Politik Strategi Nasional

Abemeya Channel

13 Nov 202310:19

Summary

TLDRThe video script from Group 4 delves into the concepts of national politics and strategy. It defines politics as a collective system with structures and functions that shape society. The script covers the characteristics of political systems, variables within them, and the role of political communication between institutions and the public. It also explains the concept of national strategy as a method to achieve political goals, highlighting the importance of the president and ministers in formulating and implementing strategic plans, with the ultimate aim of engaging and controlling political developments for the benefit of the nation.

Takeaways

📚 The script introduces the concept of politics and national strategy, highlighting the importance of understanding the political system and its role in society.
🏛️ A political system is defined as a collective unity of structures with specific functions, which is part of the broader societal structure including economic and social systems.
🔍 Key features of a political system include its constituent units, influence boundaries, input and output processes, differentiation levels, and integration efficiency.
🌐 There are five variables within a political system: political structure, norms, values, outputs, and inputs, which are closely related and integral to the system's goals.
🏢 The script explains the concept of political structure, which involves the allocation of cognitive values influenced by the distribution and use of power.
📖 It distinguishes between formal and informal structures within a democratic climate, where formal structures bind society through decisions and informal structures influence state apparatus operations.
🗣️ Communication in politics is described as a two-way process involving the dissemination of political messages by formal institutions and the public's response to these messages.
🌟 Political culture is portrayed as the behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, and emotions of individuals within a political system, oriented towards political life and governance.
🛡️ National strategy is derived from the Greek meaning 'the art of the general,' signifying the knowledge of engaging in battles to win wars, which is a continuation of politics.
📊 In Indonesia, national strategy is formulated based on the Constitution and involves the president and ministers in setting and implementing national targets and policies.
👥 The role of society in politics is emphasized, with an active and informed citizenry playing a significant part in controlling and influencing political policies and national strategies.

Q & A

What is the general definition of politics according to the script?
-According to the script, politics is broadly defined as the collective unity of a set of political structures that have specific functions within the political system, which in turn is part of the larger social structures including economic, social, and cultural systems.
What are the four characteristics of a political system as mentioned in the script?
-The four characteristics of a political system are: 1) the units that form the system and its extensive boundaries of influence, 2) the inputs and outputs of the system reflected in decisions made or the decision-making process, 3) the type and level of differentiation within the system, and 4) the level of integration of the political system reflecting its efficiency.
What are the five variables in the political system according to the script?
-The five variables in the political system are: 1) the political structure with the institutions that carry out the system's functions, 2) norms, both written and unwritten rules that regulate the relationship between actors and the political system, 3) values, the main outcomes distributed by the structures in each political system, 4) outputs and inputs as two closely related functions within the political system, and 5) the purpose of the political system.
What is the definition of political structure according to Cahya Anggara?
-According to Cahya Anggara, political structure is the allocation of values that are cognitive in nature and influenced by the distribution and use of power.
What are the two types of structures in a democratic climate as described in the script?
-In a democratic climate, there are two types of structures: formal structure, which is the political machinery used to solve problems, make decisions, and implement binding decisions on society, and informal structure, which is used to influence the workings of the state apparatus to articulate, channel, translate, and convert demands, support, and issues related to public interests.
What is political communication according to the script?
-Political communication, as described in the script, involves the transmission of political messages by various political actors or those related to governance and government policy. It includes how formal or supra-structural political institutions convey political messages to the public and how infrastructural politics receive responses to these messages.
What are the five elements of political communication mentioned in the script?
-The five elements of political communication are: 1) the political communicator, 2) the political message, 3) the channel or media of communication, 4) the recipient of the political message, and 5) the effect or influence of the communication.
What is political culture and how is it related to the script's content?
-Political culture is the behavior of individuals who have an orientation towards political life, energized by the members of a political system. It is related to values, beliefs, attitudes, and emotions about how governance should be conducted, which is connected to the responsibilities of the government as discussed in the script.
What is the origin of the term 'national strategy' and its meaning in the script?
-The term 'national strategy' originates from the Greek language, meaning 'the art of the general.' It is defined in the script as the knowledge of using battles to win wars, with war being a continuation of politics by other means. National strategy refers to the way to implement national policy to achieve certain goals set by national politics.
How is the national strategy in Indonesia formulated according to the script?
-In Indonesia, the national strategy is formulated based on the 1945 Constitution. At the supra-structural political level, it is regulated by the President or the MPR's mandatee and assisted by ministers selected according to their fields, with the President playing a role in designing strategic programs and plans to be implemented by the appointed ministers.
What role does the society have in controlling political policies and national strategies as mentioned in the script?
-Society has a significant role in controlling various political policies issued by officials and in overseeing the implementation of national strategies that have been determined by the MPR and fully executed by the President.

Outlines

00:00

📘 Introduction to Politics and National Strategy

This paragraph introduces the topic of politics and national strategy, presenting the members of the group and the first explanation of the concept of politics. It includes definitions from Davidson about political systems, their structures, functions, and characteristics, as well as the interrelation between political systems and other societal systems like economy and culture. It also outlines the main variables within political systems: structures, norms, values, outputs, inputs, and goals.

05:01

📘 Definition and Functions of Political Structures

This section defines political structures and explains their components and functions, referencing Cahya Anggara’s definition. It discusses the roles of legislative, executive, and judicial bodies in the political system. The paragraph highlights the distinction between formal and informal political structures, with formal structures focusing on decision-making and informal structures influencing governmental actions. The paragraph also elaborates on the elements of political communication and the essential components such as political educators, interest groups, and communication channels.

10:02

📘 Political Communication and National Strategy

This paragraph delves into political communication, citing Gabriel Almond's and Michel Shsen's definitions. It explains how political communication involves the transmission of political messages and the interaction between formal institutions and the public. It further explores the elements of political communication and the concept of political culture, describing how individuals' beliefs and attitudes shape their political behavior. Additionally, it defines national strategy, outlining its historical and practical context, and emphasizes the role of national strategy in achieving political objectives and the responsibilities of the president and ministers in implementing strategic plans.

📘 Conclusion and Key Points

The final paragraph summarizes the main points discussed in the previous sections, highlighting the concept of politics as a system with principles and methods to achieve desired goals. It recaps the two-way nature of political communication and the five essential elements for the successful implementation of a national strategy. The paragraph concludes with an acknowledgment of the presentation and thanks the audience for their attention.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Politics

Politics refers to activities related to the governance of a country or area, especially the debate between parties having power. In the video, politics is the overarching theme, with discussions on political systems, structures, and strategies being central to the presentation.

💡Political System

A political system is a set of structures and institutions that determine the distribution of power and the limits of governance in a given society. The script mentions that a political system is a collective entity with various structures having specific functions, which form the basis of societal organization.

💡National Strategy

National strategy, derived from the Greek meaning 'the art of the general,' refers to a comprehensive plan or method for achieving long-term goals set by national politics. The script discusses how national strategy in Indonesia is formulated based on the country's constitution and implemented by the president and ministers.

💡Political Structure

Political structure encompasses the organizations and bodies that are involved in the affairs of the state. The script defines it as the allocation of cognitive values influenced by the distribution and use of power, including legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

💡Communication Politics

Communication politics involves the exchange of political messages and the influence of power within society. The script cites Gabriel Almond and Michels' definitions, highlighting how political communication is a function inherent in every political system and involves the dissemination of political messages by various actors.

💡Political Culture

Political culture represents the attitudes, beliefs, and emotions of individuals towards political life, shaped by the members of a political system. The script describes it as being related to the values, beliefs, attitudes, and emotions concerning how governance should be conducted.

💡Formal and Informal Structures

The script distinguishes between formal structures, which are the official political machinery used to resolve issues and make binding decisions, and informal structures, which influence the workings of the state apparatus to represent and channel public interests and demands.

💡Legislation

Legislation refers to the process of making or enacting laws by a legislative body. In the context of the script, it is part of the political structure where laws are created and executed by the executive branch of government.

💡Public Opinion

Public opinion is the collective view of a community on various issues, which can influence political decision-making. The script suggests that the public plays a significant role in controlling political policies and strategies set by the government.

💡Suprastructure

Suprastructure in the script refers to the overarching political framework that includes formal institutions and their roles in the governance of a nation. It is the mechanism through which political power is exercised and decisions are made.

💡Civil Society

Civil society denotes the community of people organized outside of government structures, which can influence political and social issues. The script mentions the development of a mature civil society where the public plays an increasingly active role in various fields.

Highlights

Introduction of Group 4 presenting on politics and national strategy.

Definition of politics as a collective entity with various structures and functions within the political system.

Explanation of the political system as part of the broader societal structures including economic and social systems.

Identification of four characteristics of a political system: forming units, influence boundaries, input and output, differentiation levels, and integration level.

Description of five variables within the political system: political structure, norms, values, output and input functions, and the purpose of the system.

Opening of a constitution for a nation and the role of political institutions in conveying political messages to the public.

Definition of political structure including the allocation of cognitive values influenced by power distribution and usage.

Differentiation between formal and informal structures within a democratic climate and their respective roles.

Importance of political education, interest groups, political recruitment, and political communication.

Gabriel Almond's definition of political communication as a constant function in every political system from his 1960 book.

Michel Shen's 1997 perspective on political communication as the conveyance of messages with effects on power distribution or behaviors leading to authority.

Political communication involves various political messages and actors related to governance and government policies.

Dual perspective of political communication: formal institutions conveying messages to the public and the public's response to these messages.

Components of political communication include the communicator, political message, channels or media, message recipients, and effects or influence.

Definition of political culture as the behavior of individuals oriented towards political life, influenced by the members of a political system.

Strategies as derived from the Greek language meaning 'the art of the general,' with Carl von Clausewitz defining strategy in warfare as the use of battles to win wars.

National strategy as the implementation of national politics to achieve set goals, based on the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia.

The role of the President in designing strategic programs and plans, referred to as national targets, with the involvement of ministers.

The significant role of society in controlling political policies and the execution of national strategies determined by the MPR and fully implemented by the President.

The development of a civilized society with an increasingly active role in various fields, including economic understanding and participation.

Conclusion summarizing that politics consists of a system with principles, conditions, methods, and tools to achieve specific goals, with political communication involving formal and informal institutions.