Unit 1. Lesson 5 Principles and Procedures in Materials Development

Summary

In this lesson, Miss Mars discusses principles, procedures, and materials development for teaching English. The video covers various frameworks and theories by Bell and Gore, Penny Ur, Stephen Krashen, and others. It emphasizes the importance of flexibility, authenticity, and alignment with curriculum in developing effective teaching materials. Miss Mars explains how language learning should be student-centered, involve meaningful engagement, and incorporate authentic language use. The video also highlights Krashen's second language acquisition theories and provides practical guidelines for designing lessons and materials that facilitate effective learning. Finally, students are tasked with reflecting on their own material development experiences.

Takeaways

• 😀 Lesson 5 focuses on the principles, procedures, and materials development in language teaching.
• 😀 Bell and Gore (2011) emphasize flexible materials with engaging, real-world content and natural language.
• 😀 Materials should allow for analytic approaches and include a variety of integrated skills for students.
• 😀 The development of personalized practice is crucial to cater to the unique needs of each student.
• 😀 Effective materials should always align with the curriculum and be adaptable to curriculum changes.
• 😀 Penny Ur (1995) advocates for authentic materials that stimulate interaction and encourage learners to apply their skills in real-life contexts.
• 😀 Theoretical principles from Hall stress the need for communication, long-term goals, and student-centered learning.
• 😀 Stephen Krashen's SLA theory highlights the importance of comprehensible input for second language acquisition.
• 😀 Teachers must engage students with cognitive and emotional activities to enhance language learning.
• 😀 Practical materials development procedures include identifying the need, contextualizing materials, and evaluating their effectiveness.
• 😀 A text-driven approach to materials development involves stages such as selection, experience, and engagement with the text for deeper understanding.

Q & A

What is the focus of Lesson 5 in the video?

Lesson 5 focuses on the principles, procedures, and materials development for English language teaching. It introduces the key ideas for creating effective teaching materials and provides insights into various frameworks and theories.

Who is Stephen Krashen and what role does he play in the lesson?

Stephen Krashen is a renowned expert in second language acquisition, often referred to as the 'father' of the field. In the video, his theories on second language acquisition, including the natural order hypothesis and comprehensible input, are discussed as essential components of effective language learning.

What are some of the principles of materials development according to Bell and Gore (2011)?

Bell and Gore's principles include flexibility in materials, the need for engaging content, the use of natural language, analytic approaches, emphasis on review, personalized practice, integrated skills, balanced approaches, and professional respect.

Why is it important for teaching materials to be linked to the curriculum?

It is important for teaching materials to be linked to the curriculum because materials must align with the learning objectives and desired outcomes set by the curriculum. This ensures that the materials serve their purpose effectively and support the students' learning process.

What is the significance of 'comprehensible input' according to Stephen Krashen?

Comprehensible input refers to language that learners can understand, even if it is slightly above their current proficiency level. It is crucial for language acquisition because it allows students to connect new language to their existing knowledge, making learning more meaningful and less frustrating.

What is meant by 'student-centeredness' in material development?

Student-centeredness means that materials and teaching strategies should be designed with the needs, interests, and learning styles of the students in mind, rather than focusing solely on the teacher's interests or preferences.

How should materials stimulate interaction among learners?

Materials should include tasks and activities that encourage students to interact with each other, exchange ideas, and engage in discussions, promoting both social and academic communication in the learning process.

What are the key stages in the framework for a text-driven approach to materials development as outlined by Tomlinson?

The key stages in Tomlinson's framework include: collecting texts, selecting texts, experiencing the texts, providing intake response activities, conducting developmental activities, and input response activities that focus on linguistic and cultural aspects of the text.

What role does evaluation play in materials development?

Evaluation is crucial in materials development as it allows teachers to assess whether the materials meet the learning objectives and are effective for student engagement and understanding. It helps refine the materials for better use in future lessons.

What is the significance of including tasks in teaching materials?

Including tasks in teaching materials is essential because tasks engage students in active learning, requiring them to apply language skills in meaningful contexts. This interaction fosters deeper learning and understanding of the material.