DARI MANA KABEL NETRAL BERASAL ???

Summary

This video explains where the neutral cable comes from in an electrical system. It begins by detailing the differences between phase and neutral cables. The presenter then walks through the journey of electricity from the power plant to homes, revealing that neutral cables aren't present in the transmission or primary distribution networks. The neutral is created at the step-down transformer, which uses a star connection to form the neutral point in the secondary distribution network. This neutral, alongside the phase cables, is what powers homes with both 220V and 380V electricity, depending on the load requirements.

Takeaways

• 😀 The neutral cable is a key component in the electrical system but isn't present in the transmission and primary distribution networks.
• 😀 The neutral cable has specific characteristics: it is not energized and is colored blue according to the PUIL standard.
• 😀 The phase cable is energized, and testing it with a voltage tester causes the tester to light up.
• 😀 Neutral is not present in the transmission network (Sutet) or the primary distribution network, which only consist of three-phase cables (RST).
• 😀 The electricity generation process involves several stages: power plants, step-up transformers, transmission networks, and step-down transformers before reaching homes.
• 😀 Power plants generate electricity at voltages of 6k to 24k volts, which is then stepped up to 70k to 500k volts for transmission.
• 😀 Step-down transformers reduce the voltage from 20kV to 380V for three-phase and 220V for single-phase power.
• 😀 In the secondary distribution network, the neutral cable appears only after the step-down transformer, not earlier in the process.
• 😀 The step-down transformer uses a star connection on the secondary side, which creates a neutral point from the three-phase cables.
• 😀 The neutral cable that appears at the step-down transformer can be distributed to households, either for single-phase (220V) or three-phase (380V) loads.
• 😀 The explanation emphasizes that the neutral cable’s presence is a result of the transformation process at the step-down transformer.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the neutral cable in an electrical system?

The neutral cable is used to complete the electrical circuit by providing a return path for the current, ensuring that electrical devices function correctly. It is not energized and has no voltage.

How can you identify a neutral cable in a circuit?

A neutral cable can be identified by its blue color, according to the standard electrical codes, and it is not energized, meaning a tester will not show a voltage on it.

What is the difference between neutral and phase cables?

A phase cable is energized, meaning it carries voltage, and a tester will show a voltage when connected. In contrast, a neutral cable carries no voltage and does not light up the tester.

Where does the neutral cable come from in the power grid?

The neutral cable does not exist in the power plant, transmission network, or primary distribution network. It is created at the step-down transformer in the secondary distribution network, where the voltage is lowered for use in homes.

What is the process of electricity transmission from the power plant to homes?

Electricity is generated at the power plant and then transmitted through a step-up transformer to a high voltage (70k to 500k volts). This voltage is stepped down to 20k volts in the primary distribution network and further reduced to 380V (for 3-phase) and 220V (for single-phase) in the secondary distribution network.

What is the role of a step-down transformer in the electricity distribution system?

A step-down transformer reduces the high voltage from the primary distribution network (20k volts) to a usable voltage of 380V for 3-phase loads and 220V for single-phase loads in homes.

Why does a neutral cable appear only in the secondary distribution network?

The neutral cable appears only in the secondary distribution network because it is created at the step-down transformer where a star connection is used. This star connection generates a neutral point, unlike the delta connection used in the primary distribution network, which does not have a neutral.

How does the neutral cable appear on the step-down transformer?

The neutral cable is created at the step-down transformer by connecting the ends of the primary windings in a star configuration. This configuration generates a neutral point, which is then distributed as part of the secondary distribution network.

What happens when electricity is distributed from the secondary distribution network to homes?

From the secondary distribution network, electricity is divided into different connections: 3-phase loads receive 380V, while single-phase loads receive 220V, which is provided through the neutral cable. Each home may have its own KWH meter for monitoring electricity usage.

Why is there no neutral cable in the primary distribution network?

In the primary distribution network, which uses a delta connection, there is no neutral cable. The delta connection involves only the three phases (R, S, T), with no return path for current, which is why no neutral is needed until the step-down transformer.