Fakta Sosial Menurut Emile Durkheim dan contohnya dalam kehidupan

Summary

In this video, the speaker discusses the concept of social facts, as defined by sociologist Emile Durkheim. Social facts are actions influenced by societal norms and structures that guide individuals' behavior. The speaker highlights two types of social facts: material (e.g., legal norms, architecture) and non-material (e.g., social behaviors and customs). Examples are drawn from Dayak Ngaju customs, marriage practices, and social protocols during the pandemic, such as worship practices with health protocols. The video emphasizes how these societal forces impact individual actions and the importance of understanding social facts in everyday life.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social facts are actions or behaviors that exist outside the individual but influence their actions.
• 😀 Emile Durkheim defines social facts as patterns of behavior in society that shape individual actions.
• 😀 Social facts can be classified into material and non-material types, each influencing behavior in different ways.
• 😀 Material social facts include tangible elements like architecture, laws, and customs (e.g., the Dayak Ngaju wedding practice).
• 😀 Non-material social facts involve intangible aspects such as values, beliefs, and social expectations (e.g., behavior in religious settings).
• 😀 The Dayak Ngaju marriage custom of dowry is an example of a material social fact, ensuring the wife's protection if the husband leaves.
• 😀 Social facts compel individuals to act according to societal norms, even though these norms are not fully integrated with individual identity.
• 😀 In places of worship, social facts govern appropriate behaviors such as dressing modestly and behaving respectfully.
• 😀 During the COVID-19 pandemic, places of worship adopted health protocols like social distancing, mask-wearing, and sanitizing hands, showing social facts' adaptability.
• 😀 Social facts, whether material or non-material, play a significant role in guiding and shaping individual behavior in both everyday and exceptional situations.

Q & A

What are social facts according to the transcript?

Social facts are actions and behaviors that exist outside of the individual but influence them. They are patterns in social life and relationships that individuals must adhere to, even though they cannot be fully separated from the individual.

How does Emile Durkheim define social facts?

Emile Durkheim defines social facts as the ways people act and think in society, shaped by social structures and mobility. These actions are influenced by collective forces rather than individual will.

What are the two types of social facts mentioned in the transcript?

The two types of social facts are material and nonmaterial social facts. Material social facts are observable and tangible, such as architecture and legal norms, while nonmaterial social facts are intangible aspects like customs and cultural practices.

What is an example of a material social fact given in the transcript?

An example of a material social fact provided in the transcript is the architecture of places of worship and legal norms, which influence behaviors in society.

Can you explain the Dayak ngaju customs mentioned in the transcript?

The Dayak ngaju customs include the palaku, a dowry system where a prospective husband must provide a plot of land or money as a guarantee for the wife. This ensures that if the husband leaves, the wife is financially supported according to the custom.

How do social facts affect individuals in everyday life?

Social facts influence individuals by shaping their actions and behaviors, often through societal norms and expectations. For example, people are taught to dress appropriately and behave respectfully in places of worship.

What role does social mobility play in social facts?

Social mobility refers to the movement of individuals within social structures, which affects how social facts are experienced. For example, a person’s position in society can influence how they interpret or follow social norms and expectations.

What was the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social facts related to worship?

The COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in how worship activities were conducted, with churches and mosques adopting health protocols like physical distancing, hand sanitizing, mask-wearing, and avoiding handshakes to ensure safety during worship.

What is the significance of legal norms as material social facts?

Legal norms, as material social facts, govern individual behaviors and actions in society. They are tangible rules that individuals must follow, influencing the way people act in both public and private settings.

How do social facts relate to customs like marriage?

Social facts like marriage customs, such as the Dayak ngaju dowry system, regulate individual behaviors by setting expectations and rules that must be followed within a community, impacting both the individuals involved and society as a whole.