Factors Affecting Climate | Grade 9 Science DepEd MELC Quarter 3 Module 4

Summary

This video explains the key differences between weather and climate, highlighting how weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, while climate is the long-term average of these conditions over many years. It covers factors affecting climate, such as latitude, altitude, topography, proximity to oceans, and ocean currents. The script delves into how these elements influence temperature, precipitation, and seasonal changes, with examples like Mount Kilimanjaro and Glasgow. It also discusses how different regions experience varying climates due to these factors, preparing viewers for a deeper dive into global phenomena like climate change and the greenhouse effect in future videos.

Takeaways

• 😀 Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, like temperature, thunderstorms, or snowstorms.
• 🌍 Climate is the long-term average of weather conditions in a region, typically measured over many years.
• 🌞 Latitude plays a significant role in climate, with regions near the equator being warmer and those near the poles being colder.
• 🏔️ Altitude affects climate as higher elevations generally have cooler temperatures. For example, Mount Kilimanjaro has snow on its peak despite being near the equator.
• ⛰️ Topography impacts precipitation, where mountains block winds and cause rain on the windward side and dry conditions on the leeward side (rain shadow effect).
• 🌊 Coastal areas experience milder temperature changes due to their proximity to oceans or large bodies of water.
• 🏝️ Landlocked areas tend to have drier climates with more extreme temperature fluctuations between seasons.
• 🌬️ Ocean currents influence climate by transporting warm or cold water across regions, affecting coastal temperatures. For example, warm currents raise temperatures, while cold currents lower them.
• 🌡️ The Philippines has a tropical and maritime climate, characterized by high temperatures, humidity, and abundant rainfall.
• 🌧️ The climate in the Philippines has two main seasons: the rainy season (June-November) and the dry season (December-May), with further subdivision into cold and hot dry seasons.
• 🌐 The upcoming video will explore global climatic phenomena such as the greenhouse effect, climate change, and global warming.

Q & A

What factors influence the clothes we choose to wear on a daily basis?

The clothes we wear are primarily influenced by the weather, which is determined by various atmospheric conditions such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation.

How does weather differ from climate?

Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, like thunderstorms or snowstorms, that occur over a period of hours or days. In contrast, climate is the average weather conditions in a specific area over a long period, usually years.

What is the climate like in the Philippines?

The climate of the Philippines is tropical and maritime, characterized by high temperatures, humidity, and frequent rainfall. It has two major seasons: the rainy season (June to November) and the dry season (December to May).

How can the dry season in the Philippines be subdivided?

The dry season in the Philippines can be further divided into the cold dry season (December to February) and the hot dry season (March to May).

What are some key factors that affect climate?

Several factors affect the climate of a region, including latitude, altitude, topography, proximity to oceans or large bodies of water, and ocean currents.

How does latitude affect temperature?

Latitude determines how much sunlight an area receives. Regions near the equator (low latitudes) receive more sunlight and are generally warmer, while regions near the poles (high latitudes) receive less sunlight and are colder.

Why are higher altitudes colder, even in warm areas?

At higher altitudes, the air pressure decreases and air molecules spread out, which reduces the amount of heat the air can absorb, making temperatures lower as you ascend.

What role does topography play in determining precipitation?

Topography, particularly mountains, influences precipitation. Windward sides of mountains receive more precipitation as air rises, cools, and condenses, while leeward sides are drier due to descending warm air, creating a rain shadow effect.

How do oceans and large bodies of water affect local climates?

Oceans and large bodies of water moderate temperatures, leading to milder seasonal changes. Coastal areas tend to have cooler summers and warmer winters compared to inland areas at the same latitude.

What is the impact of ocean currents on climate?

Ocean currents, whether warm or cold, affect the temperature of nearby coastal regions. Warm currents raise temperatures in coastal areas, while cold currents lower temperatures, influencing the overall climate of that region.