ZAT Adiktif narkotika psikotropika IPA kelas 9 kurikulum merdeka | pembatik level 3 #pembatik2023

Summary

This learning video for Grade 9 explores addictive substances, explaining their types, effects, and risks. It covers narcotics, psychotropics, and other everyday addictive substances such as caffeine, alcohol, cigarettes, and inhalants. The video details the classification, potential for dependence, and medical use of narcotics and psychotropics, while also highlighting how substances can act as depressants, stimulants, or hallucinogens. Additionally, it emphasizes the health dangers of everyday substances and encourages students to understand and avoid addiction. Through clear explanations and examples, the video equips students with knowledge to recognize and understand the impact of addictive substances on the human body.

Takeaways

• 😀 Addictive substances are substances that can cause dependence or addiction when consumed.
• 😀 Common addictive substances include narcotics, psychotropics, caffeine, alcohol, cigarettes, and inhalants.
• 😀 Narcotics are plant-derived substances that alter consciousness, reduce pain, and can cause dependence; they must only be used under a doctor's supervision.
• 😀 Narcotics are classified into three groups: Group 1 (very dangerous), Group 2 (moderate dependence, last-resort treatment), and Group 3 (mild dependence, widely used medically).
• 😀 Psychotropics are non-narcotic substances that affect mental state and behavior, classified into Class 1 to 4 based on potential for dependence and medical use.
• 😀 Addictive substances can have different properties: depressants (suppress the central nervous system), stimulants (stimulate body functions), and hallucinogens (cause hallucinations).
• 😀 Caffeine, found in coffee, tea, and chocolate, can increase alertness and enthusiasm but may cause anxiety and faster heart rate.
• 😀 Alcohol affects the central nervous system, creating euphoria, but excessive use can cause serious health problems like liver and brain damage.
• 😀 Cigarettes contain harmful substances like carbon monoxide, nicotine, and tar, which can lead to oxygen deprivation, nervous system toxicity, and cancer.
• 😀 Inhalants such as varnish, thinner, and shoe polish can cause euphoria in small doses and hallucinations with repeated use; they are dangerous to health.
• 😀 Avoiding addictive substances, especially harmful ones like cigarettes, alcohol, and inhalants, is crucial for maintaining physical and mental health.

Q & A

What are addictive substances?

Addictive substances are substances that, when consumed, can cause dependence or addiction in the user.

Can you provide examples of addictive substances found in daily life?

Examples include coffee, cigarettes, alcohol, and certain medications or drugs like narcotics and psychotropics.

What are narcotics and what effects do they have?

Narcotics are substances derived from plants that can change consciousness, reduce or eliminate pain, and cause dependence. They should only be used under a doctor's supervision.

How are narcotics classified and what are examples for each group?

Narcotics are classified into three groups: Group 1 (very dangerous, high dependence, e.g., heroin, cocaine, marijuana), Group 2 (moderate dependence, limited medical use, e.g., morphine, methadone), and Group 3 (mild dependence, commonly used medically, e.g., codeine, ethyl morphine).

What are psychotropics and how do they affect a person?

Psychotropics are non-narcotic substances that affect a person's mental state and behavior, potentially causing dependence.

How are psychotropics classified and what are examples for each class?

Psychotropics are classified into four classes: Class 1 (strong dependence, no medical use, e.g., ecstasy, LSD), Class 2 (strong dependence, limited medical use, e.g., amphetamine, methamphetamine), Class 3 (moderate dependence, e.g., amobarbital), and Class 4 (mild dependence, commonly used medically, e.g., lorazepam, nitrazepam).

What are the three main properties of addictive substances and their effects?

The three main properties are depressants (suppress the central nervous system, e.g., heroin, morphine), stimulants (increase body activity, e.g., caffeine, methamphetamine), and hallucinogens (cause hallucinations, e.g., LSD, marijuana).

What harmful effects can caffeine have on the body?

Caffeine can increase alertness and enthusiasm, but excessive consumption may cause anxiety, increased heart rate, and dependence.

What are the main harmful substances in cigarettes and their effects?

Cigarettes contain carbon monoxide (reduces oxygen in blood), nicotine (toxic to the nervous system), and tar (carcinogenic, causes cancer and lung irritation).

Why are inhalants dangerous and what are some common examples?

Inhalants are dangerous because they can cause euphoria, hallucinations, and long-term health damage. Common examples include varnish, thinner, shoe polish, and wall paint.

Why should addictive substances only be used under supervision or avoided?

They can cause physical and mental dependence, health problems, and legal issues. Misuse can lead to severe or fatal consequences.