Strategi Manajemen Portofolio Investasi yang Baik

Summary

In this video, Melvin Mumpuni discusses how to invest Rp100 million effectively. He presents two investment strategies: concentrated (all in stocks) versus diversified (mixing stocks, bonds, and money market funds). Melvin highlights the risks associated with both strategies, emphasizing that diversification helps manage unsystematic risk, while concentrated investments may offer higher returns in positive market conditions. The video covers various investment factors such as asset types, time horizon, and location, offering insights on creating a tailored investment strategy. The speaker also shares tips on risk management, taxes, and working with a financial planner.

Takeaways

• 😀 Diversifying your investment portfolio helps manage unsystematic risk by spreading investments across different asset classes.
• 😀 A concentrated investment (e.g., investing all Rp100 million in stocks) is riskier than a diversified approach.
• 😀 Systematic risks (external factors like interest rate changes or economic conditions) are unavoidable, but can be mitigated through diversification.
• 😀 Unsystematic risks (risks from individual investment choices like company performance or liquidity) can be reduced with a diversified portfolio.
• 😀 In 2020, the Indonesian stock market saw a 38% drop in just 71 days due to the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the risks of concentrated investments.
• 😀 Investment diversification follows the principle of 'don’t put all your eggs in one basket' to prevent complete loss if one investment fails.
• 😀 Diversification should be based on several factors, including asset type (real vs. paper assets), asset class, industry, and investment period.
• 😀 Investment periods should be aligned with your goals: short-term (under 1 year), medium-term (2-5 years), and long-term (5+ years).
• 😀 Diversification across different geographical locations (e.g., domestic vs. international investments) can help balance risk.
• 😀 When formulating an investment strategy, consider target profit, maximum acceptable loss, investment period, liquidity, taxation, and legal aspects.

Q & A

What is the difference between a concentrated investment portfolio and a diversified one?

A concentrated investment portfolio involves putting all your capital into one type of asset, such as buying all shares. A diversified portfolio spreads your investments across different asset types, like stocks, bonds, and money market funds, to manage risk and increase potential returns.

Why is a concentrated investment strategy considered riskier than a diversified one?

A concentrated strategy is riskier because if the stock market crashes, your entire investment can lose value significantly. In contrast, a diversified portfolio helps reduce the risk by spreading investments across different asset types, offering protection if one market crashes.

What are systematic and unsystematic risks in investment?

Systematic risk refers to external factors beyond control, like interest rate changes or economic downturns, that affect the entire market. Unsystematic risk arises from specific investment choices, such as liquidity risks or financial risks associated with a particular asset or company.

How can investors manage unsystematic risks?

Unsystematic risks can be managed through investment diversification, which spreads the risk across different assets, reducing the chance of a total loss from a single investment.

What is the principle behind the saying 'don't put all your eggs in one basket' in investing?

This principle suggests that investors should diversify their investments to avoid losing everything if one asset performs poorly. Just like putting all eggs in one basket is risky, investing in only one asset increases the chance of significant losses.

How can an investor diversify based on asset type?

An investor can diversify by choosing between real assets (like property, businesses, or collectibles) and paper assets (such as stocks, bonds, or mutual funds). Diversifying in this way helps balance different types of risks and returns.

What are some examples of diversifying by asset class?

Diversification by asset class involves spreading investments across various categories, such as equities (stocks), fixed income (bonds), or cash equivalents (money market funds), depending on the investor’s risk tolerance and investment goals.

How should an investor choose between short-term, medium-term, and long-term investments?

For short-term goals (less than a year), investments like money market funds or deposits are suitable. For medium-term goals (2-5 years), options like government bonds or fixed income funds are better. Long-term goals (more than 5 years) may involve stocks, mixed mutual funds, or index funds.

What role does location play in investment diversification?

Location diversification involves spreading investments across different countries or regions. For example, an investor might buy both domestic and international stocks or invest in foreign real estate to manage country-specific risks.

What are the seven factors considered when formulating an investment strategy?

The seven factors include: 1) Expected profit target, 2) Maximum acceptable loss, 3) Investment period, 4) Liquidity or ease of cashing out, 5) Taxation (final or progressive tax), 6) Legality and regulation under OJK (Financial Services Authority), and 7) Investment type (e.g., Sharia-compliant or ISG-listed).