Sejarah Pemikiran Ekonomi Al Maqrizi oleh Kelompok 6

Summary

This presentation explores the life and contributions of Taqiyuddin Abu al-Abbas Ahmad al-Maqrizi, a prominent figure in Islamic economic thought. It covers his early life, education, and shift towards the Zhahiri school of thought. The discussion delves into his numerous works, ranging from Islamic history to social and economic aspects. Emphasis is placed on al-Maqrizi's views on currency, monetary policy, inflation, and corruption. He stresses the dangers of poor-quality currency, the importance of government regulation, and the harmful effects of corrupt governance. The presentation concludes with a reflection on his legacy and contributions to economic theory in the Islamic world.

Takeaways

• 😀 Al-Maqrizi, born in 1364–1365 AD, was an influential scholar from Makarizo, Egypt, known for his contributions to Islamic economic thought.
• 😀 His early education was influenced by his maternal grandfather, who was a Hanafi scholar, and later he adopted the Zahirite school of thought.
• 😀 Al-Maqrizi was highly productive, authoring both small and large works that covered topics ranging from Islamic history to social and economic studies.
• 😀 His smaller works focused on general Islamic history, specific regional histories, king biographies, and studies of social and economic issues in the Islamic world.
• 😀 His major works were categorized into world history, general Islamic history, and the history of Egypt during the Islamic era.
• 😀 Al-Maqrizi placed great importance on the role of money in human life, emphasizing its role in facilitating economic transactions and determining prices.
• 😀 He believed that poor-quality currency creation would lead to the preference of old, good-quality money, which would disrupt the economy.
• 😀 According to Al-Maqrizi, the printing of money should be carefully managed to prevent the decline in its purchasing power, as imbalance in money supply can lead to inflation.
• 😀 He categorized inflation into two causes: natural factors and human errors, with inflation affecting goods and services prices when supply is scarce.
• 😀 Al-Maqrizi critiqued the corruption in government administration, where bribery leads to ineffective leadership and inefficiency, ultimately harming the state and society.
• 😀 He argued that the corruption and mismanagement by government officials, who were often appointed based on bribery instead of merit, contributed to economic decline and social unrest.

Q & A

Who was Al-Maqrizi, and what is his significance in Islamic economic thought?

Al-Maqrizi, born Taqiyuddin Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Ahmad ibn Abdul Qodir al-Husaini in 1364 or 1365, was an influential Islamic historian and economist. He is known for his comprehensive works on world and Islamic history, as well as his significant contributions to understanding monetary policy and the economic issues of his time.

What were the key stages of Al-Maqrizi's education and intellectual development?

Al-Maqrizi's early education was influenced by his maternal grandfather, as his father's financial struggles prevented him from attending school. His education was rooted in the Hanafi school of thought, and later, after his grandfather’s death, he leaned towards the Zhahiri school of thought.

How did Al-Maqrizi contribute to Islamic historical studies?

Al-Maqrizi contributed to Islamic history through extensive written works. He produced both small and large books on a variety of topics: general Islamic history, histories of Islamic regions not covered by other historians, biographies of rulers, and studies of social, economic, and historical aspects of the Islamic world, particularly Egypt.

What were the main categories of Al-Maqrizi's written works?

Al-Maqrizi’s works can be divided into two categories: smaller books and larger books. The smaller ones include works on Islamic history, biographies of kings, and studies on various aspects of Islamic life and economy. The larger works focus on world history, general Islamic history, and the history of Egypt during the Islamic era.

What is Al-Maqrizi's perspective on the role of money and currency?

Al-Maqrizi believed that money and currency played a crucial role in facilitating economic activities. He viewed money as essential for determining the prices of goods and services, especially in the context of the Islamic world, where currency was primarily based on gold and silver.

How did Al-Maqrizi view the creation of low-quality currency?

Al-Maqrizi argued that creating low-quality currency would lead to the circulation of poor-quality coins and the hoarding of good-quality currency. This would ultimately destabilize the economy as people would prefer to keep the better-quality currency and release the inferior one into circulation.

What was Al-Maqrizi's stance on inflation and its causes?

Al-Maqrizi identified inflation as a result of rising prices, driven by the scarcity of goods and high consumer demand. He categorized inflation into two types: one caused by natural factors and another caused by human error or mismanagement, highlighting the complexity of economic pressures in his time.

What did Al-Maqrizi say about corruption and poor administration?

Al-Maqrizi criticized the corruption in the government, particularly when officials were appointed based on bribery rather than merit. This led to inefficiency, injustice, and the abuse of power, which negatively impacted society, the economy, and the overall administration.

How did Al-Maqrizi describe the impact of corrupt officials on society?

According to Al-Maqrizi, corrupt officials caused widespread injustice, leading to a decline in public morale and efficiency. This corruption led to significant economic losses, as people fled from their homes and jobs, resulting in decreased tax revenue and production output.

What was the conclusion of the presentation in the transcript?

The presentation concluded with the speaker thanking the audience for their attention, acknowledging any errors as their responsibility, and attributing the truth to Allah. The speakers expressed gratitude and offered apologies for any mistakes during the presentation.