皮膚科医だけど質問ある？ | Tech Support | WIRED Japan

Summary

このスクリプトでは、皮膚に関する様々な問題とその対策について医師のアドバイスが提供されています。日光浴のリスク、ニキビの破裂、肌荒れ、シワの原因、日焼け、肌の健康維持方法などが説明されています。特に、皮膚癌の予防や、肌の乾燥やニキビに対する適切な治療法が強調されています。また、ストレスによる皮膚への影響や、肌の「呼吸」と「解毒」についての誤解を解くことで、正しい肌ケアの知識を提供しています。

Takeaways

• 🌞 タンニングは肌に最悪な影響を与え、皮膚癌のリスクを高めるだけでなく、急速に老化を促進します。
• 🤏 ニキビをポップすると感染や後遺症の原因となる可能性があり、ニキビの原因や位置について理解することが重要です。
• 🦠 頭の毛の脱落には完全な治療法がなく、細胞のプログラムされた死のサイクルと関連しています。
• 🧪 タンニングブースは皮膚癌のリスクを高め、老化を加速させるUVBおよびUVA放射線を放出するため安全ではありません。
• 💉 生殖器ウイルスはHPVウイルスによって引き起こされ、女性の子宮癌や男性の陰茎癌につながることがあります。
• 💊 アクチュアネ（イソトレチノイン）は、ニキビの原因となる4つの要因のうち3つを効果的にターゲットとし、ニキビの治療において非常に有効ですが、副作用があります。
• 😓 ストレスは生理学的にニキビを引き起こす可能性があり、ストレスホルモンが皮膚の油腺に作用してニキビを悪化させることがあります。
• 🧴 アンチペルシャントは汗の分泌を防ぐため、デオドラントと比べて安全性に関する議論があります。
• 👄 唇は特にUVB放射線に対して敏感で、日焼けや皮膚癌のリスクが高いため、リップクリームにサンスクリーンを使います。
• 👣 足のひざの皮膚が乾燥剥がれている場合は、足病医または皮膚科医に相談することが推奨されます。
• 😷 長時間マスクを着用することで、肌への摩擦や閉じた空間での湿度がニキビや肌の刺激を引き起こす可能性があります。

Q & A

日焼けサロンはなぜ肌に有害なのですか？

日焼けサロンは主にUVA線を放射しており、これにより皮膚が急速に老化し、皮膚癌のリスクも高まります。UVA線は皮膚のDNAを損傷させ、老化を引き起こすことが知られています。

ニキビを破裂させるのはなぜ避けるべきですか？

ニキビを破裂させると、毛穴ユニットを損傷し、周辺のコラーゲンに炎症を引き起こすため、傷跡が残りやすくなります。

アクネを予防するためにはどのような対策を取れば良いですか？

アクネを予防するためには、アクネを引き起こす要因に対処するため、皮膚細胞の粘りや油分泌を減少させる成分を含むスポットトリートメントを使用することが有効です。

ヘアロスに対抗する完全な治療法はなぜ存在しないのですか？

細胞はプログラムされた死のサイクルを経て、一定回数しか増殖できないため、ヘアロスに対する完全な治療法は存在しないと言われています。現在ある治療法は、ヘアロスの進行を遅延させ、一部の毛を再生するものです。

アクチノイン（Isotretinoin）はアクネ治療においてどのように作用しますか？

アクチノインはアクネの原因となる4つの要素のうち、油分泌の増加、皮膚細胞の粘り、炎症を減少させる効果があり、アクネの治療において非常に効果的です。

ストレスが肌に与える影響とは何ですか？

ストレスは生理学的にホルモンを放出し、このホルモンは皮膚の油腺に作用してアクネを引き起こすことがあります。また、ストレスは脱毛にも影響を与える可能性があります。

抗汗剤と除臭剤の違いは何ですか？

抗汗剤は汗の分泌を阻止するのに対し、除臭剤は汗液の匂いを抑える効果しか持たないことが多く、安全性の点では除臭剤の方が優れていると言われています。

日焼けの危険性はどの程度ですか？

日焼けはDNAに損傷を与え、皮膚癌の発生リスクを高めます。また、一度の重度の日焼けで皮膚癌のリスクが増加する可能性があります。

肌荒れはなぜ起こることがあるのですか？

肌荒れは肌の水分を失ったり、肌の障壁が弱っていると起こることがあります。肌の水分を保ち、適切な保湿ケアを行うことで肌荒れを防ぐことができます。

刺青を削除する方法は何ですか？

刺青を削除するためには、特定の色素を攻撃するレーザーを使用して、色素を小さな粒子に分解し、体の免疫システムが排除できるようにします。

アルコールフラッシュ（Asian Flush）はなぜ起こることがあるのですか？

アルコールフラッシュは、アルコール代謝に関与する酵素の遺伝子変異により、アルコールを分解できない人で起こることがあります。この状態は、アルコールの毒性が原因で赤みや炎症を引き起こします。

皮膚が老化するにつれてしわが生じる理由は何ですか？

皮膚が老化するにつれてしわが生じるのは、皮膚のボリュームが減少し、重力の影響で下に向かって移動し始めたこと、そして表情筋の動きによる皮膚のくすみが原因です。

肌の色が変化するメラノーマの特徴は何ですか？

メラノーマの特徴は、非対称性、境界線の不規則性、色の多様性、直径の大きさ（6mm以上）、変化していることです。これらの症状がある場合は、すぐに皮膚科医院就诊する必要があります。

唇が日焼けをする可能性はありますか？

はい、唇は他の皮膚と比べて保護層が薄いため、日焼けをすることがありえます。特にビーチなどで日焼けが起こりやすい場合は、 SPFを含むリップクリームを使用することが重要です。

マスクを長時間着用することで肌にどのような影響を与える可能性がありますか？

マスクを長時間着用することで、肌にアクネや刺激を引き起こす可能性があります。肌への摩擦や密閉空間での湿度の上昇が原因で、肌の炎症を悪化させる可能性があります。

足のひじむきが乾燥して皺が入った場合は、皮膚科医に相談すべきですか？

足のひじむきの乾燥やひびが入った場合は、足病医（ポジトリスト）または皮膚科医に相談することができます。両者ともに足の乾燥やひびを治療することができますが、足病医は足に関する専門知識を持っています。

Outlines

00:00

🚫 タンニングの危険性とニキビの処理

Dr. Man Shaは、タニングが皮膚癌の原因になるだけでなく、急速に老化を促進すると警告。ニキビについては、自然に消えるのを待つか、効果的なスポットトリートメントを使用することが推奨され、ニキビを破裂させることで皮膚の傷痕や炎症後色素沈着を避けるべきだと述べています。また、毛の損失については、細胞のプログラムされた死滅と関連があり、完全な治愈はまだ見つかっていないが、治療はある程度の毛の成長を促進できる可能性があると説明しています。

05:00

🧪 アクチュアネの効果と副作用

アクチュアネ（イスオトレチノイン）は、ニキビの原因となる4つの要因のうち3つを効果的に減少させる薬剤であり、特に重度のノドゥロシスティックなニキビや皮膚の傷痕に対しては消滅的な効果があるとされています。しかし、副作用があり、すべての人に適しているわけではなく、適切な患者を選ぶ必要があるとDr. Man Shaは指摘しています。

10:01

😓 ストレスが皮膚への影響

ストレスが生理学的にニキビを引き起こすことが文書化されており、ストレスホルモンが皮膚の毛穴にある脂腺に作用し、ニキビを引き起こすことが説明されています。このサイクルは、ストレスがニキビを悪化させ、さらにストレスを増やす可能性があることを意味しています。髪の毛の損失にも同じメカニズムが考えられています。

15:02

🌞 日焼けと皮膚の老化

日焼けはDNAへの損傷を引き起こし、皮膚癌のリスクを高めることから危険であると警告されています。特に子供の頃の1回の重度の日焼けで皮膚癌のリスクが50%増加する可能性があることが強調されています。日焼けによる皮膚の老化は、UVBおよびUVA放射線による影響で、UVAが老化に寄与すると説明されています。

20:03

💧 肌の水分と保湿

肌は水分を失うことがあり、保湿は皮膚の健康を維持する上で非常に重要です。肌の水分を維持するための主な方法として、日光からの保護やレチノールなどのトピカルクリームを使用することが推奨されています。また、日焼けによる皮膚の損傷は、肌の水分を失う要因の1つであり、日焼けを防ぐことで肌の水分を維持することができます。

🤔 肌に関する一般的な疑問

様々な肌に関する疑問に対する答えが提供されています。例えば、耳の後ろの皮膚が裂ける理由、肌に水分を与える方法、肌の毒素を排除する方法、そして肌が呼吸するかどうかなど、様々なトピックに触れています。肌のケアに関するアドバイスとして、適切な保湿剤の使用や、肌に適した製品を選ぶことが重要であることが強調されています。

💉 皮膚の症状と治療

皮膚の症状に対する治療方法が説明されています。例えば、ニキビ、皮膚の赤斑、肌荒れ、肌の乾燥、そして皮膚の症状に対する一般的なアドバイスが提供されています。特に、肌のケアの基本として、適切な保湿と皮膚の障壁を保護することが重要であることが強調されています。

👩‍⚕️ 皮膚科の専門知識

皮膚科医からのアドバイスが提供されており、皮膚に関する様々な疑問や懸念に対する答えが説明されています。例えば、タトゥーの除去方法、アルコールによる皮膚の反応、肌がんの兆候、唇の日焼け、マスクによる皮膚の症状など、幅広いトピックがカバーされています。

Keywords

💡日焼け

日焼けは皮膚が太陽の紫外线に曝露されると発生する炎症反応で、皮膚が赤く腫れ上がり、痛みを伴う症状を引き起こします。ビデオでは、日焼けが皮膚がんのリスクを高めるだけでなく、急速な老化をもたらすことも強調されています。例えば、Dr. Manshaは、自己が31歳で皮膚癌を発症した経験から、日焼けブースの使用は安全ではないと警銘にしています。

💡ニキビ

ニキビは皮膚の毛孔が詰まり、炎症を起こすことで生じる皮膚の問題で、ビデオではニキビを破裂させると、毛穴周囲のコラーゲンに損傷が生じ、その結果として痘痕が残ることが説明されています。Dr. Manshaは、ニキビを破裂させることを避けることで、皮膚の傷跡を防ぐことができるとアドバイスしています。

💡ハゲ

ハゲは、細胞のプログラムされた死のサイクルに関連する自然現象ですが、完全な治療法はまだ存在しないとビデオで説明されています。Dr. Manshaは、治療によってハゲの進行を遅らせ、一部の髪を取り戻すことは可能であると述べていますが、永遠に細胞を再生させる癌細胞のようにはならない治療法が必要です。

💡生殖器ウイルス

生殖器ウイルスは、人類繊維腫病毒感染によって引き起こされ、女性の子宮頸がんや男性の陰茎がんにつながることがあるとビデオで説明されています。Dr. Manshaは、生殖器ウイルスに感染している場合、治療を受けることと、他人に感染を広げないようにすることが重要だとアドバイスしています。

💡アクチュアネ

アクチュアネ（イソトレチノイン）は、ニキビの治療において非常に効果的ですが、副作用があり、すべての人に適していないとビデオで説明されています。Dr. Manshaは、アクチュアネが皮膚の油分泌を減らし、皮膚細胞の粘りさを低減し、炎症を抑える3つのメカニズムに作用し、ニキビの治療において最も効果的な薬剤であると語っています。

💡ストレス

ストレスは、皮膚に影響を与え、ニキビを悪化させる可能性があるとビデオで説明されています。ストレスホルモンが分泌されると、皮膚の油腺に作用してニキビを引き起こすことが研究から分かっています。また、ストレスは髪の毛の脱落にも影響を与えることが言及されています。

💡防汗剤

防汗剤は、汗の分泌を阻止するものであり、ビデオではそれがアルミニウムを含むことが懸念される致癌性を持つかもしれないと触れています。しかし、多くの皮膚科学者や科学者がそのリスクが根拠のない懸念であると語っています。Dr. Manshaは、防汗剤の使用を心配する人々は、アルミニウムを含まないデオドラントを使用することを推奨しています。

💡皮膚の老化

皮膚の老化は、体の一部の体積の減少と、筋肉の動きによるシワの形成に関連しているとビデオで説明されています。Dr. Manshaは、日焼けによる皮膚の老化を防ぐために、日焼け止めの使用を推奨しています。また、レチノールなどの抗老化クリームは、皮膚のボリュームを回復させるのに役立つとアドバイスしています。

💡_sunburn_（日焼け）

日焼けは、DNAに損傷を与え、皮膚がんの発生リスクを高めるとビデオで警告されています。子供の時からの1回の重症の日焼けで皮膚がんのリスクが50％増加する可能性があると述べています。Dr. Manshaは、過去の日焼けを元に戻すことはできないが、これからは日焼け止めを常に使用し、太陽の下でいる時には日除けを求めるべきだとアドバイスしています。

💡刺青除去

刺青は皮膚の真皮層にインクが注入され、永久に残るとされていましたが、レーザー刺青除去技術が開発されたとビデオで説明されています。特定の波長のレーザーが、刺青のインクをターゲットにして粒子に分裂させ、身体が吸収して排除することができるようになったとDr. Manshaが解説しています。

💡アルコール赤面症

アルコール赤面症は、特定の遺伝子変異を持つ人々がアルコールを摂取した際にすぐに顔が赤くなる現象で、ビデオではそれが不快で痛みを伴うと説明されています。この症状は、アルコールを代謝する酶の欠乏によって引き起こされ、その酶が欠如している人は食道癌のリスクが高いとDr. Manshaが警告しています。

💡皮膚がん

皮膚がんは、通常、異常に見える母斑や変化する母斑に注意を払う必要があるとビデオで強調されています。ABCDEルール（非対称性、境界の不規則性、色の多様性、直径、変化）を使って皮膚がんを特定し、変異や成長、出血を示す母斑は皮膚科医院就诊の必要があるとDr. Manshaが指示しています。

💡唇の日焼け

唇の日焼けは、唇が他の皮膚と比べて保護層が薄いため、特に高リスクであるとビデオで説明されています。唇で皮膚がんが見られることがあるため、海辺などで日焼けにかかっている際には、日焼け止めリップクリームの使用が推奨されています。

💡マスクアクネ

マスクアクネは、ビデオで説明されているように、マスクを長時間着用することで引き起こされる皮膚への刺激やニキビの問題です。Dr. Manshaは、マスクの下にメイクをしないこと、適切なアクネ対策の成分を追加することで、この問題に対処するようアドバイスしています。

💡足のひび割れ

足のひび割れは、乾燥や皮膚の角質層の厚さに関連する症状で、ビデオでは、アモニウムラクテートやウラを含む保湿剤を使用することが、足のひび割れの治療に有効であるとDr. Manshaが説明しています。また、皮膚科医や足病医の専門家に相談することも推奨されています。

Highlights

Tanning beds increase the risk of skin cancer and accelerate aging rapidly due to their UVA and UVB radiation.

Popping pimples can cause infections and scarring due to the rupture of hair follicles and damage to surrounding collagen.

There is no complete cure for hair loss, but treatments can slow the process and potentially regrow some hair.

Genital warts are caused by HPV and can be treated with medical interventions, and vaccines can prevent HPV infection.

Accutane (isotretinoin) effectively treats severe acne by targeting oil production, skin cell stickiness, and inflammation.

Stress can cause acne by stimulating oil production in hair follicles and potentially lead to a vicious cycle of stress and breakouts.

Anti-perspirants may contain aluminum, which some people worry about, but the risk is considered unfounded by dermatologists.

Hormonal acne often appears along the jawline in women during their 20s and 30s and can be treated with hormone-regulating medications.

Skin wrinkling is due to volume loss and movement, and treatments aim to restore volume or reduce movement.

Sunburn can cause DNA damage leading to skin cancer, and wearing sunscreen can significantly reduce this risk.

SPF 30 or higher is recommended for adequate sun protection, as SPF 15 may not be sufficient.

Infections from piercings should be treated promptly with proper cleaning and medical attention if symptoms worsen.

Windburn can exacerbate sunburn effects due to skin barrier damage from low humidity and wind.

Skin doesn't physiologically breathe, but reducing harsh skincare products can benefit skin health.

Moisturizers can create a feeling of sweatiness by trapping moisture, which is part of their function to prevent water loss.

Tattoo removal works by using lasers to target ink particles, breaking them down for the body to absorb and eliminate.

Asian flush is a genetic condition caused by a mutation in the acetyl aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, leading to inflammation and discomfort after alcohol consumption.

Skin cancer, particularly melanoma, can be identified by the ABCDE rule: asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter, and evolution.

Lips are susceptible to sunburn and should be protected with sunscreen lip balm, especially in sunny environments.

Mask-related skin issues can be addressed by identifying whether the problem is acne or irritation and adjusting skincare routine accordingly.

Cracked heels can be treated with moisturizers containing ammonium lactate or urea and may require a visit to a podiatrist or dermatologist.

Transcripts

the worst thing you can do for your skin

is go tanning not only do they cause

skin cancer but they also accelerate

aging rapidly hi I'm Dr man sha and this

is skin

[Music]

support So at Young forehead great

username should you or shouldn't you pop

your pimples I'm trying to settle a

debate all right let's settle this

debate right now anyone who follows me

knows I am very much against popping

your pimples they can lead to infections

they can lead to jarring we have to

think about what causes a pimple or

where is the pimple in your skin in

general it's actually stuck inside your

hair follicle unit or basically inside

your pore so this pimple is a little pus

Ball filled and stuck inside this pore

now it's restrained there which is fine

it's not going to cause any scarring at

this point the second that you pop it

you actually rupture that hair follicle

and it damages the surrounding collagen

because of all that inflammation so

that's where you get scarring so

definitely don't pop your pimples if you

don't want scarring if you don't want

that post-inflammatory hyperpig M mation

that sticks around forever there are so

many good spot treatments out nowadays

that eliminate your pimples pretty

quickly without you having to pop them

Mumbo Inc asked why is there no cure for

hair loss I wish there was because

everybody including myself suffers from

hair loss we don't have an answer yet

hopefully one day in my lifetime we will

have an answer but all of our cells go

through basically a programmed death

cycle they can only live so long they're

all meant to replicate a certain amount

of times and then eventually die off off

and our hair cells are exactly the same

way and once they die off you really

can't get them back and so we have

treatments in dermatology that can

actually stop the hair loss process slow

the hair loss process maybe get you a

few hairs back but nothing that's a

complete cure at this time hopefully one

day we do but if we ever to have a cell

that were to continue to replicate

forever and ever and never die off

that's exactly what cancer cells do so

we don't necessarily want that we need

to find something in between that lasts

long enough that we can produce hair

shafts forever but not last long enough

that it turns into a cancer rocking it

for you asked how safe are tanning

booths I used to go tanning all the time

as a result of that I ended up develing

being skin cancer at the age of 31 when

nobody in my family has ever had skin

cancer and I went tanning probably over

100 times so we know the tanning boosts

are going to increase your risk of skin

cancer we know that it's going to

accelerate aging as a matter of fact you

have UVB radiation and you have UVA

radiation now UVB radiation UVB b stands

for bad that's the one that damages your

DNA and mostly causes skin cancer and

then UVA mostly causes aging well our

tanning boosts are actually mostly UVA

so not only do they cause skin cancer

but they also accelerate aging rapidly

so that's why people that use tanning

beds often look much older than their

age and so they're not safe they

increase the risk of skin cancer and if

there's one thing that I do on all my

social media platforms and when I get on

here and I talk to all of you is the

worst thing you can do for your skin is

go tanning hjo PD asked hey Siri how do

I get rid of genital warts probably not

tweeting to everybody about your genital

warts would be a good start uh genital

warts are actually caused by the HPV or

human papiloma virus and that human

papiloma virus can cause cervical cancer

in women and it can also cause penile

cancer in men if you do have genital

warts that's something you want to get

treated and it's also something that you

don't want to spread to other people

especially your partner who could end up

with cervical or penile or anal cancer

as a result of that but once you have it

we do have several ways to get rid of it

including freezing them with liquid

nitrogen and using other topical

treatments like aamod which is a

prescription medication and others they

can get rid of them but I would have

them treated and not try to spread them

to other people but you have different

types of HPV vaccines that are very

effective at stopping you from getting

this in the first place now the HPV

vaccine is approved up to 45 but it

probably has even benefit beyond that

there's actually a new study that showed

that up to 87% % reduction in cervical

cancer in women so it actually makes a

huge difference if you get it and I

actually recommend it highly to people

especially at a young age to prevent

getting HPV in the first place next up

Dr ched asked how the heck does Accutane

work goodness gracious so Accutane is

actually no longer on the market but I

actually use that word still myself um

it's actually known as isotretinoin so

isotron and is a vitamin a derivative

but to understand how it works we have

to go back to what causes acne in the

first place so there's a few things that

cause acne one your skin cells basically

stick together too much and basically

clog your pores two you have bacteria

that's stuck in those pores clogging

those pores three you have increased oil

production that's trapped inside your

pores and four all of that bundle

creates inflammation so basically four

main things that causes acne Accutane or

isotretinoin targets three out of those

four very very effectively it decreases

oil production decreases skin cell

stickiness and decreases infl

and is the number one best treatment for

acne the problem is that it does have

some side effects that we do need to

monitor so it's not for everyone it's

not the answer for everyone's acne but

for people with really bad nodulocystic

or scarring acne it is an absolute

obliterating medication and

life-changing medication for people that

have acne next up we have GG rimon why

does my skin break out when I have

stress as if that won't stress me out

more ah this is such a good question so

when you have stress physiologically it

actually causes you to break out this is

actually something that's really well

documented we have a hormone released

from our hypothalamus called

corticotropin releasing hormone and it

actually acts on the sebaceous or sweat

or oil glands within the hair follicles

that actually causes acne so that stress

hormone acts on your hair follicle to

create the oil that causes acne that's

like the worst thing ever right cuz you

get stressed you break out you're

stressed out more because now you have

acne and it's just a vicious cycle and

you can actually get in your own head

and make your acne worse this is

actually true for hair loss too that

stress can cause hair loss or teagen

aium and you can end up in this vicious

cycle where your stress is actually

making your hair loss worse I could just

tell you like don't be stressed but I'm

stressed myself so I don't really have a

good answer for you uh but you know some

meditation in the morning you know

exercising can really get your mind off

things and just stick with a regimen

that works for acne and then that will

help to improve it but I can't eliminate

all stress in life I wish I could mini

poly me asked while we're talking about

stuff like this is anti-perspirant more

dangerous than deodorant so good

question and a lot of people just

consider these two to be the same thing

but they're actually very different so

anti-perspirants actually block echine

sweat from happening so they basically

include those Ducks the other side you

have deodorant which actually doesn't do

that it just is basically perfume

essentially for your armpits deodorants

in general are going to be considered to

be safer because there is some risk that

people speak of regarding aluminum if

you talk to most dermatologists and most

people in the scientific space they'll

tell you that that risk is unfounded so

there is some concern that aluminum can

cause cancer right now that's unfounded

so we definitely need more data now if

you're someone who's concerned about

this I think it's reasonable to just use

deodorant now personally from my

personal opinion it's not something that

I'm worried about I always make my

recommendations based on what I would

recommend to my mom my sister my dad my

wife based on my recommendations to my

own family members I'm not currently

worried about antiperspirants or

aluminum based deodorants that may

change as more data comes out but if you

are somebody who's concerned I think it

would be reasonable to use deodorant

that doesn't have the aluminum in it so

Sunshine R Kayla asked okay I have a

question skincare friends I've been

having issues pretty consistently with

breaking out on my cheeks just the lower

part I haven't changed anything in my

skincare routine but it's frustrating so

this is a really good and common

question hormonal acne can affect any

part of the face but specifically we

find that in women specifically in their

20s and 30s outside of those teenage

years seem to develop acne along the

jawline we don't necessarily know why

this happens some people think it has to

do with different receptors in the skin

at these levels but we do know that

people get hormonal acne specifically in

this region the treatment over the-

counter is going to be identical so

you're going to look for those acne

fighting ingredients salicylic acid

benzil peroxide adapalene or retinoids

that's all you can do for it over the

counter it's when you see a

dermatologist that we're going to treat

your hormonal acne different than we

would treat other forms of acne so what

we would essentially do is go after the

hormones instead of going after other

things that we usually treat acne with

we instead go after the actual hormones

and we give medications that regulate or

normalize your hormone production to get

you back into balance so room Aesthetics

asked why does skin wrinkle with age you

have to think about volume so you have

to picture yourself essentially as a

great so when you're young you're a

great when you get older you start to

lose volume your volume starts to head

in the direction of gravity and you

develop wrinkles or you become

essentially a raisin and the number two

thing is movement now you have to

picture yourself as a leather shoe when

you get a brand new leather shoe it's

got no creases in it but as soon as you

start to move and walk it develops

essentially a crease in it and that's

what happens when we move the muscles in

our face you develop wrinkles because of

that so it's volume and movement and

basically all the treatments that we

have in dermatology Aesthetics plastic

surgery actually Target one of these two

things to eliminate wrinkles you got to

ask yourself hey is this anti-aging

cream actually going to work for me it

has to Target one of these things it

either has to stop movement which we

don't really have any topical treatments

that can really do that effectively

there is a topical treatment called

argilene that may have some benefit

similar to Botox to stop movement but

beyond that we're thinking about how do

we restore volume so the first thing you

can do is protect your volume so one

thing is to actually wear sunscreen we

know that about 90% of the Aging that

happens to our skin is actually due to

the Sun and so by inhibiting the sun

effect on the skin by using sunscreen

that's going to do most of the work the

other thing is you could try to build

the volume that you lost by building the

collagen and support structures in your

skin the number one thing for that as

far as topical creams is going to be

your retinols or vitamin A derivatives

smart Solarium UK asked how dangerous is

sunburn can one case of severe sunburn

give you cancer so sadly yes in a way

because the way that skin cancers are

formed is basically a mutation in your

DNA must occur and that DNA mutation

leads to Rapid replication of one cell

so you really only have to get one bad

cell for this all to happen and so a

really bad sunburn could damage your DNA

to the point where you get an abnormal

cell that does turn into a skin cancer

now that is relatively uncommon but we

do know that just a single sunburn

during childhood could increase your

risk of skin cancer by 50% anytime you

get more sunburns it's going to be even

worse for you so not just melanoma but

you can also get squa cell skin cancers

basil cell skin cancers you can't

reverse what you did in the past so you

can't go back in time and stop your

sunburns but what you can do going

forward is wear sunscreen every day and

really try to get shade when you're out

in the sun at the beach coffeeology

asked what is the optimal SPF that I

should use on my face right now I have

SPF 15 but I'm not sure if it's

protective enough perfect segue here so

this is a common misconception because

the FDA actually recommends SPF 15 SPF

15 blocks about 93% of UVB radiation we

find that that's really not enough in

dermatology because people don't really

apply it thick enough as they're

supposed to from the American Academy of

Dermatology we really recommend SPF 30

or higher you don't need SPF 100 but SPF

30 to SPF 60 is really going to get you

there SPF 15 is probably not enough when

you get to SPF 30 you get 97% coverage

if you use thick enough of a layer

jungle go asked SOS help I got a

piercing around a month ago and I've

developed an infection in the area what

do I do crying face so this is July 15th

so I'm hoping they're okay it's been a

while hopefully they saw somebody um any

type of infection if it's starting to

spread or become painful or draining pus

definitely see a doctor for this

probably don't tweet unless the people

tweeting back at you were saying to go

see a doctor one of the things that you

can do is just clean the area with soap

and water clean Thea with alcohol

chlorexidine or iodine any wound those

are the best things to really clean it

with so you can use a topical antibiotic

ointment polysporin is a good option

especially in the United States clean

the area with soap and water if it

really starts to get worse and you start

to have fevers chills headaches or start

to feel really ill that's when you want

to see a doctor kc2 sjm asked Fact or

Crap windburn can be more dangerous and

last longer than a sunburn is this a

fact or is it crap specifically when we

talk about windburn or sunburn this is

actually a great debate in the

Dermatology Community there are some

dermatologists that don't even think

windburn exists they actually think that

windburn is actually just sunburn

disguised as being in the cold windy

times my opinion it's a combination of

both when it's windy and cold outside

the humidity is down wind is blowing in

your face your skin starts to crack and

get dry and it weakens Your Skin Barrier

and this makes you more sensitive to the

sun because now that top layer of your

skin can't protect you from the Sun so

it's a combination wind low humidity

plus the Sun that actually causes wind

bur the sunburn is actually more

dangerous because it's damaging your DNA

and the windburn May last longer because

it just takes you longer for your skin

to heal so it's a combination of the two

actually Gat sw8 asked does your skin

breathe and does it need to detox some

people will say hey my Skin's breaking

out I need to give it a chance to

breathe what the people are experiencing

in that situation is that a lot of times

their skincare products or make up is

actually making their skin worse they're

using products that are clogging their

pores or they're using products that are

actually irritating their skin and by

giving their skin a chance to quote

unquote breathe their skin may get

better as a result of that so no your

skin doesn't physiologically breathe but

giving your skin a breather from harsh

products that are damaging Your Skin

Barrier may actually be beneficial for

some people and we need to sweat because

it eliminates heat from our body it uh

regulates our electrolyte Productions in

our body but we don't necessarily need

to remove toxins from our skin our

kidneys and our liver do most of the job

doing that our skin does very little job

to detox our bodies R Welsh makeup asked

skincare question does anyone know why

some moisturizers make my face feel

sweaty a few seconds after applying it

like not just a moisture layer but like

I've been sweating when you're applying

a moisturizer you're basically applying

like a blanket to your face and that

increased heat or Suffocation of the

skin could essentially cause you to

sweat a little bit more moisturizers

actually prevent water water loss that's

the main mechanism by which they work so

if you start sweating and you apply a

moisturizer it's going to trap that

moisture that's coming out of your pores

right into the skin and so you may

actually be locking in your sweat and

just feeling a little bit more than you

probably normally would next up we have

Ted Talk ideas and if they're supposed

to last forever how does tattoo removal

work what ends up happening with tattoo

is that you're putting an ink underneath

the skin essentially into the durmis

layer of the skin and it basically sits

there and that's what we see when we

look at underneath the microscope we see

these little particles of black or red

dots sitting in that dermis layer of the

skin we used to think that tattoos would

last forever but then they inv invented

laser tattoo removal how does it work is

basically there's a specific laser beam

that targets what we call a chromophor

now a chromophor is anything that

absorbs light at a specific wavelength

if you have black tattoo ink the laser

will Target that specific black tattoo

ink and really nothing else and that's

the chromophor that it's attacking and

by hitting that with high power energy

laser beam essentially explodes these

into tiny little particles that your

body's able to finally absorb and get

rid of Amelia Chan asked why does my

sister have asian flush but I don't

you're luckier than your sister I

suppose but it certainly is genetic to

some degree so what ends up happening

with asian flush or alcohol flush they

drink alcohol and immediately they turn

beet red and it's actually kind of

painful for them it's very very

uncomfortable so alcohol needs to be be

converted and metabolized to basically

the inactive forms of it but what ends

up happening is people with asian flush

they have a mutation in their acetyl

alahh dehydrogenase Gene and that

mutation makes it so that they can't

break down acety alahh so alcohol is you

drink the alcohol it's converted to

acetyl alahh and then they're not able

to break it down that acetyl alahh built

up in the body causes tons of

inflammation flushing redness pain

throbbing sensation and actually people

with the mut in this particular enzyme

or gene or increased risk of esophageal

cancer when they drink because this

acetyl alahh is actually really toxic to

cells it's actually physiologically a

dangerous thing to have asian flush and

drink on at the same time so it doesn't

exclusively affect the Asian populations

it happens to be more common in the

Asian populations because it's passed

through essentially mitochondrial DNA

which is passed actually from the mom

usually uh you inherit your

mitochondrial DNA from and so it is

genetic it can happen in all populations

it just happens to be more common in the

Asian population next up jonovan asked

curious how you can spot skin cancer

what does it look like and are there any

symptoms like I was saying earlier skin

cancer can kind of look like anything

but the main thing that I would really

want to warn everybody about is

something called melanoma which is

basically when a mole becomes abnormal

and that's one of those dark or brown

looking moles we actually do have a

really helpful pneumonic for this and we

call that the ABCDE e of melanoma a

stands for asymmetry so if you were to

take a mole and you were to lay it over

on top of itself it was if it was

asymmetric that would be one sign that

it's not good b means basically the

borders are Jagged or abnormal c means

that it has more than one color so it's

not just one homogeneous same color

brown but there's specks of black

there's specks of brown there's specks

of Pinks that's abnormal you don't want

that either d stands for diameter

anything over 6 mm or the size of like a

pencil head a eraser head that's

concerning as well and the last thing is

e or evolving so any mole that's

changing growing bleeding all of a

sudden doesn't look the same as it did

before that's something to look for and

the last thing has actually become

recently recognized in the literature

what we call the Ugly Duckling sign so

basically it's when you have one mole

that just doesn't look like the rest of

the moles on your body if you have any

of those signs or symptoms you want to

see a dermatologist immediately the

depth of how deep that mole goes can be

life-changing if it goes too deep it

could have already spread if it's very

shallow then we may be able to just

remove it right in the office so not

something to wait on everything else you

can wait on if you have a pimple what

have you but if you have an abnormal or

changing mle that's not something you

want to wait on Libby asked can your

lips get sunburn something about lip

gloss at the beach seems dangerous you

certainly can get sunburn on your lips

as a matter of fact your risk of sunburn

on your lips is actually higher than the

rest of your skin because it doesn't

have that protective top layer of the

skin called the stratum corneum so it

doesn't have as much prot protecting it

as the rest of your body does and we do

see skin cancers on the lips and when we

remove them it can actually affect the

function of your mouth and so a lot of

people don't even think to put sunscreen

on your lips but when you're at the

beach especially if you're prone to

getting sunburn you should really

actually put on a sunscreen lip balm

next up X Tina BB asked can Dermatology

Twitter give me some good skincare

reacks wearing an n95 all day has my

skin breaking out and it's already a

little oily at Baseline SOS yeah this is

a big problem that I saw throughout the

year is just mask related issues and

that a lot of people contributed it to

mask acne specifically but there was

this other side of the coin that was

mask irritation so just having that mask

on your skin all day rubbing up against

your face and also trapping moisture on

your face was actually really irritating

the skin so there's basically two

different piles you can choose from if

you have true acne where your pores are

clogged and you have inflammatory bumps

on the skin I highly recommend not

wearing makeup underneath your mask wear

nothing under The Mask that's actually

going to clog your pores because if you

do it's actually going to make acne

worse another thing is you didn't have

acne before so you may consider adding

an acne treatment to your routine so

something like adapalene or salicylic

acid or benzil peroxide those are going

to be your three top ingredients for

treating acne over the counter consider

adding one of them not all of them

because that can make irritation worse

now if you have irritation to the skin

you're going to want to change your mask

out frequently use softer masks maybe

use fabric masks you know change up that

regimen and then overnight moisturize

use zinc oxide paste that help to repair

the Skin Barrier so two different camps

you have to pick which Camp you're in

and then Target the treatment at that

Redbeard lull asked I have a pretty bad

cracked heel from the bad skin should I

go to a foot doctor or a dermatologist

this is a good question because in

medicine we always look at okay you have

the heart doctor and they deal with the

heart and then you have the kidney

doctor and they deal with the kidney

when truly our bodies are all one piece

right so you have to really look at it

from a holistic approach so you

definitely have overlapping fields and

so when it comes to Foot Care

Dermatology and Podiatry definitely

overlap so your foot doctor is your

podiatrist I would prefer that you would

see your podiatrist because I'm

personally not not interested in seeing

everyone's feet but we definitely treat

foot conditions in dermatology

especially cracked feet you can

definitely see a podiatrist will both

treat you probably equally as well one

of the things that I highly recommend

for anybody that has that cracked dry

feet so any that has ammonium lactate or

Ura in it very effective at moisturizing

and also exfoliating that thick and

cracked heel all right that wraps it up

I hope you learned something I know I

learned something from all of your

questions if you have more questions

make sure to hit Twitter and we'll see

you next time