Teori Perilaku Konsumen - Pendekatan Kardinal | Ekonomi | Alternatifa

Summary

In this video, Arbi explains key concepts of microeconomics, focusing on consumer behavior. He introduces two main approaches: the cardinal approach, where satisfaction is quantified numerically, and the ordinal approach, which emphasizes qualitative preferences. Arbi breaks down essential concepts like total utility, marginal utility, and the law of diminishing marginal utility, using practical examples like food choices to illustrate how satisfaction changes with consumption. Graphical representations help clarify these ideas, making them accessible to viewers, especially students learning about consumer decision-making.

Takeaways

• 😀 Consumers don't just purchase goods or services, they also consume the utility (satisfaction) derived from them.
• 😀 A consumer's behavior is influenced by their prioritization of basic needs like food, clothing, and shelter.
• 😀 The script introduces two main approaches to consumer behavior: the cardinal and ordinal approaches.
• 😀 The cardinal approach quantifies satisfaction or utility in numeric terms, such as choosing between two meals based on which one gives greater satisfaction (e.g., 100 vs. 50).
• 😀 In contrast, the ordinal approach evaluates satisfaction qualitatively, without using numeric values. It's about the subjective feeling of satisfaction, like preferring one food over another without measuring the level of satisfaction in numbers.
• 😀 The cardinal approach includes key concepts like total utility (total satisfaction from consumption), marginal utility (additional satisfaction from consuming one more unit), and the law of diminishing marginal utility.
• 😀 Total utility refers to the total satisfaction derived from consuming a certain quantity of a good or service.
• 😀 Marginal utility refers to the additional satisfaction gained from consuming one more unit of a good or service, and it typically decreases as consumption increases (the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility).
• 😀 The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility explains that as more units of a good are consumed, the additional satisfaction from each extra unit decreases.
• 😀 The script uses the example of eating meals, explaining that after a certain point, additional portions (like 7 servings of noodles) no longer provide the same level of satisfaction as the first servings.
• 😀 The video also explains how this concept can be illustrated with tables and graphs, showing how marginal utility decreases with more consumption of a good or service.

Q & A

What is the primary concept discussed in the video?

The primary concept discussed is consumer behavior in microeconomics, particularly focusing on how consumers make choices and determine priorities for their needs.

How is consumer behavior related to the satisfaction derived from goods and services?

Consumer behavior involves not only purchasing goods and services but also consuming their utility or satisfaction. For example, eating food like fried rice is about consuming the utility of that item, not just purchasing it.

What are the two main approaches to consumer behavior mentioned?

The two main approaches are the cardinal approach and the ordinal approach. The cardinal approach measures satisfaction or utility quantitatively, while the ordinal approach measures it qualitatively.

What does the cardinal approach to consumer behavior entail?

The cardinal approach involves measuring consumer satisfaction in numerical terms, such as assigning a value (e.g., 50 for eating one dish and 100 for eating another) to the level of satisfaction.

Can the cardinal approach to consumer behavior be applied in real life?

In real life, the cardinal approach is not often used because consumers don't typically assign numerical values to their satisfaction when choosing what to eat. Satisfaction is felt intuitively.

How does the ordinal approach differ from the cardinal approach?

The ordinal approach focuses on qualitative satisfaction, meaning consumers know what they prefer without quantifying it. For example, they might know they enjoy fried noodles more than meatballs, but without assigning a numerical value to the satisfaction.

What is total utility in the context of consumer behavior?

Total utility refers to the total satisfaction a consumer gets from consuming a good or service. It increases as more of the good is consumed, but at a diminishing rate.

What is marginal utility and how is it calculated?

Marginal utility is the additional satisfaction gained from consuming one more unit of a good or service. It is calculated as the change in total utility divided by the change in quantity consumed.

What is the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility?

The Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility states that as a consumer consumes more units of a good or service, the additional satisfaction (marginal utility) gained from each additional unit decreases.

How does the concept of diminishing marginal utility apply to real-life scenarios?

In real life, this concept is reflected in situations like eating food. Initially, the first serving of food provides great satisfaction, but as more is consumed, the satisfaction decreases. For instance, drinking water when thirsty is highly satisfying, but drinking too much water later can cause discomfort.