal norms?

Mores are norms that are deeply ingrained in society and often enforced through laws (like traffic laws), while customs are traditions that have been passed down through generations, and violations can lead to social exclusion.